Stacking-Dependent Correlated Gap and Kondo Peak in the Heterophase Bilayer with Picometer-Level Interlayer Shift.

Two-dimensional heterojunctions provide a versatile platform for exploring various quantum properties. Here, we create bilayer 1T/2H-NbSe heterophase junctions and realize two types of stacking configurations with picometer-level lattice shifts. By high-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy, we found that the electronic states are highly dependent on the stacking configurations of the 1T layer on the 2H one.

Tumour-intrinsic PDL1 signals regulate the Chk2 DNA damage response in cancer cells and mediate resistance to Chk1 inhibitors.

Background: Aside from the canonical role of PDL1 as a tumour surface-expressed immune checkpoint molecule, tumour-intrinsic PDL1 signals regulate non-canonical immunopathological pathways mediating treatment resistance whose significance, mechanisms, and therapeutic targeting remain incompletely understood. Recent reports implicate tumour-intrinsic PDL1 signals in the DNA damage response (DDR), including promoting homologous recombination DNA damage repair and mRNA stability of DDR proteins, but many mechanistic details remain undefined.

Methods: We genetically depleted PDL1 from transplantable mouse and human cancer cell lines to understand consequences of tumour-intrinsic PDL1 signals in the DNA damage response.

Associations Between Brain Metabolites Measured With MR Spectroscopy and Head Impacts in High School American Football Athletes.

Background: While changes in brain metabolites after injury have been reported, relationships between metabolite changes and head impacts are less characterized.

Purpose: To investigate alterations in neurochemistry in high school athletes as a function of head impacts, concussion, and the use of a jugular vein compression (JVC) collar.

Study Type: Prospective controlled trial.

The Droplet Creeping-Sliding Dynamic Wetting Mechanism on Bionic Self-Cleaning Surfaces.

The dynamic wetting behavior of droplets has been of wide concern due to the hazards of accretion/icing of supercooled droplets on engineering components/systems served in low temperature freezing rain environment; thus, it is urgent to establish the relationship between droplet depinning/removing behaviors and surface characteristics. In this article, the actual rotation conditions of moving components such as wind turbine blades are simulated. The self-cleaning hydrophobic coating surface(S1) and bionic superhydrophobic coating surface(S2) show outstanding droplet removal performance compared to hydrophilic bare steel surface(S0), and the average speed of the droplet removal is increased by 400-500%.

Older people's experiences of hospitalization for surgical intervention for hip fracture: A systematic review.

Background: Hip fracture always requires hospitalization with high cost, which cause the complicated experiences and feelings.

Objective: To inform pre- and in-hospital communication practices between healthcare professionals and patients through a systematic review and qualitative research that synthesizes the experiences and feelings of older patients with hip fracture during the perioperative period.

Methods: We searched the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, and three Chinese databases for relevant studies.

An Update on MR Spectroscopy in Cancer Management: Advances in Instrumentation, Acquisition, and Analysis.

MR spectroscopy (MRS) is a noninvasive imaging method enabling chemical and molecular profiling of tissues in a localized, multiplexed, and nonionizing manner. As metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer, MRS provides valuable metabolic and molecular information for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, treatment monitoring, and patient management. This review provides an update on the use of MRS for clinical cancer management.

PELP1 inhibition by SMIP34 reduces endometrial cancer progression via attenuation of ribosomal biogenesis.

Endometrial carcinoma (ECa) is the fourth most common cancer among women. The oncogene PELP1 is frequently overexpressed in a variety of cancers, including ECa. We recently generated SMIP34, a small-molecule inhibitor of PELP1 that suppresses PELP1 oncogenic signaling.

Pharmacological inhibition of KDM1A/LSD1 enhances estrogen receptor beta-mediated tumor suppression in ovarian cancer.

Ovarian cancer (OCa) is the most lethal gynecologic cancer. Emerging data indicates that estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) functions as a tumor suppressor in OCa. Lysine-specific histone demethylase 1A (KDM1A) is an epigenetic modifier that acts as a coregulator for steroid hormone receptors.

Targeting PELP1 oncogenic signaling in TNBC with the small molecule inhibitor SMIP34.

Purpose: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer. Oncogenic PELP1 is frequently overexpressed in TNBC, and it has been demonstrated that PELP1 signaling is essential for TNBC progression. The therapeutic utility of targeting PELP1 in TNBC, however, remains unknown.

Key factors influencing sensory quality of scenic waters and its improvement by constructed wetlands.

Sensory quality is very important for scenic waters. It's necessary to find out the key factors influencing sensory quality of scenic waters and then take corresponding measures to improve it. In this study, transparency, turbidity and surface chroma were chosen as the main sensory quality indexes whose key influencing factors were analyzed by structural equation model (SEM).

Methods to detect and characterize introgression.

Introgression, also known as introgressive hybridization, refers to the process that genetic components from the gene pool of one population transfer to the other via constant backcrossing. Introgression is widespread in nature, which plays important roles in increasing genetic diversity and improving adaptability to the environment, and in turn, influences the evolutionary progress of animals, plants and humans. Being as an important evolutionary event, researchers pay great attention to the detection of introgression, the introgression direction, the introgression timing, the pattern of introgression and so on.

Inhibition of LIFR Blocks Adiposity-Driven Endometrioid Endometrial Cancer Growth.

Endometrial cancer (EC) is the fourth most common cancer in women, and half of the endometrioid EC (EEC) cases are attributable to obesity. However, the underlying mechanism(s) of obesity-driven EEC remain(s) unclear. In this study, we examined whether LIF signaling plays a role in the obesity-driven progression of EEC.

Demographic reporting across a decade of neuroimaging: a systematic review.

Diversity of participants in biomedical research with respect to race, ethnicity, and biological sex is crucial, particularly given differences in disease prevalence, recovery, and survival rates between demographic groups. The objective of this systematic review was to report on the demographics of neuroimaging studies using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The Web of Science database was used and data collection was performed between June 2021 to November 2021; all articles were reviewed independently by at least two researchers.

A First-in-Class Inhibitor of ER Coregulator PELP1 Targets ER+ Breast Cancer.

Unlabelled: Most patients with estrogen receptor alpha-positive (ER+) breast cancers initially respond to treatment but eventually develop therapy resistance with disease progression. Overexpression of oncogenic ER coregulators, including proline, glutamic acid, and leucine-rich protein 1 (PELP1), are implicated in breast cancer progression. The lack of small molecules that inhibits PELP1 represents a major knowledge gap.

Targeting LIPA independent of its lipase activity is a therapeutic strategy in solid tumors via induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has a poor clinical outcome, due to a lack of actionable therapeutic targets. Herein we define lysosomal acid lipase A (LIPA) as a viable molecular target in TNBC and identify a stereospecific small molecule (ERX-41) that binds LIPA. ERX-41 induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress resulting in cell death, and this effect is on target as evidenced by specific LIPA mutations providing resistance.

SETDB1 interactions with PELP1 contributes to breast cancer endocrine therapy resistance.

Background: Methyltransferase SETDB1 is highly expressed in breast cancer (BC), however, the mechanisms by which SETDB1 promotes BC progression to endocrine therapy resistance remains elusive. In this study, we examined the mechanisms by which SETDB1 contribute to BC endocrine therapy resistance.

Methods: We utilized therapy sensitive (MCF7 and ZR75), therapy resistant (MCF7-TamR, MCF7-FR, MCF7-PELP1cyto, MCF7-SETDB1) estrogen receptor alpha positive (ER)BC models and conducted in vitro cell viability, colony formation, 3-dimensional cell growth assays to investigate the role of SETDB1 in endocrine resistance.

Genome-wide analysis suggests multiple domestication events of Chinese local pigs.

Chinese local pigs have abundant phenotypes as a result of different cultures and habits of Chinese populations, geographic constraints and the long history of pig domestication. A comprehensive investigation of local Chinese pigs will benefit biodiversity research and future breeding practices. However, their classification and demographic history are not yet clear.

Global Genomic and Proteomic Analysis Identified Critical Pathways Modulated by Proto-Oncogene PELP1 in TNBC.

The PELP1 oncogene is commonly overexpressed in many cancers, including triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, the mechanisms by which PELP1 contributes to TNBC progression are not well understood. To elucidate these mechanisms, we generated CRISPR-Cas9 mediated PELP1 knockout TNBC cell lines, and alterations in the proteome were examined using global data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry (DIA-MS).

The suitable biomass carbon source for improving nitrogen removal in surface flow constructed wetland system: Fresh vs. withered.

Plant biomass can be used as a carbon source to enhance the nitrogen removal effect. Related researches mainly focused on withered biomass, while little on fresh biomass. In this study, batch experiments revealed that the carbon release rate (60.

Nuclei Detection for 3D Microscopy With a Fully Convolutional Regression Network.

Advances in three-dimensional microscopy and tissue clearing are enabling whole-organ imaging with single-cell resolution. Fast and reliable image processing tools are needed to analyze the resulting image volumes, including automated cell detection, cell counting and cell analytics. Deep learning approaches have shown promising results in two- and three-dimensional nuclei detection tasks, however detecting overlapping or non-spherical nuclei of different sizes and shapes in the presence of a blurring point spread function remains challenging and often leads to incorrect nuclei merging and splitting.

LIFR inhibition enhances the therapeutic efficacy of HDAC inhibitors in triple negative breast cancer.

Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) are identified as novel therapeutic agents, however, recent clinical studies suggested that they are marginally effective in treating triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Here, we show that first-in-class Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Receptor (LIFRα) inhibitor EC359 could enhance the therapeutic efficacy of HDACi against TNBC. We observed that both targeted knockdown of LIFR with CRISPR or treatment with EC359 enhanced the potency of four different HDACi in reducing cell viability, cell survival, and enhanced apoptosis compared to monotherapy in TNBC cells.

Histone deacetylase inhibitors enhance estrogen receptor beta expression and augment agonist-mediated tumor suppression in glioblastoma.

Background: Glioblastomas (GBMs) are the most lethal primary brain tumors. Estrogen receptor β (ERβ) function as a tumor suppressor in GBM, however, ERβ expression is commonly suppressed during glioma progression. In this study, we examined whether drugs that reverse epigenetic modifications will enhance ERβ expression and augment ERβ agonist-mediated tumor suppression.

LIF/LIFR oncogenic signaling is a novel therapeutic target in endometrial cancer.

Endometrial cancer (EC) is the fourth most common cancer in women. Advanced-stage EC has limited treatment options with a poor prognosis. There is an unmet need for the identification of actionable drivers for the development of targeted therapies in EC.

Identification of a Novel Transcription Factor Prognostic Index for Breast Cancer.

Transcription factors (TFs) are the mainstay of cancer and have a widely reported influence on the initiation, progression, invasion, metastasis, and therapy resistance of cancer. However, the prognostic values of TFs in breast cancer (BC) remained unknown. In this study, comprehensive bioinformatics analysis was conducted with data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database.