Scalable Manufacturing of Mechanical Robust Bioinspired Ceramic-Resin Composites with Locally Tunable Heterogeneous Structures.

Lightweight structural materials with a unique combination of high stiffness, strength, toughness, and hardness, are highly desired yet challenging to be artificially fabricated. Biological structural materials, on the other hand, ingeniously integrate multiple mutually exclusive mechanical properties together relying on their hierarchically heterogeneous structures bonded with gradient interfaces. Here, a scalable bottom-up approach combining continuous nanofiber-assisted evaporation-induced self-assembly with laminating, pressure-less sintering and resin infiltration is reported to fabricate bioinspired heterogeneous ceramic-resin composites with locally tunable microstructure to fulfill specific properties.

A pan-cancer and single-cell sequencing analysis of CD161, a promising onco-immunological biomarker in tumor microenvironment and immunotherapy.

Background: CD161 has been linked to the appearance and development of various cancers.

Methods: The mutation map and the variation of CNVs and SNVs of CD161 were displayed according to cBioportal and GSCALite. We also evaluated the pathway enrichment and drug sensitivity of CD161 according to GSCALite.

Effects of bamboo-charcoal modified by bimetallic Fe/Pd nanoparticles on n-hexane biodegradation by bacteria Pseudomonas mendocina NX-1.

The high hydrophobicity of n-hexane is the main reason why it is difficult to be removed biologically. In this study, the effects of bamboo-charcoal modified by bimetallic Fe/Pd (BBC) on n-hexane biodegradation by Pseudomonas mendocina NX-1 (PM) was investigated. The n-hexane removal efficiency was increased in the presence of BC.

Microstructure of the Li-Al-O Second Phases in Garnet Solid Electrolytes.

The microstructure of the LiLaZrO (LLZO) garnet solid electrolyte is critical for its performance in all-solid-state lithium-ion battery. During conventional high-temperature sintering, second phases are generated at the grain boundaries due to the reaction between sintering aids and LLZO, which have an enormous effect on the performances of LLZO. However, a detailed structure study of the second phases and their impact on physical properties is lacking.

Mechanochemically accessing a challenging-to-synthesize depolymerizable polymer.

Polymers with low ceiling temperatures (T) are highly desirable as they can depolymerize under mild conditions, but they typically suffer from demanding synthetic conditions and poor stability. We envision that this challenge can be addressed by developing high-T polymers that can be converted into low-T polymers on demand. Here, we demonstrate the mechanochemical generation of a low-T polymer, poly(2,5-dihydrofuran) (PDHF), from an unsaturated polyether that contains cyclobutane-fused THF in each repeat unit.

Plasma GAS6 predicts mortality risk in acute heart failure patients: insights from the DRAGON-HF trial.

Background: Growth arrest-specific 6 (GAS6) is a vitamin K-dependent protein related to inflammation, fibrosis, as well as platelet function. Genetic ablation of GAS6 in mice protects against cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction. Nonetheless, the association between plasma GAS6 levels and acute heart failure (AHF) patients is still unknown.

Mechanisms of N, N-dimethylacetamide-facilitated n-hexane removal in a rotating drum biofilter packed with bamboo charcoal-polyurethane composite.

n-Hexane and N, N-dimethylacetamide (DMAC) are two major volatile organic compounds (VOCs) discharged from the pharmaceutical industry. To enhance DMAC-facilitated n-hexane removal, we investigated the simultaneous removal of multiple pollutants in a rotating drum biofilter packed with bamboo charcoal-polyurethane composite. After adding 800 mg·L DMAC, the n-hexane removal efficiency increased from 59.

Key regulators of intestinal stem cells: diet, microbiota, and microbial metabolites.

Interactions between diet and the intestinal microbiome play an important role in human health and disease development. It is well known that such interactions, whether direct or indirect, trigger a series of metabolic reactions in the body. Evidence suggests that intestinal stem cells (ISCs), which are phenotypic precursors of various intestinal epithelial cells, play a significant role in the regulation of intestinal barrier function and homeostasis.

Ultrasound-Amplified Enzyodynamic Tumor Therapy by Perovskite Nanoenzyme-Enabled Cell Pyroptosis and Cascade Catalysis.

Overcoming apoptosis resistance to achieve efficient breast cancer treatment remains a challenge. The precise induction of another form of programmed cell death, pyroptosis, is an excellent alternative for treating cancer. Ultrasound (US)-enhanced enzyme dynamic (enzyodynamic) therapy is developed by employing LaFeO (LFO) perovskite nanocrystals as a substrate to increase the rate of deleterious reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation for intensive cell pyroptosis.

A viscoelastic-viscoplastic constitutive model for polymer bonded explosives under low impact loading.

Viscoplastic work is very important to explosive ignition under impact loading. At present, a large number of constitutive models only consider the viscoelastic and damage behavior of explosives, ignoring the plastic effect under low impact loading. A new viscoelastic-viscoplastic (VE-VP) model was developed and studied to describe the dynamic mechanical behaviors of polymer-bonded explosives (PBXs).

Modeling and optimizing of an actual municipal sewage plant: A comparison of diverse multi-objective optimization methods.

The activated sludge process of an actual municipal sewage treatment plant was systematically modeled, calibrated, and verified in this study. Identified multi-objective optimization (MOO) methods were employed to optimize the process parameters of the validated model, and the optimal MOO algorithm was obtained by comparing Pareto solution sets. The optimization model consisted of three key evaluation indicators (objective functions), which are the average effluent quality (AEQ), overall cost index (OCI), and total volume (TV) of the biochemical tank, along with 12 more process parameters (decision variables).

Machine learning-based identification of SOX10 as an immune regulator of macrophage in gliomas.

Gliomas, originating from the glial cells, are the most lethal type of primary tumors in the central nervous system. Standard treatments like surgery have not significantly improved the prognosis of glioblastoma patients. Recently, immune therapy has become a novel and effective option.

Recent advances in ginsenosides against respiratory diseases: Therapeutic targets and potential mechanisms.

Background: Respiratory diseases mainly include asthma, influenza, pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary hypertension, lung fibrosis, and lung cancer. Given their high prevalence and poor prognosis, the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases are increasingly essential. In particular, the development for the novel strategies of drug treatment has been a hot topic in the research field.

Glioblastoma glycolytic signature predicts unfavorable prognosis, immunological heterogeneity, and ENO1 promotes microglia M2 polarization and cancer cell malignancy.

Glioblastomas are the most malignant brain tumors, whose progress was promoted by aberrate aerobic glycolysis. The immune environment was highly engaged in glioblastoma formation, while its interaction with aerobic glycolysis remained unclear. Herein, we build a 7-gene Glycolytic Score (GS) by Elastic Net in the training set and two independent validating sets.

Fast multi-source nanophotonic simulations using augmented partial factorization.

Numerical solutions of Maxwell's equations are indispensable for nanophotonics and electromagnetics but are constrained when it comes to large systems, especially multi-channel ones such as disordered media, aperiodic metasurfaces and densely packed photonic circuits where the many inputs require many large-scale simulations. Conventionally, before extracting the quantities of interest, Maxwell's equations are first solved on every element of a discretization basis set that contains much more information than is typically needed. Furthermore, such simulations are often performed one input at a time, which can be slow and repetitive.

Based on Propensity Matching Scores: Comparison of the Efficacy of Two Kinds of Bariatric Surgery for Obese Type 2 Diabetes.

Purpose: To compare the efficacy of OADS and SG in treating obese T2D in China.

Materials And Methods: We included 99 obese Chinese patients with T2D undergoing OADS or SG with a 1-year postoperative follow-up from January 2014 to October 2021. Using the propensity score matching (PSM) method, patients from both groups were matched 1:1.

Older Adults' Response to Color Visibility in Indoor Residential Environment Using Eye-Tracking Technology.

Older adults spend relatively more time in indoor residential environments than young people. As their visual and cognitive abilities decline, they experience a high risk of accidents in indoor environments; thus, understanding their gaze behavior while considering cognitive capacity is essential in preventing potential accidents and planning for aging-friendly environments. The purpose of this study was to examine whether the use of color in living environments affects the visual attention of older adults.

Global Research Trends on Smart Homes for Older Adults: Bibliometric and Scientometric Analyses.

A growing aging population across the world signifies the importance of smart homes equipped with appropriate technology for the safety and health of older adults. Well-designed smart homes can increase the desire of older adults' aging-in-place and bring economic benefits to the country by reducing budgets for care providers. To obtain a structural overview and provide significant insights into the characteristics of smart homes for older adults, this study conducted bibliometric and scientometric analyses.

Identification of CD73 as a Novel Biomarker Encompassing the Tumor Microenvironment, Prognosis, and Therapeutic Responses in Various Cancers.

CD73 is essential in promoting tumor growth by prohibiting anti-tumor immunity in many cancer types. While the mechanism remains largely unknown, our paper comprehensively confirmed the onco-immunological characteristics of CD73 in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of pan-cancer. This paper explored the expression pattern, mutational profile, prognostic value, tumor immune infiltration, and response to immunotherapy of CD73 in a continuous cohort of cancers through various computational tools.

Controlled Desiccation of Preprinted Hydrogel Scaffolds Toward Complex 3D Microarchitectures.

Additive manufacturing (AM) is the key to creating a wide variety of 3D structures with unique and programmable functionalities. Direct ink writing is one of the widely used AM technologies with numerous printable materials. However, the extrude-based method is limited by low fabrication resolution, which is confined to printing macrostructures.

A Genetic Compensation Phenomenon and Global Gene Expression Changes in Sex-miR-2766-3p Knockout Strain of Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) drive the post-transcriptional repression of target mRNAs and play important roles in a variety of biological processes. miR-2766-3p is conserved and abundant in Lepidopteran species and may be involved in a variety of biological activities. In this study, Sex-miR-2766-3p was predicted to potentially bind to the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of cap 'n' collar isoform C (CncC) in , and Sex-miR-2766-3p was confirmed to regulate the expression of through screening with a luciferase reporter system.

High-level of intratumoral GITR+ CD4 T cells associate with poor prognosis in gastric cancer.

Immunotherapy targeting glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein (GITR) exhibited strong anti-tumor capacity in mouse model but poor efficacy in clinical trials. This may be attributed to the different GITR expression mode between human and mouse. In this study, we analyzed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data of human gastric cancer (GC) and used flow to explore the GITR expression across T cell subsets and tissue types in GC patients.

A solution to the biophysical fractionation of extracellular vesicles: Acoustic Nanoscale Separation via Wave-pillar Excitation Resonance (ANSWER).

High-precision isolation of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) from biofluids is essential toward developing next-generation liquid biopsies and regenerative therapies. However, current methods of sEV separation require specialized equipment and time-consuming protocols and have difficulties producing highly pure subpopulations of sEVs. Here, we present Acoustic Nanoscale Separation via Wave-pillar Excitation Resonance (ANSWER), which allows single-step, rapid (<10 min), high-purity (>96% small exosomes, >80% exomeres) fractionation of sEV subpopulations from biofluids without the need for any sample preprocessing.

The hemoglobin glycation index predicts the risk of adverse cardiovascular events in coronary heart disease patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Previous studies have shown that the hemoglobin glycation index (HGI) can be used as a predictor of diabetic complications. However, limited information is currently available to indicate the correlation between HGI and comorbidity of coronary heart disease (CHD) and diabetes. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of HGI to predict major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in CHD patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).