Climate change alters social-ecological trade-offs in achieving ocean futures' targets.

The effects of climate change on marine ecosystems are causing cascading impacts on livelihood, food security, and culture through fisheries. Such impacts interact and exacerbate the effects of overfishing on marine social-ecological systems, complicating the rebuilding of ecosystems to achieve desirable and sustainable ocean futures. Developing effective pathways for ecosystem rebuilding requires consideration of the co-benefits and trade-offs between ecological and social dimensions and between fishing sectors.

Children aged 0-14 years had a far lower mortality risk during the entire COVID-19 pandemic in four major industrial countries: an observational study.

Unlabelled: The purpose of this study is to describe the morbidity and mortality of children during the entire COVID-19 pandemic. Age-disaggregated data of 108,003,741 cases and 560,426 deaths were collected from Canada, France, Germany, and Italy. The number of cases and deaths per million people per week, as well as case fatality rates (CFRs), were calculated for patients aged 0-14 and ≥ 15 years.

Comparative analysis identifies significant peptides related to asthma mechanism.

Asthma is a kind of chronic inflammatory and allergic disease. Peptides have showed significant potential for asthma therapeutics. Our study aims to identify the differential peptidomic profiles between asthmatic and non-asthmatic mice.

Cryptogenic hemoptysis caused by isolated aortopulmonary collateral artery formation: a case report.

Hemoptysis in children is caused by various factors, the most common of which is basic lung disease or heart disease. Aortopulmonary collateral arteries (APCAs) are blood vessels that originate from the aorta or its branches and provide blood flow to the pulmonary tissues. We herein report a rare case of APCAs without abnormal structures in the heart.

Probiotics Improve Eating Disorders in Mandarin Fish () Induced by a Pellet Feed Diet via Stimulating Immunity and Regulating Gut Microbiota.

Eating disorders are directly or indirectly influenced by gut microbiota and innate immunity. Probiotics have been shown to regulate gut microbiota and stimulate immunity in a variety of species. In this study, three kinds of probiotics, namely, , and , were selected for the experiment.

A Novel STAT3 Mutation in a Patient with Hyper-IgE Syndrome Diagnosed with a Severe Necrotizing Pulmonary Infection.

Purpose: Autosomal dominant hyper-IgE syndrome (HIES) is a rare primary immune deficiency syndrome caused mainly by mutations in the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) gene. More information on STAT3 mutations is still needed, and further investigation is warranted. A girl with HIES carrying a novel STAT3 mutation who had no obvious apparent symptoms but presented with a severe necrotizing pulmonary infection is described here.

Airway exposure to perfluorooctanoate exacerbates airway hyperresponsiveness and downregulates glucocorticoid receptor expression in asthmatic mice.

Background: Multiple environmental risk factors play a vital role in the pathogenesis of asthma, which contribute to the phenotypic expression of asthma. Perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) is the most common and abundant perfluorocarbon (PFC) in humans, and it has been detected in water and the atmosphere worldwide. Glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is considered to exert a protective effect on asthma and is associated with the sensitivity to glucocorticoids.

Inhibiting the Notch signaling pathway suppresses Th17-associated airway hyperresponsiveness in obese asthmatic mice.

Notch signaling is crucial for the regulation of asthma and obesity. The interleukin (IL)-17-expressing CD4 T cell (Th17 cell) response and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) are critical features of both asthma and obesity. We previously demonstrated that inhibiting the Notch signaling pathway alleviates the Th17 response in a mouse model of asthma.

Celastrol Alleviates Airway Hyperresponsiveness and Inhibits Th17 Responses in Obese Asthmatic Mice.

Severe airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) is a clinical feature of asthma, which has been associated with obesity and has shown a poor response to standard asthma treatments such as glucocorticoids. Numerous studies have shown that Interleukin (IL)-17 producing CD4T cells (Th17 cells), which could be inhibited by celastrol, is essential in mediating steroid-resistant AHR. The following study investigates the impact of celastrol and its mechanism on the regulation of AHR in murine model of obesity and asthma.

Th17/Treg dysregulation in allergic asthmatic children is associated with elevated notch expression.

Background: Notch signaling pathway is critically involved in the differentiation of T helper (Th) cells, key players in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases.

Objective: The study is to explore whether Th17/Treg dysregulation in children with allergic asthma (AA) is associated with alteration of Notch expression.

Methods: Thirty-five patients with AA and thirty-five healthy control children were selected.