Effects of inhaled budesonide on insulin sensitivity in nondiabetic patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

In the study reported here, investigators explored the following: (1) the effects of inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) therapy on insulin sensitivity (IS) (the Homeostatic Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance [HOMA-IR] Index, which has never been used before in nondiabetic patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD], was used in this investigation); and (2) differences and similarities between asthma and COPD groups. A total of 12 patients with asthma and 6 with COPD who were not previously treated with oral corticosteroids or ICSs were treated with budesonide, 400 microg twice daily for 8 wk, via dry powder inhaler through the Aerolizer. Pretreatment and posttreatment values were recorded for forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV(1)), forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV(1)/FVC, C-reactive protein (CRP), blood glucose, serum insulin levels, area under the curve (AUC) for glucose and insulin in an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and HOMA-IR Index.

Celiac disease in an adult Turkish population with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Celiac disease is a frequent cause of morbidity among patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. In this study our objective was to determine the prevalance of celiac diasease in a Turkish adult population with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Patients included 122 type 1 diabetes cases from adult diabetes clinic.

Nicotinamide effects oxidative burst activity of neutrophils in patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Neutrophil functions are impaired in patients with diabetes mellitus. Bacterial phagocytosis and oxidative burst activity are reduced at high glucose concentrations in diabetic patients. Defects in neutrophil oxidative burst capacity are of multifactorial origin in diabetes mellitus and correlate with glucose levels.

Orlistat augments postprandial increases in glucagon-like peptide 1 in obese type 2 diabetic patients.

Objective: Orlistat leads to improved glycemic control in obese type 2 diabetic patients, which is attributed to decreased insulin resistance associated with weight loss. Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) are gut hormones that are secreted in response to food intake, and they both stimulate insulin secretion. Orlistat decreases fat absorption and increases intestinal fat content, which may lead to increased secretion of these peptides.

Fenofibrate treatment is associated with better glycemic control and lower serum leptin and insulin levels in type 2 diabetic patients with hypertriglyceridemia.

Background: Hertriglyceridemia is commonly encountered in type 2 diabetic patients. Fibrates are a group of drugs that efficiently decrease triglycerides, increase HDL, and improve the prognosis in both diabetic and nondiabetic patients. However, the effects of fibrates on glycemic control, blood pressure, fasting serum insulin, and leptin concentrations are not clear.