Use of Endoscopic Ultrasound Elastography to Differentiate between Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor and Leiomyoma Localized in the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract.

Background: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) have malignant potential. Distinction of GISTs from leiomyoma is important to the decision of follow-up or treatment for upper gastrointestinal tract subepithelial lesions (SELs). There are few studies on the evaluation of gastrointestinal SELs with endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) elastography.

Assessing hepatic steatosis by magnetic resonance in potential living liver donors.

Purpose: To determine the accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging-proton density fat fraction (MRI-PDFF) measurements for detecting liver fat content in potential living liver donors and to compare these results using liver biopsy findings.

Methods: A total of 139 living liver donors (men/women: 83/56) who underwent MRI between January 2017 and September 2021 were included in this analysis retrospectively. The PDFFs were measured using both MR spectroscopy (MRS) and chemical shift-based MRI (CS-MRI) for each donor in a blinded manner.

A combination of non-invasive tests for the detection of significant fibrosis in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease is not superior to magnetic resonance elastography alone.

Objectives: The aims of the present study were to investigate a combination of magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) and vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE) or MRE and fibrosis score 4 (FIB-4) in the detection of significant fibrosis in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD).

Methods: Between November 5, 2021, and March 4, 2022, a total of 119 consecutive patients with MASLD were included. Liver stiffness was measured using liver biopsy, MRE, VCTE, and FIB-4.

Determining Subclinical Cardiovascular and Cardiac Diseases in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Background: The aims of the present study were to determine the subclinical coronary atherosclerosis and myocardial dysfunction in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, who were asymptomatic for cardiac disease.

Methods: A total of 61 non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients were enrolled in the study. The 10-year probability of cardiovascular events was evaluated according to the pooled cohort equation risk score (atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease).

Factors associated with the development of extrahepatic malignancy in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a single-center longitudinal study.

Background And Aims: The aim of the present study was to determine incident cases of extrahepatic malignancy in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and to identify whether the factors are associated with cancer development.

Methods: Between 15 January 2001 and 14 March 2021, a total of 1365 patients had been diagnosed with NAFLD were enrolled in the study.

Results: The median follow-up period was 59.

An imaging-based artificial intelligence model for non-invasive grading of hepatic venous pressure gradient in cirrhotic portal hypertension.

The hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) is the gold standard for cirrhotic portal hypertension (PHT), but it is invasive and specialized. Alternative non-invasive techniques are needed to assess the hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG). Here, we develop an auto-machine-learning CT radiomics HVPG quantitative model (HVPG), and then we validate the model in internal and external test datasets by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) for HVPG stages (≥10, ≥12, ≥16, and ≥20 mm Hg) and compare the model with imaging- and serum-based tools.

Noncontrast-enhanced MRI-based Noninvasive Score for Portal Hypertension (CHESS1802): An International Multicenter Study.

Background And Aims: This study aimed to determine the performance of the non-invasive score using noncontrast-enhanced MRI (CHESS-DIS score) for detecting portal hypertension in cirrhosis.

Methods: In this international multicenter, diagnostic study (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03766880), patients with cirrhosis who had hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) measurement and noncontrast-enhanced MRI were prospectively recruited from four university hospitals in China (=4) and Turkey (=1) between December 2018 and April 2019.

Outcome of COVID-19 in Patients With Autoimmune Hepatitis: An International Multicenter Study.

Background And Aims: Data regarding outcome of COVID-19 in patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) are lacking.

Approach And Results: We performed a retrospective study on patients with AIH and COVID-19 from 34 centers in Europe and the Americas. We analyzed factors associated with severe COVID-19 outcomes, defined as the need for mechanical ventilation, intensive care admission, and/or death.

Natural History of Cirrhosis: Changing Trends in Etiology Over the Years.

Background And Goals: The aims of the present study were to investigate the natural history of cirrhosis and to determine trends in the etiology of cirrhosis.

Methods: Between January 2001 and January 2018, a total of 1,341 patients had been diagnosed with cirrhosis and were included.

Results: A total of 898 cirrhotic patients, who were followed up for at least 6 months were included into the analysis.

Deep Convolutional Neural Network-Aided Detection of Portal Hypertension in Patients With Cirrhosis.

Background & Aims: Noninvasive and accurate methods are needed to identify patients with clinically significant portal hypertension (CSPH). We investigated the ability of deep convolutional neural network (CNN) analysis of computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance (MR) to identify patients with CSPH.

Methods: We collected liver and spleen images from patients who underwent contrast-enhanced CT or MR analysis within 14 days of transjugular catheterization for hepatic venous pressure gradient measurement.