Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) cause substantial health-related and economic burdens, but progress towards preventative or ameliorative treatments has been limited. Genome-wide association studies have identified hundreds of risk loci containing single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that alter risk for these diseases, but >90% of these SNPs are in noncoding regions, which are cell type-specific and difficult to study. To address this gap, we have characterized the epigenomes of iPSC-derived neuronal and glial cells and performed CRISPRi single cell screening to dissect the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying 10 ND risk loci.

Effectiveness of Agomelatine in Generalized Anxiety Disorder Comorbid to Bipolar 1 Disorder in a Male Adolescent Patient.

Anxiety comorbidity in bipolar disorder (BD) is important and thus significantly affects the course of BD and its outcomes. The treatment of generalized anxiety disorder comorbid with BD involves certain challenges, as antidepressant medications, which are standard in the treatment of anxiety disorder, have the risk of shifting to manic episodes and rapid cycling. In this case report, the response to agomelatine treatment in generalized anxiety disorder comorbid with bipolar 1 disorder was evaluated.

PPInterface: A Comprehensive Dataset of 3D Protein-Protein Interface Structures.

The PPInterface dataset contains 815,082 interface structures, providing the most comprehensive structural information on protein-protein interfaces. This resource is extracted from over 215,000 three-dimensional protein structures stored in the Protein Data Bank (PDB). The dataset contains a wide range of protein complexes, providing a wealth of information for researchers investigating the structural properties of protein-protein interactions.

18 F-FDG PET/CT Findings of a Patient With Stercoral Colitis.

Stercoral colitis is a colonic inflammation caused by fecal impaction. It is now more commonly discussed in the literature due to its clinical significance, which has gained recognition in recent years. Delayed diagnosis may result in complications such as sepsis and perforation, which have a high mortality rate.

Bone and Parathyroid Scintigraphy Findings in Sagliker Syndrome.

Sagliker syndrome (SS) is a rare, exaggerated form of chronic kidney disease (CKD)-mineral and bone disorder resulting from untreated secondary hyperparathyroidism due to CKD. Herein, we describe a 34-year-old male patient whose Tc-99m-methylene diphosphonate bone scintigraphy and Tc-99m-sestamibi parathyroid scintigraphy revealed hints of SS and exhibited its defining characteristics.

Structural coverage of the human interactome.

Complex biological processes in cells are embedded in the interactome, representing the complete set of protein-protein interactions. Mapping and analyzing the protein structures are essential to fully comprehending these processes' molecular details. Therefore, knowing the structural coverage of the interactome is important to show the current limitations.

The Expanded Exercise Addiction Inventory (EAI-3): Towards Reliable and International Screening of Exercise-Related Dysfunction.

Exercise addiction (EA) refers to excessive exercise, lack of control, and health risks. The Exercise Addiction Inventory (EAI) is one of the most widely used tools in its assessment. However, the cross-cultural psychometric properties of the EAI could be improved because it misses three pathological patterns, including guilt, exercise despite injury, and experienced harm.

Subdural empyema in immunocompetent pediatric patients with recent SARS-CoV-2 positivity: case report.

Subdural empyema refers to the collection of purulent material in the subdural space and the most source of it is bacterial meningitis in infants while sinusitis and otitis media in older children. It has been very recently reported that coronaviruses (CoV) exhibit neurotropic properties and may also cause neurological diseases. CoV-related complications as hypercoagulability with thrombosis and associated inflammation, catastrophic cerebral venous sinus thrombose sand bacterial-fungal superinfections have been well documented in adult patients.

Mental well-being and related factors in individuals with stuttering.

Aim: This study aimed to determine the effects of various sociodemographic variables and experiences, unhelpful beliefs about stuttering, and perceived social support on psychological well-being in stuttering adults.

Methods: Forty-five stuttering adults were included in our study, and sociodemographic data were collected using a stuttering experiences information form, the Unhelpful Thoughts and Beliefs About Stuttering (UTBAS)-6 scale, the perceived social support scale, and the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale.

Results: It was determined that the total score of the UTBAS scale, the high scores on the fear of negative evaluation, avoidance, self-doubt and insecurity, and the hopelessness subscales, and the low scores of the perceived social support scale were correlated with lower psychological well-being results in stuttering individuals.

A Rare Case of Pulmonary Alveolar Microlithiasis with Diffuse Lung Uptake on Bone Scintigraphy.

Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis is a rare disease characterized by accumulating intraalveolar small calcium phosphate stones. The disease is slow and does not show any signs in the early stages, but the shortness of breath, cough, and right heart failure may develop as it progresses. Methylene diphosphonate used in bone scintigraphy shows high uptake of calcium deposits in the alveoli and causes diffuse increased radiopharmaceutical uptake in the lungs.

Relationship between bone density and levetiracetam monotherapy in epilepsy patients.

Purpose: Levetiracetam (LEV) is an anti-seizure drug (ASD). A consensus has not been reached regarding its effects on bone health. This cross sectional study was planned to assess short, medium and long-term effects on bone density and blood parameters that are associated with bone metabolism.

The success of the Cystic Fibrosis Registry of Turkey for improvement of patient care.

Background: Cystic fibrosis (CF) registries play an essential role in improving disease outcomes of people with CF. This study aimed to evaluate the association of newly established CF registry system in Turkey on follow-up, clinical, growth, treatment, and complications of people with this disease.

Methods: Age at diagnosis, current age, sex, z-scores of weight, height and body mass index (BMI), neonatal screening results, pulmonary function tests, history of meconium ileus, medications, presence of microorganisms, and follow-up were evaluated and compared to data of people with CF represented in both 2017 and 2019 registry data.

To compare, or not to compare? Age moderates the relationship between social comparisons on instagram and identity processes during adolescence and emerging adulthood.

Introduction: Social networking sites such as Instagram have provided young people with unprecedented opportunities for social comparison, and such behaviour can have implications for identity development. Although initial evidence suggests that there may be developmental differences in terms of how such behaviour informs identity development during adolescence and emerging adulthood, all previous research has been conducted in highly individualistic cultural contexts (i.e.

SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity among pediatric health care personnel after the first peak of the pandemic: nationwide surveillance in Turkey.

Background: Understanding SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence among health care personnel is important to explore risk factors for transmission, develop elimination strategies and form a view on the necessity and frequency of surveillance in the future.

Methods: We enrolled 4927 health care personnel working in pediatric units at 32 hospitals from 7 different regions of Turkey in a study to determine SARS Co-V-2 seroprevalence after the first peak of the COVID-19 pandemic. A point of care serologic lateral flow rapid test kit for immunoglobulin (Ig)M/IgG was used.

Investigation of Patients With Eye Closure Sensitive Epilepsy With Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy.

A proportion of patients diagnosed with genetic generalized epilepsy (GGE) experience eye-closure sensitivity (ECS), the underlying pathogenesis of which is unknown. In this study, we compare magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) findings of healthy volunteers with patients diagnosed with GGE, with and without ECS, to detect possible explanatory differences between groups. A total of 33 patients diagnosed with GGE: 17 with ECS and 16 without, and 12 healthy volunteers are included.

Late PET/CT Findings of COVID-19 Pneumonia With 2 Different Radiopharmaceuticals in a Patient: PSMA Avidity Higher Than FDGs.

We present the 68Ga-PSMA and 18F-FDG PET/CT findings comparatively of a 67-year-old prostate cancer and malignant melanoma patient who had COVID-19 pneumonia 3 months ago. In 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT, ground-glass opacities showing markedly increased PSMA uptake were observed in the patient's lungs. It was learned that the patient had COVID-19 pneumonia 3 months ago and was treated in the intensive care unit for 13 days.

Neurological Manifestations of Pediatric Acute COVID Infections: A Single Center Experience.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) usually leads to a mild infectious disease course in children, while serious complications may occur in conjunction with both acute infection and neurological symptoms, which have been predominantly reported in adults. The neurological complications in these patients vary based on patient age and underlying comorbidities. Data on clinical features, particularly neurological features, and prognostic factors in children and adolescents are limited.

How safe and effective is stentless laparoscopic ureterolithotomy in elderly patients?

Purpose: With the improvement of minimally invasive urology procedures, open surgical interventions are less common to treat ureteral calculus. Laparoscopic ureterolithotomy (LU) indications are large multiple and/or impacted ureteral calculus that may not be treated with shock-wave lithotripsy or ureterorenoscopy approaches. The aim of our study was to investigate the feasibility and safety of stentless LU in elderly patients.

Is spinal anesthesia an alternative and feasible method for proximal ureteral stone treatment?

Introduction: We investigated the clinical, operational, and pain parameters of patients who underwent semirigid ureterorenoscopy (sURS) under spinal anesthesia (SA) and general anesthesia (GA) for proximal ureter stones.

Material And Methods: Patients treated with sURS after diagnosis of proximal ureter stones between January 2014 and May 2017 were reviewed retrospectively. The patients were divided into two groups (the SA group and the GA group) based on the type of anesthesia used.

Comparison of Cohen and Lich-Gregoir ureteral reimplantation in the surgical management of primary unilateral vesicoureteral reflux in children.

Objective: Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) represents one of the most significant risk factors for acute pyelonephritis in children. Various intravesical and extravesical techniques have been described for the surgical correction of VUR. The aim of our study was to compare the results of open intravesical and extravesical procedures for unilateral primary VUR in children.

Diagnostic Value of Diffusion-weighted Magnetic Resonance (MR) Imaging, MR Perfusion, and MR Spectroscopy in Addition to Conventional MR Imaging in Intracranial Space-occupying Lesions.

Purpose: Our aim was to determine the diagnostic performance of the combined usage of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and perfusion MR (MRP) imaging for the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant intracranial lesions.

Materials And Methods: A total of 30 patients with intracranial lesions who were prospectively evaluated with contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), DWI, MRS, and MRP were included in this study. The lesions were classified as benign and malignant according to the radiologic findings.

The Efficacy of Ultra-thin Semi-rigid Ureteroscopy with Holmium Laser Lithotripsy in Pediatric Ureteral Stones: A Single-center Experience.

Introduction The aim of this study was to present our results regarding the feasibility and possible complications of 4.5 Fr semi-rigid ureterorenoscopy (URS) treatments in pediatric patients. Methods The files and computer records of a total of 33 pediatric patients (20 males and 13 females), who underwent URS procedures for ureteral stones > 5 mm between January 2013 and June 2017, were retrospectively reviewed.

Clot Retention: Our Experiences with a Simple New Technique of Evacuation with a Thoracic Catheter.

Introduction: Clot retention in the urinary bladder is a very common health problem in surgical and nonsurgical cases and clot retention treatment is quite costly.

Objectives: The aim of this retrospective study was to describe an alternative technique for removing tenacious and chronic clots by using a thoracic catheter technique.

Materials And Methods: Between January 2011 and June 2018, a total of 27 patients of clot retention were treated under local anesthesia with the thoracic catheter technique.