Is It Possible to Detect Return of Spontaneous Circulation during Chest Compression? Evaluation of a Novel Method: Carotid Artery Compression Ultrasound.

To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of carotid artery compression using a point-of-care ultrasound probe (POCUS-CAC) in reducing pulse check times and facilitating the detection of the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) compared to manual palpation (MP). The secondary aim of the study is to assess the ability of POCUS-CAC to detect ROSC during ongoing chest compressions. This prospective study was conducted in a tertiary emergency department between January and June 2023.

Citrate anticoagulation and systemic heparin anticoagulation during continuous renal replacement therapy among critically-ill children.

Bakcground: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of citrate versus heparin anticoagulation for CRRT in critically-ill children.

Methods: This retrospective comparative cohort reviewed the clinical records of critically-ill children undergoing CRRT with either RCA or systemic heparin anticoagulation. The primary outcome measure was hemofilter survival time.

Emergency application of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in a pediatric case of sudden airway collapse due to anterior mediastinal mass: A case report and review of literature.

Mediastinal masses can compress the respiratory or cardiovascular system, especially when anteriorly located. Obtaining histological material for diagnosis poses a challenge due to the major risk of cardiorespiratory collapse following anesthetic procedure. Our case shows the utility of rescue with venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) after occurrence of such an event and demonstrates the feasibility of administering chemotherapy during VV-ECMO.

Controlling Nutritional Status Score Predicts In-Hospital Mortality in Acute Pulmonary Embolism.

Objective: The association between the nutritional status and outcomes in pulmonary embolism is unclear. This study was aimed at examining the value of the Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score in assessing malnutrition among acute pulmonary embolism patients.

Subject And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of adult patients with acute pulmonary embolism hospitalized through our ED.

The value of conventional manometry in the identification of normal esophageal manometry.

In the last decade, high-resolution esophageal manometry (HREM) is the main device for the management of dysphagia replacing conventional manometry (CM). Conventional manometry still seems to have some space to diagnose major motility disorders and differentiate normal from abnormal esophageal motility. The long term outcomes of patients with normal CM were analyzed in our study.

Relationship between a Prolonged Corrected QT Interval and Mortality in Patients Presenting with Syncope at the Emergency Department.

Background: Syncope is a common symptom in emergency department patients. Among various etiological factors, cardiac causes have the highest risk of mortality. The corrected QT interval is considered an independent predictor of mortality for many diseases.

Comparison of chlorhexidine impregnated dressing and standard dressing for the prevention of central-line associated blood stream infection and colonization in critically ill pediatric patients: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: The aim of this study was to compare chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG)-impregnated dressing and standard dressing with respect to the frequency of central-line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI), catheter-related bloodstream infection, primary bloodstream infection, and catheter colonization in critically ill pediatric patients with short-term central venous catheters.

Methods: Children who were admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit of a tertiary institution between May 2018 and December 2019 and received placement of a short-term central venous catheter were included in this single-center randomized controlled trial. Patients were grouped according to the type of catheter fixation applied.

Oral mucosal mouthwash with chlorhexidine does not reduce the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia in critically ill children: A randomised controlled trial.

Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is one of the most frequently encountered causes of hospital-acquired infection and results in high morbidity among intubated patients. Few trials have investigated the efficacy of oral care with chlorhexidine (CHX) mouthwash for the prevention of VAP in the paediatric population.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of CHX mouthwash in the prevention of VAP and to determine risk factors for VAP in children aged 1 month to 18 years admitted to the paediatric intensive care unit (PICU).

Anaphylactoid reaction during hemodiafiltration on AN69 membrane in a patient with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome: A pediatric case report.

Reactions associated with hemodiafiltration can be life threatening if not recognized early in the course of dialysis. AN69 (acrylonitrile and sodium methallyl sulfonate copolymer) membrane-associated reactions during hemodialysis have been documented in adult patients receiving angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, which are thought to be triggered by the negative charge of the AN69 membrane. Here, we present a 5-month-old girl requiring continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) for acute kidney injury secondary to atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome who experienced acute cyanosis, angioedema, tachycardia, and impaired circulation during CRRT.

When is the right time to take an emergency surgery decision in Mechanical Intestinal Obstruction?

Background: /Objective: Ischemia is a leading cause of morbidity in Mechanical Intestinal Obstruction (MIO) in which the timing of decisions of whether to proceed to surgical or conservative treatment is critical in emergency departments (ED). While advanced technological options are available, patients may be negatively affected by the application of contrast agents or radiation. The use of ultrasound is limited because of the air in the intestines does not allow a good field of vision.

Internal carotid artery dissection following blunt head trauma: a pediatric case report and review of the literature.

Background: Internal carotid artery dissection (ICAD) is a rare but potentially devastating complication after trauma in the pediatric age group. The diagnosis of traumatic dissection is difficult and is usually recognized only when ischemic symptoms appear. We report a pediatric patient with ICAD due to blunt cerebrovascular injury (BCVI).

Comparing the novel microstream and the traditional mainstream method of end-tidal CO monitoring with respect to PaCO as gold standard in intubated critically ill children.

The objective of this study was to evaluate a novel microstream method by comparison with PaCO and the more standard mainstream capnometer in intubated pediatric patients. We hypothesized that the novel microstream method would superior compared to the traditional mainstream method in predicting PaCO. This was a prospective single-center comparative study.

Subclinical cardiovascular dysfunction in children and adolescents with asthma.

Background: There is close association between asthma and cardiovascular functions as both diseases share common inflammatory pathways. The current study was aimed at investigating the risk factors, associated with endothelial and cardiac functions in children with newly-diagnosed mild-persistent asthma.

Methods: A total of 33 steroid-naive asthmatic children [median(interquartile-range); 9.

Evaluation of an artificial intelligence system for diagnosing scaphoid fracture on direct radiography.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to determine the diagnostic performance of artificial intelligence with the use of convolutional neural networks (CNN) for detecting scaphoid fractures on anteroposterior wrist radiographs. The performance of the deep learning algorithm was also compared with that of the emergency department (ED) physician and two orthopaedic specialists (less experienced and experienced in the hand surgery).

Methods: A total 390 patients with AP wrist radiographs were included in the study.

Comparison of arterial CO estimation by end-tidal and transcutaneous CO measurements in intubated children and variability with subject related factors.

Transcutaneous PCO (PCO) and end-tidal PCO (PCO) measurement methods serve as alternatives to arterial PCO (PaCO), providing continuous non-invasive monitoring. The objective of this study was to evaluate the PCO and PCO methods with actual PaCO levels, and to assess the variability of measurements in relation to subject-related factors, such as skin and subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness and presence of pulmonary diseases. PCO, PCO and PaCO were measured at the same time in intubated pediatric subjects.

VIRAL ETIOLOGY AND OUTCOME OF SEVERE LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS AMONG CRITICALLY ILL CHILDREN ADMITTED TO THE PICU.

Objective: To determine the viral etiology of severe lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs), their clinical significance and prognosis among critically ill children.

Design: A prospective descriptive study was carried out.

Setting: Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) of Istanbul Medeniyet University, Goztepe Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.

The Feasibility of the Ultrasound-Guided Femoral Nerve Block Procedure with Low-Dose Local Anesthetic in Intracapsular and Extracapsular Hip Fractures.

Background: The local anesthetic dosages used in the current literature in regional applications of local anesthetics are frequently high for surgical purposes, and there are no sufficient dosage studies for emergency department (ED) management.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the success of lower local anesthetic dosages capable of reducing costs and excessive exposure to drugs in pain control in patients with femoral neck fractures (FNFs) in the ED.

Methods: Patients ≥65 years of age with FNFs and reporting Wong-Baker Pain Rating Scales scores ≥8 were included in this prospective, interventional study.

The evaluation of geriatric patients who presented with trauma to the emergency department.

Introduction: Geriatric patients are subject to traumas more frequently due to age-related physiopathological changes. The objective of the study was to evaluate the demographic properties of geriatric patients who presented with trauma to the emergency department in addition to establishing the course of the diagnosis and treatment.

Material And Methods: Nine hundred and twelve geriatric patients who presented with trauma to the emergency department during one year were included in this retrospective study.

Effect of Changes in Intravascular Volume on Inferior Vena Cava and Aorta Diameters and the Caval/Aorta Index in Healthy Volunteers.

Objectives: Although inferior vena cava diameter (IVCD) measurement can be useful as a noninvasive method for monitoring the volume status, the benefit of abdominal aorta diameter (AAD) measurement is unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine the value of the combined use of the IVCD and AAD in blood loss monitoring.

Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at the blood donor center of a training and research hospital.

Euglisemic diabetic ketoacidotic coma caused by dapagliflozin.

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious and potentially life-threatening acute complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2(SGLT-2) inhibitors are new orally administered antihyperglycemic agents. These agents are related with rarely seen euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis (eDKA) cases, which are difficult to diagnose in emergency department (ED) because of absence of an evident hyperglycemia and may result with potentially dangerous outcomes if missed.

Melatonin: is it an effective antioxidant for pulmonary contusion?

Background: The goal of the present study was to evaluate the antioxidant effects of melatonin on pulmonary contusion (PC) caused by isolated blunt thoracic trauma (BTT) in an experimental rat model.

Materials And Methods: A total of 49 rats were divided into three groups: control group (CG), trauma group (TG), and melatonin group (MG). PC was induced by isolated BTT for all the groups except the control group.