Mesoscale eddy in situ observation and characterization via underwater glider and complex network theory.

Mesoscale eddies have attracted increased attention due to their central role in ocean energy and mass transport. The observations of their three-dimensional structure will facilitate the understanding of nonlinear eddy dynamics. In this paper, we propose a novel framework, the mesoscale eddy characterization from ordinal modalities recurrence networks method (MeC-OMRN), that utilizes a Petrel-II underwater glider for in situ observations and vertical structure characterization of a moving mesoscale eddy in the northern South China Sea.

Strain- and Electron Doping-Induced In-Plane Spin Orientation at Room Temperature in Single-Layer CrTe.

Ferromagnets with a Curie temperature surpassing room temperature (RT) are highly sought after for advancing planar spintronics. The ultrathin CrTe is proposed as a promising two-dimensional (2D) ferromagnet with a Curie temperature above 300 K. However, its single-layer film is highly susceptible to specific external perturbations, leading to variable magnetic features depending on the environment.

Screening and identification of biogenic amine oxidase producing strains in Sanchuan Ham and their effect on biogenic amine accumulation.

Unlabelled: Sanchuan ham is a kind of popular fermented meat product in China. To understand the role of microorganisms in reducing the accumulation of Biogenic amine (BA) during ham fermentation. Biogenic amine oxidase-producing strains were screened and identified using color development method on double-layered plate, oxidase test, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), physiological, biochemical methods, and 16 S rDNA.

Competing Effects of Hydration and Cation Complexation in Single-Chain Alginate.

Alginic acid, a naturally occurring anionic polyelectrolyte, forms strong physically cross-linked hydrogels in the presence of metal cations. The latter engage in electrostatic interactions that compete with intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonds, determining the gel structure and properties of the system in aqueous media. In this study, we use all-atom molecular dynamics simulations to systematically analyze the interactions between alginic acid chains and Na and Ca counterions.

Non-invasive detection and complementary diagnosis of liver metastases via chemokine receptor 4 imaging.

Noninvasive detection of early-stage liver metastases from different primary cancers is a pressing unmet medical need. The lack of both molecular biomarkers and the sensitive imaging methodology makes the detection challenging. In this study, we observed the elevated expression of chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) in uveal melanoma (UM) patient liver tissues, and high CXCR4 expression in liver metastases of UM murine models, regardless of the expression levels in the primary tumors.

Entropy and distance maps-guided segmentation of articular cartilage: data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative.

Purpose: Accurate segmentation of articular cartilage from MR images is crucial for quantitative investigation of pathoanatomical conditions such as osteoarthritis (OA). Recently, deep learning-based methods have made significant progress in hard tissue segmentation. However, it remains a challenge to develop accurate methods for automatic segmentation of articular cartilage.

High-performance triboelectric nanogenerators based on the organic semiconductor copper phthalocyanine.

In this work, we fabricated triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) with the triboelectric friction layer made of the organic semiconductor copper phthalocyanine (CuPc). Iodine was incorporated into CuPc to tune the work function of the CuPc films. With 10 wt% iodine doping concentration, the TENG showed an excellent output performance with a voltage output of 300 V, a current density of 110 mA m, and a power density of 8.

Revisiting Cation Complexation and Hydrogen Bonding of Single-Chain Polyguluronate Alginate.

Modifying the properties of bio-based materials has garnered increasing interest in recent years. In related applications, the ability of alginates to complex with metal ions has been shown to be effective in liquid-to-gel transitions, useful in the development of foodstuff and pharma products as well as biomaterials, among others. However, despite its ubiquitous use, alginate behavior as far as interactions with cations is not fully understood.

Expanding carbon capture capacity: uncovering additional CO adsorption sites in imine-linked porous organic cages.

With an increasing need to develop carbon capture technologies, research regarding the use of cage-based porous materials has garnered great interest. Typically, the study of gas adsorption in porous organic cages (POCs) has focused on the gas uptake inside the cage cavity. By using molecular dynamics simulation, this study reveals the presence of eight sites outside the cavity of a 15-crown-5 ether-substituted imine-linked POC which could enhance carbon dioxide adsorption capacity.

Design and synthesis of N-(3-sulfamoylphenyl)amides as Trypanosoma brucei leucyl-tRNA synthetase inhibitors.

The protozoan parasite Trypanosoma brucei (T. brucei) causes human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), which is a fatal and neglected disease in the tropic areas, and new treatments are urgently needed. Leucyl-tRNA synthetase (LeuRS) is an attractive target for the development of antimicrobial agents.

Discovery of benzhydrol-oxaborole derivatives as Streptococcus pneumoniae leucyl-tRNA synthetase inhibitors.

Pneumonia caused by bacterium S. pneumoniae is a severe acute respiratory infectious disease with high morbidity and mortality, especially for children and immunity-compromised patients. The emergence of multidrug-resistant S.

C28 induced autophagy of female germline stem cells in vitro with changes of H3K27 acetylation and transcriptomics.

There are a few studies indicating that small molecular compounds affect the proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and autophagy of female germline stem cells (FGSCs). However, whether small molecular compound 28 (C28) affect development of FGSCs remains unknown. In this study, we found that C28 reduced the viability and proliferation of FGSCs, respectively.

[Formula: see text] symmetry of the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model with imaginary boundary potentials and next-nearest-neighboring coupling.

By introducing the next-nearest-neighboring (NNN) intersite coupling, we investigate the eigenenergies of the [Formula: see text]-symmetric non-Hermitian Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) model with two conjugated imaginary potentials at the end sites. It is found that with the strengthening of NNN coupling, the particle-hole symmetry is destroyed. As a result, the bonding band is first narrowed and then undergoes the top-bottom reversal followed by the its width's increase, whereas the antibonding band is widened monotonously.

Design and synthesis of α-phenoxy-N-sulfonylphenyl acetamides as Trypanosoma brucei Leucyl-tRNA synthetase inhibitors.

Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), caused by the parasitic protozoa Trypanosoma brucei, is one of the fatal diseases in tropical areas and current medicines are insufficient. Thus, development of new drugs for HAT is urgently needed. Leucyl-tRNA synthetase (LeuRS), a recently clinically validated antimicrobial target, is an attractive target for development of antitrypanosomal drugs.

C89 Induces Autophagy of Female Germline Stem Cells via Inhibition of the PI3K-Akt Pathway In Vitro.

Postnatal female germline stem cells (FGSCs) are a type of germline stem cell with self-renewal ability and the capacity of differentiation toward oocyte. The proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis of FGSCs have been researched in recent years, but autophagy in FGSCs has not been explored. This study investigated the effects of the small-molecule compound 89 (C89) on FGSCs and the underlying molecular mechanism in vitro.

Central role of RIPK1-VDAC1 pathway on cardiac impairment in a non-human primate model of rheumatoid arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by destructive polyarthritis and systemic complications. It increases cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However, the mechanism underlying RA-related cardiac damage remains largely unknown.

RIPK1 Binds MCU to Mediate Induction of Mitochondrial Ca Uptake and Promotes Colorectal Oncogenesis.

The receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) is an essential signaling molecule in pathways for cell survival, apoptosis, and necroptosis. We report here that RIPK1 is upregulated in human colorectal cancer and promotes cell proliferation when overexpressed in a colon cancer cell line. RIPK1 interacts with mitochondrial Ca uniporter (MCU) to promote proliferation by increasing mitochondrial Ca uptake and energy metabolism.

The Toll-like receptor 5 agonist entolimod suppresses hepatic metastases in a murine model of ocular melanoma via an NK cell-dependent mechanism.

Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary cancer of the eye in adults and progresses to metastatic disease predominantly of the liver in ~50% of patients. In these cases, life expectancy averages just 9 months due to the lack of effective treatment options. The Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) agonist entolimod (former name CBLB502) rapidly activates TLR5-NF-κB signaling in hepatocytes and suppresses growth of both TLR5-expressing and non-expressing tumors in the liver through mobilization and activation of innate and adaptive immune mechanisms.

MicroRNAs in the immune organs of chickens and ducks indicate divergence of immunity against H5N1 avian influenza.

Chickens are susceptible to the highly pathogenic H5N1 strain of avian influenza virus (HPAIV), whereas ducks are not. Here, we used high-throughput sequencing to analyse the microRNA expression in the spleen, thymus and bursa of Fabricius of H5N1-HPAIV-infected and non-infected chickens and ducks. We annotated the genomic positions of duck microRNAs and we compared the microRNA repertoires of chickens and ducks.

Overexpression of Aldo-keto reductase family 1 B10 protein in ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast correlates with HER2 positivity.

Background: Ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast constitutes the early stage of breast cancer when cancer cells are confined by the intact myoepithelial cell layer. Transition from DCIS to invasive carcinoma is a process yet poorly understood.

Materials And Methods: By liquid chromatography (LC) and mass spectrometry (MS/MS) methods, we analyzed this early event using paired samples of micro-dissected cells overlaid with focally disrupted myoepithelial layers and their adjacent counterparts within the intact duct from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded blocks.

Construction of fat1 Gene Expression Vector and Its Catalysis Efficiency in Bovine Fetal Fibroblast Cells.

The FAT-1 protein is an n-3 fatty acid desaturase, which can recognize a range of 18- and 20-carbon n-6 substrates and transform n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) into n-3 PUFAs while n-3 PUFAs have beneficial effect on human health. Fat1 gene is the coding sequence from Caenorhabditis elegans which might play an important role on lipometabolism. To reveal the function of fat1 gene in bovine fetal fibroblast cells and gain the best cell nuclear donor for transgenic bovines, the codon of fat1 sequence was optimized based on the codon usage frequency preference of bovine muscle protein, and directionally cloned into the eukaryotic expression vector pEF-GFP.