Driver mutation landscape of acute myeloid leukemia provides insights for neoantigen-based immunotherapy.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has lagged in benefiting from immunotherapies, primarily due to the scarcity of actionable AML-specific antigens. Driver mutations represent promising immunogenic targets, but a comprehensive characterization of the AML neoantigen landscape and their impact on patient outcomes and the AML immune microenvironment remain unclear. Herein, we conducted matched DNA and RNA sequencing on 304 AML patients and extensively integrated data from additional ∼2500 AML cases, identifying 49 driver genes, notably characterized by a significant proportion of insertions and deletions (indels).

Boron-Doped Molecular Carbons Bearing a Formal Boron-Inserted Pentalene: Synthesis, Electronic Structures and Properties.

Two boron-doped molecular carbons (BMCs), featuring one formal boron-inserted pentalene (BP) embedded into the CB or CB polycyclic π-skeleton, were successfully synthesized. Despite their small-size conjugated structures, both of them exhibit unusual broad light absorption, narrow energy gaps, and electron-accepting ability, as well as local antiaromaticity with pseudo 4π electrons. As disclosed, these intriguing physical properties are significantly contributed by the boron atom and pentagonal ring in the BP substructure, thus demonstrating the importance of such BP incorporation into polycyclic π-systems.

Spiro-Fused vs 575-Ringed Boron-Doped Polycyclic π-Systems: Selective Synthesis, Reactivity and Properties.

Incorporation of heteroatoms and/or non-hexagonal rings into polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) can alter their intrinsic structures and physical properties. However, it is challenging to construct PAHs featuring boron/carbon composition and non-hexagonal combination. Herein, we disclose the selective synthesis of spiro-type and pentagon/heptagon-containing boron-doped polycyclic π-systems by the Scholl reaction.

Mechanically Driven, Continuous Synthesis of Chiroplasmonic Assemblies.

Chiral plasmonic nanomaterials─with their significant applications in protein detection, drug screening, and enantioselective sensing─necessitate an industrialized fabrication procedure to enhance their commercial viability. However, the prevailing manufacturing of chiral plasmonic nanoparticles and assemblies heavily leans on manual intervention, causing time-consuming and quality-inconsistent concerns. Here, we develop an automated, continuous mechanical synthesis system that consistently sprays metal nanowires to create chiroplasmonic assemblies: a macroscopic twisted layered structure comprising equivalent linear birefringence layers, approximate linear polarizer layers, and a precise angular offset between them.

A CD8 T cell related immune score predicts survival and refines the risk assessment in acute myeloid leukemia.

Although advancements in genomic and epigenetic research have deepened our understanding of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), only one-third of patients can achieve durable remission. Growing evidence suggests that the immune microenvironment in bone marrow influences prognosis and survival in AML. There is a specific association between CD8 T cells and the prognosis of AML patients.

Mutant U2AF1-Induced Mis-Splicing of mRNA Translation Genes Confers Resistance to Chemotherapy in Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Unlabelled: Patients with primary refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have a dismal long-term prognosis. Elucidating the resistance mechanisms to induction chemotherapy could help identify strategies to improve AML patient outcomes. Herein, we retrospectively analyzed the multiomics data of more than 1,500 AML cases and found that patients with spliceosome mutations had a higher risk of developing refractory disease.

Machine learning predictors of risk of death within 7 days in patients with non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage in the intensive care unit: A multicenter retrospective study.

Non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a critical neurosurgical emergency with a high mortality rate, imposing a significant burden on both society and families. Accurate prediction of the risk of death within 7 days in SAH patients can provide valuable information for clinicians, enabling them to make better-informed medical decisions. In this study, we developed six machine learning models using the MIMIC III database and data collected at our institution.

Helical-caging enables single-emitted large asymmetric full-color circularly polarized luminescence.

Colorful circularly polarized luminescence materials are desired for 3D displays, information security and asymmetric synthesis, in which single-emitted materials are ideal owing to self-absorption avoidance, evenly entire-visible-spectrum-covered photon emission and facile device fabrication. However, restricted by the synthesis of chiral broad-luminescent emitters, the realization and application of high-performing single-emitted full-color circularly polarized luminescence is in its infancy. Here, we disclose a single-emitted full-color circularly polarized luminescence system (spiral full-color emission generator), composed of whole-vis-spectrum emissive quantum dots and chiral liquid crystals.

Processable circularly polarized luminescence material enables flexible stereoscopic 3D imaging.

Endowing three-dimensional (3D) displays with flexibility drives innovation in the next-generation wearable and smart electronic technology. Printing circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) materials on stretchable panels gives the chance to build desired flexible stereoscopic displays: CPL provides unusual optical rotation characteristics to achieve the considerable contrast ratio and wide viewing angle. However, the lack of printable, intense circularly polarized optical materials suitable for flexible processing hinders the implementation of flexible 3D devices.

DB-DCAFN: dual-branch deformable cross-attention fusion network for bacterial segmentation.

Sputum smear tests are critical for the diagnosis of respiratory diseases. Automatic segmentation of bacteria from sputum smear images is important for improving diagnostic efficiency. However, this remains a challenging task owing to the high interclass similarity among different categories of bacteria and the low contrast of the bacterial edges.

Morphological characterization of nevi on the caruncle conjunctiva under confocal microscopy.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the microscopic structure and characteristics of nevi on the conjunctiva of the lacrimal caruncle by confocal microscopy.

Methods: In total, four patients with nevi growing on the lacrimal caruncle conjunctiva were recruited. The morphological characteristics of the nevi were evaluated by confocal microscopy before excision surgery; the results were compared with histopathological analyses of the surgical specimens.

Machine learning-based prediction of cerebral hemorrhage in patients with hemodialysis: A multicenter, retrospective study.

Background: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is one of the most serious complications in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing long-term hemodialysis. It has high mortality and disability rates and imposes a serious economic burden on the patient's family and society. An early prediction of ICH is essential for timely intervention and improving prognosis.

Nitrogen-doped carbon dots/Fe-based fluorescent probe for the "off-on" sensing of As(V) in seafood.

To better satisfy the application of rapid detection methods in the detection of As(V) in complex food substrates, we developed an "off-on" fluorescence assay to detect As(V) based on the competition between the electron transfer effect of nitrogen-doped carbon dots (N-CDs)/Fe and the complexation reaction of As(V)/Fe, using N-CDs/Fe as a fluorescence probe. Solid-phase extraction (SPE) was used to eliminate matrix interference during sample pretreatment. The detection limit was 7.

Distorted B/O-containing nanographenes with tunable optical properties.

We report the synthesis of two B/O-containing nanographenes, which feature the fusion of three or six planar B/O-heterocycles onto one hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene π-framework. Incorporation of the B/O-heterocycles not only leads to distorted geometries, but also modulates the electronic structures and results in gradually red-shifted absorptions and fluorescence.

Diradical B/N-Doped Polycyclic Hydrocarbons.

Heterocyclic diradicaloids with atom-precise control over open-shell nature are promising materials for organic electronics and spintronics. Herein, we disclose quinoidal π-extension of a B/N-heterocycle for generating B/N-type organic diradicaloids. Two quinoidal π-extended B/N-doped polycyclic hydrocarbons that feature fusion of the B/N-heterocycle motif with the antiaromatic s-indacene or dicyclopenta[b,g]naphthalene core were synthesized.

Canalicular laceration repair with a novel bicanalicular silicone tube.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of canalicular laceration repair using a novel bicanalicular silicone tube.

Methods: Retrospective and consecutive patients who underwent canalicular laceration repair using novel Runshi-RS bicanalicular silicone stents from January 2020 to February 2021 were included. The stent was placed for 3 months, and patients were followed up for more than 3 months after extubation.

Interaction between electrical storm and left ventricular ejection fraction as predictors of mortality in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillator: A Chinese cohort study.

Aims: To determine the interaction of electrical storm (ES) and impaired left ventircular ejection fraction (LVEF) on the mortality risk of patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD).

Methods And Results: A total of 554 Chinese ICD recipients from 2010 to 2014 were retrospectively included and the mean follow-up was 58 months. The proportions of dilated cardiomyopathy and the hypertrophic cardiomyopathy were 26.

Large-Scale In Vitro and In Vivo CRISPR-Cas9 Knockout Screens Identify a 16-Gene Fitness Score for Improved Risk Assessment in Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Purpose: The molecular complexity of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) presents a considerable challenge to implementation of clinical genetic testing for accurate risk stratification. Identification of better biomarkers therefore remains a high priority to enable improving established stratification and guiding risk-adapted therapy decisions.

Experimental Design: We systematically integrated and analyzed the genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 data from more than 1,000 in vitro and in vivo knockout screens to identify the AML-specific fitness genes.

Implantable device measured objective daily physical activity as a predictor of long-term all-cause mortality and cardiac death in patients with age > 75 years and high risk of sudden cardiac death: a cohort study : Physical activity and patients over 75 years old.

Background: To study the relationship between objective daily physical activity (PA), as measured by implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs)/cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillators (CRTDs), and long-term prognoses in patients with age > 75 years at high risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD).

Methods: In total, 133 patients with age > 75 years old (age 79.52 ± 3.

Pretarsal orbicularis oculi muscle tightening with skin flap excision in the treatment of lower eyelid involutional entropion.

Background: To evaluate a modified technique for involutional entropion correction in a retrospective cohort study.

Methods: The patients with involutional entropion eyelid were corrected by tightening the pretarsal orbicularis oculi muscle and excising the excess skin of the lower eyelid. The patients received correction surgery from April 2013 to March 2019 were followed up for more than 6 months postoperatively.

Trametinib enhances ATRA-induced differentiation in AML cells.

All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is only clinically useful in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), but not other subtypes of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In the present study, a clinically achievable concentration of trametinib, a highly selective inhibitor of MEK, enhanced ATRA-induced differentiation in AML cell lines, HL-60 and U937 as well as AML primary cells. Moreover, trametinib-ATRA (tra-ATRA) co-treatment restored ATRA sensitivity in ATRA-resistant AML cell line, HL-60Res.