Construction of Discrete Element Constitutive Relationship and Simulation of Fracture Performance of Quasi-Brittle Materials.

In order to solve the problem that the built-in parallel bond model in the discrete element software cannot adequately simulate the post-peak fracture behavior of quasi-brittle materials, a linear cohesive model was established. First, two particles are used to simulate the interface constitutive behavior in different modes. The results show that the new model can better simulate the behavior of Mode-I fracture, Mode-II fracture, and Mixed-mode fracture.

Melamine impairs working memory and reduces prefrontal activity associated with inhibition of AMPA receptor GluR2/3 subunit expression.

Recent studies have reported that melamine can accumulate in several regions of the brain including the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Although melamine accumulation in the hippocampus has been verified to induce cognitive impairments, whether it can cause mPFC-dependent working memory deficits is still unknown. After chronic treatment with melamine (150 (Mel(150)) or 300 (Mel(300)) mg/kg), rats were tested during both delay nonmatching-to-sample spatial and odor discrimination tasks.

Chronic Cyanuric Acid Exposure Depresses Hippocampal LTP but Does Not Disrupt Spatial Learning or Memory in the Morris Water Maze.

Exposure to cyanuric acid (CA) causes multiple organ failure accompanied by the involvement in kinds of target proteins, which are detectable and play central roles in the CNS. The hippocampus has been identified as a brain area which was especially vulnerable in developmental condition associated with cognitive dysfunction. No studies have examined the effects of CA on hippocampal function after in vitro or in vivo treatment.

Synthesis of illite/iron nanoparticles and their application as an adsorbent of lead ions.

Illite/iron nanoparticles (I-nZVI) with different iron contents were synthesized using a liquid-phase reduction method to remove Pb(II) from aqueous solution. The adsorbents were characterized by Lorentz transmission electron microscopy (L-TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and the BET-N technique. The composite adsorbents and illite removed Pb(II) from aqueous solution to explore the effect of different reaction conditions, including contact time, concentration, pH, and temperature.