Evolving Nonphosphorylative Metabolism for Improving Production of 2-Oxoglutarate Derivatives.

The bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass into value-added products provides an alternative solution to environmental and economic challenges. Nonphosphorylative metabolism can convert pentoses and d-galacturonate into 2-oxoglutarate (2-KG) in a few steps, facilitating the production of 2-KG derivatives. However, the efficiency of the Weimberg pathway from , a type of nonphosphorylative metabolism, is constrained by the low activity of CcXylX, 2-keto-3-deoxy-d-xylonate dehydratase.

The association between triglyceride-glucose index and gallstones: NHANES 2017-2020.

Objects: It remains unclear whether the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index has correlations with gallstones. This study aimed to investigate the association between TyG index and gallstones.

Methods: Data was obtained from the 2017-2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Metal Ion Modulated Electron Transfer in Metalloviologen Compounds: Photochromism and Differentiable Amine Detection.

Different types of electron transfers (ETs) underlie the versatile use of various solid viologen-derived compounds, which is still insufficiently understood and difficult to control. Here, we demonstrate an effective strategy for modulating the key ET process in crystalline metalloviologen compounds (MVCs). By adjusting the coordinated transition metal ions bearing different electronic structures (e.

Systematic engineering enables efficient biosynthesis of L-phenylalanine in E. coli from inexpensive aromatic precursors.

Background: L-phenylalanine is an essential amino acid with various promising applications. The microbial pathway for L-phenylalanine synthesis from glucose in wild strains involves lengthy steps and stringent feedback regulation that limits the production yield. It is attractive to find other candidates, which could be used to establish a succinct and cost-effective pathway for L-phenylalanine production.

A computational investigation into the impact resistance of a precise finite element model derived from micro-CT data of a woodpecker's head.

Numerical investigation into the impact-resistance of complex biological organs remains challenging because of the difficulties in obtaining accurate models and precise material properties. In this work, the elegance of a woodpecker's head, including a slender hyoid connected by a spherical hinge and two revolute hinges, a long upper beak, a short lower beak, and an encephalocoele filled with viscoelastic brain substances, was obtained via a reaction-diffusion based imaging process on the micro-CT data. The material heterogeneity was fully considered in subsequent finite element analysis in LS-Dyna via categorizing the intensity into 53 groups and interpolating their properties from available data of rhamphotheca, hyoid, skull, and beak.

Development and characterization of an edible chitosan-whey protein nano composite film for chestnut (Castanea mollissima Bl.) preservation.

Chitosan (CHI) and whey protein are usually used to prepare edible films for food preservation. However, the composite film composed of the two components does not yield satisfactory properties for chestnut preservation. In this study, nano-cellulose and cinnamaldehyde (CMA) were added to CHI and whey protein, creating a new composite film with strong water retention, bacteriostatic, and mechanical properties.

Novel Negative Poisson's Ratio Lattice Structures with Enhanced Stiffness and Energy Absorption Capacity.

The weak stiffness and strength of materials with negative Poisson's ratio limits their application. In this paper, three types of novel lattices with negative Poisson's ratio are proposed to improve not only stiffness and strength but also energy absorption capacity by embedding different ribs into a classic re-entrant structure. Unit cell analyses show these novel lattices have significantly increased Young's modulus along the loading direction, and Type C can maintain sufficient negative Poisson's ratio performance compared with the base lattice.