Ethanol suppresses rice seed germination through inhibiting ROS signaling.

Ethanol is frequently used not only as priming but also as a solvent to dissolve hardly water-soluble phytohormones gibberellic acid (GA) and abscisic acid (ABA) in seed germination. However, the molecular and physiological mechanisms of ethanol's impact on seed germination remain elusive. In this report, we investigated how ethanol affected reactive oxygen species (ROS) during rice seed germination.