Endoscopic endonasal pituitary transposition trans-tuber-cinereum for resection of the third ventricle craniopharyngioma.

Endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) to craniopharyngioma has been widely used in the last decade. However, intrinsic third ventricle craniopharyngioma is still a difficult type for EEA. Endoscopic endonasal suprachiasmatic trans-lamina terminalis approach is an alternative solution.

Factors influencing clinical decision-making and health-related quality of life changes in colorectal cancer patients receiving targeted therapy: a multicenter study in China.

Objectives: The aim of this paper is to assess the current clinical application of targeted therapy in colorectal cancer (CRC), identify factors influencing patients' acceptance of targeted therapy, and evaluate its impact of targeted therapy on patients' health-related quality of life (HRQoL).

Methods: This study was based on a national multi-center survey. From March 2020 to March 2021, involved 19 tertiary hospitals across seven regions in China through multi-stage stratified sampling.

Human health risks of heavy metals in water and vegetables: a deterministic and probabilistic study in Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan.

There is a growing global concern about the presence of heavy metals in the environment due to their detrimental effects on human health. These metals are eminent poisons with carcinogenic features that can harm organs such as brain, kidney, lungs, etc. This study investigated the human health risks associated with toxic metals such as lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), and copper (Cu) in drinking water and vegetable sources from Northern Areas, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan.

Changes in Protein Metabolism and Early Development of Sarcopenia in Mice With Cholestatic Liver Disease.

Background: Sarcopenia is a frequent complication of liver cirrhosis. Here, we chose a mouse model of cholestatic liver disease (CLD) to gain mechanistic insights into the development of sarcopenia from the earliest stages of chronic liver injury. Particular attention was paid to protein metabolism, metabolite profiles, and mediators of CLD-induced muscle wasting.

Pure endoscopic presigmoid infralabyrinthine approach for jugular foramen tumors: Operative technique and early results.

Background: Jugular foramen (JF) tumors are uncommon, often requiring surgical resection due to their complex anatomical location and varied growth patterns, particularly when intraosseous.

Objective: We propose the pure endoscopic presigmoid infralabyrinthine approach (EPSIL) as a minimally invasive technique for lateral JF access during tumor resection, circumventing the need for extensive exposure of vital structures and jugular vein sacrifice.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on six patients who underwent EPSIL for JF tumor resection since 2020.

Nicotinamide Riboside and CD38: Covalent Inhibition and Live-Cell Labeling.

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is required for a myriad of metabolic, signaling, and post-translational events in cells. Its levels in tissues and organs are closely associated with health conditions. The homeostasis of NAD is regulated by biosynthetic pathways and consuming enzymes.

Regulation of tumor antigens-Dependent immunotherapy via the hybrid M1 macrophage/tumor lysates Hydrogel.

Tumor treatment poses a significant obstacle in contemporary healthcare. Using components derived from a patient's own cellular and tissue materials to prepare hydrogels and other therapeutic systems has become a novel therapeutic approach, drawing considerable interest for their applicability in basic research on cancer immunotherapy. These hydrogels can engage with cellular components directly and offer a supportive scaffold, aiding in the normalization of tumor tissues.

Causal effects of gut microbiota, metabolites, immune cells, liposomes, and inflammatory proteins on anorexia nervosa: A mediation joint multi-omics Mendelian randomization analysis.

Background: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a significant psychological disorder influenced by environmental and genetic elements. Emerging research highlights the pivotal role of the gut microbiome in the development of diverse mental health conditions. This study aims to explore the causal effects and interactions of the gut microbiome, metabolites, immune cells, lipids, and inflammatory proteins on the risk of anorexia nervosa through mediation and multi-omics Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis.

Phosphoproteomic analysis reveals CDK5-Mediated phosphorylation of MTDH inhibits protein synthesis in microglia.

CDK5 plays a crucial role in maintaining normal central nervous system (CNS) development and synaptic function, while microglia are the primary immune cells present in the CNS and play vital physiological roles in CNS development, immune surveillance, and regulation of synaptic plasticity. Despite this, our understanding of both the substrate proteins and functional mechanisms of CDK5 in microglia remains limited. To address this, we utilized CRISPR-Cas9 knockout of Cdk5 in BV2 cells and conducted quantitative phosphoproteomics analysis to systematically screen potential CDK5 substrates in microglia.

Adipocyte maturation impacts daunorubicin disposition and metabolism.

Introduction: Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) is the most common type of childhood leukaemia with effective chemotherapeutic treatment. However, obesity has been associated with higher ALL chemoresistance rates and lower event-free survival rates. The molecular mechanism of how obesity promotes chemotherapy resistance is not well delineated.

DNA damage response-related ncRNAs as regulators of therapy resistance in cancer.

The DNA damage repair (DDR) pathway is a complex signaling cascade that can sense DNA damage and trigger cellular responses to DNA damage to maintain genome stability and integrity. A typical hallmark of cancer is genomic instability or nonintegrity, which is closely related to the accumulation of DNA damage within cancer cells. The treatment principles of radiotherapy and chemotherapy for cancer are based on their cytotoxic effects on DNA damage, which are accompanied by severe and unnecessary side effects on normal tissues, including dysregulation of the DDR and induced therapeutic tolerance.

Localized nitride strategy to construct interfacial and electronic modulated WO/WN nanoparticles for superior lithium-ion storage.

The interfacial effect is important for the tungsten trioxide (WO)-based anode to achieve superior lithium-ion storage performance. Herein, the interfacial effect was constructed by in-situ surface direct nitridation reaction at 600 ℃ for 30 min of the as-synthesis WO nanoparticles (WO/WN). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis confirms evident chemical interaction between WO and WN via the interfacial covalent bond (WON).

Preparation of an Antibacterial Branched Polyamide 6 via Hydrolytic Ring-Opening Co-Polymerization of ε-Caprolactam and Lysine Derivative.

In this study, we successfully realized the hydrolytic ring-opening co-polymerization of ε-caprolactam (CPL) and lysine derivative. A novel antibacterial modified polyamide 6 with a branched structure was obtained after the quaternization of the co-polymers. The co-polymers exhibited a significant increase in zero shear viscosity, melt index and storage modulus at the low frequency region.

SDS3 regulates microglial inflammation by modulating the expression of the upstream kinase ASK1 in the p38 MAPK signaling pathway.

Background: Microglia, the main innate immune cells in the central nervous system, are key drivers of neuroinflammation, which plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. The Sin3/histone deacetylase (HDAC) complex, a highly conserved multiprotein co-repressor complex, primarily performs transcriptional repression via deacetylase activity; however, the function of SDS3, which maintains the integrity of the complex, in microglia remains unclear.

Methods: To uncover the regulatory role of the transcriptional co-repressor SDS3 in microglial inflammation, we used chromatin immunoprecipitation to identify SDS3 target genes and combined with transcriptomics and proteomics analysis to explore expression changes in cells following SDS3 knocking down.

Polygenic risk score of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease amplifies the health impact on severe liver disease and metabolism-related outcomes.

Background: Although the inherited risk factors associated with fatty liver disease are well understood, little is known about the genetic background of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and its related health impacts. Compared to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), MASLD presents significantly distinct diagnostic criteria, and epidemiological and clinical features, but the related genetic variants are yet to be investigated. Therefore, we conducted this study to assess the genetic background of MASLD and interactions between MASLD-related genetic variants and metabolism-related outcomes.

Multimodal Machine Learning-Based Marker Enables Early Detection and Prognosis Prediction for Hyperuricemia.

Hyperuricemia (HUA) has emerged as the second most prevalent metabolic disorder characterized by prolonged and asymptomatic period, triggering gout and metabolism-related outcomes. Early detection and prognosis prediction for HUA and gout are crucial for pre-emptive interventions. Integrating genetic and clinical data from 421287 UK Biobank and 8900 Nanfang Hospital participants, a stacked multimodal machine learning model is developed and validated to synthesize its probabilities as an in-silico quantitative marker for hyperuricemia (ISHUA).

Preparation of a Novel Branched Polyamide 6 (PA6) via Co-Polymerization of ε-Caprolactam and α-Amino-ε-Caprolactam.

In this study, a novel branched polyamide 6 has been synthesized via the hydrolytic ring-opening co-polymerization of ε-caprolactam (CPL) and α-Amino-ε-caprolactam (ACL). The NMR characterization proves the existence of a branched chain structure. The rheological test determines that there is a remarkable increase in the melt index (MFR), zero shear rate viscosity, and storage modulus in the low-frequency region.

Meta-Analyses of Methionine Source Concept Validation Trials in Broilers.

While the supplementation of methionine (Met) sources in broiler feeds has been established for several decades, there is debate on the nutritional value of the methionine hydroxy analogue of methionine (MHA) relative to DL-Met. Based on a recommendation suggesting that MHA is 65% as effective as DL-Met, many feeding trials have been conducted to challenge this recommendation. A literature search found 25 publications contributing 95 data sets suitable to compute Hedges' g effect sizes used in the meta-analysis.

Bose-Einstein Condensation by Polarization Gradient Laser Cooling.

Attempts to create quantum degenerate gases without evaporative cooling have been pursued since the early days of laser cooling, with the consensus that polarization gradient cooling (PGC, also known as "optical molasses") alone cannot reach condensation. In the present work, we report that simple PGC can generate a small Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) inside a corrugated micrometer-sized optical dipole trap. The experimental parameters enabling BEC creation were found by machine learning, which increased the atom number by a factor of 5 and decreased the temperature by a factor of 2.

Multifunctional elastomeric composites based on 3D graphene porous materials.

3D graphene porous materials (3GPM), which have low density, large porosity, excellent compressibility, high conductivity, hold huge promise for a wide range of applications. Nevertheless, most 3GPM have brittle and weak network structures, which limits their widespread use. Therefore, the preparation of a robust and elastic graphene porous network is critical for the functionalization of 3GPM.