Circulating irisin levels in patients with sarcopenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: During the aging process, a decrease in irisin levels is associated with numerous bone and muscle diseases. This study aims to provide evidence of circulating irisin levels in patients with sarcopenia.

Methods: This systematic review was conducted based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) standard and the recommendations of the Cochrane Collaboration.

The unique presentation of the relationship between red blood cell folate and appendicular skeletal muscle mass: a cross-sectional study.

The overconsumption of folic acid has been associated with deleterious health effects; however, the extant body of research on this matter remains controversial. The principal objective of our investigation was to scrutinize the correlation between red blood cell (RBC) folate levels and appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) among adult individuals. A total of 4117 adults aged over 20 years were included.

Olfactory training: perspective from people who were disturbed by their smell problems.

Purpose: Olfactory training (OT) is an effective and affordable option in the treatment of olfactory dysfunction. Despite significant progress in the field in recent years, some factors influencing OT participation remain unclear.

Methods: Based on an anonymous online survey orchestrated by AbScent.

[Evaluating the dietary quality of 454 rural elderly aged 65 years and above in Luzhou City in 2023].

Objective: To evaluate the dietary quality of the rural elderly aged 65 years and above.

Methods: In February-March 2023, a convenience sampling method was adopted to select 454 rural elderly aged 65 years and above in a township of Luzhou City. The dietary survey was conducted using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire(FFQ-25), and the questionnaire information was collected by face-to-face interviews.

Patients with parosmia respond faster to unpleasant odors than patients with hyposmia: Insights from olfactory event-related potentials.

Background: Diagnosing parosmia is a challenge. The present study aimed to explore the distinctions between hyposmic patients with and without parosmia utilizing electroencephalography-derived olfactory event-related potentials (ERP).

Methods: Forty-four patients with hyposmia were enrolled and divided into a group with parosmia (n = 23, mean age ± standard deviation = 48 ± 14 years, seven men) and a group without parosmia (n = 21, age = 52 ± 12 years, seven men) based on the clinical interview.

Olfactory training: effects of multisensory integration, attention towards odors and physical activity.

Olfactory training (OT) has been shown to be of value in the treatment of olfactory dysfunction. The present study aimed to investigate whether the efficacy of OT could be modulated with multisensory integration, attention towards odors, odor complexity, or physical activity assessed with a questionnaire. One hundred healthy participants were recruited and divided into 4 groups.

Relationship of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels with Sarcopenia and Body Composition in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Paired Case-Control Study.

Objectives: Sarcopenia is a leading health problem among older adults. However, few studies have explored the relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels, sarcopenia, and body composition in older Chinese individuals. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of serum 25(OH)D levels with sarcopenia, sarcopenia indices, and body composition in community-dwelling older Chinese adults.

The Association Between Depth of the Olfactory Sulcus, Age, Gender and Olfactory Function: An MRI-based Investigation in More Than 1000 Participants.

Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between olfactory sulcus (OS) depth and olfactory function considering age and gender and to provide normative data on OS depth in a population with normal olfactory function.

Materials And Methods: OS depth was obtained using T1 magnetic resonance imaging scans. Participants (mean age ± sd = 57 ± 16 years, ranging from 20 to 80 years) were screened for olfactory function using the Sniffin' Sticks Screening 12 test.

Odour identification impairment is a trait but not a disease-specific marker for bipolar disorders: Comparisons of bipolar disorder with different episodes, major depressive disorder and schizophrenia.

Objective: Olfactory deficits have been reported in bipolar disorder, but this finding is controversial. This study investigated whether olfactory deficit can serve as a specific marker for bipolar disorder by comparing olfactory function in different mood episodes of bipolar disorder. We also compared olfactory function in bipolar disorder and other mental disorders - namely, major depressive disorder and schizophrenia.

Olfactory identification impairment in early-and late-onset obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Background: Early-onset obsessive-compulsive disorder (EOCD) is a comparatively severe subtype of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Olfactory dysfunction is a common symptom of OCD, but all previous studies have focused on late-onset OCD (LOCD).

Methods: The current study compared olfactory identification ability in EOCD patients and age-matched and sex-matched LOCD patients and healthy controls.

Early-Onset Schizophrenia Showed Similar but More Severe Olfactory Identification Impairment Than Adult-Onset Schizophrenia.

Background: "Early-onset schizophrenia" (EOS) is defined as disease with onset before the age of 18 years. This subset of schizophrenia exhibits worse cognitive function and carries a worse prognosis than adult-onset schizophrenia (AOS). Olfactory impairment has been found in patients with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders.

Chemosensory Anhedonia in Patients With Schizophrenia and Individuals With Schizotypy: A Questionnaire Study.

Anhedonia, the loss or decline of the ability to enjoy pleasure, is an important clinical characteristic of schizophrenia. Schizotypal traits refer to the appearance of subclinical symptoms of schizophrenia across normal people. Still, few studies have investigated chemosensory anhedonia in schizophrenia patients and schizotypy individuals.

Olfaction is a Marker of Severity but Not Diagnosis in Anorexia Nervosa: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Researchers have examined if olfaction is a sensitive biomarker of anorexia nervosa, but considerable heterogeneity across studies makes it difficult to reach a consensus. This review and meta-analysis sought to clarify if olfaction is altered in individuals with anorexia nervosa and explore potential moderators of olfaction in this population. We performed quantitative and qualitative analyses of olfactory function in individuals with anorexia nervosa compared with healthy controls.

[Hedgehog signaling pathway and osteoporosis].

Hedgehog signaling pathway is a conserved and important signaling pathway involved in proliferation and differentiation of many types of cells. Latest studies have found that Hedgehog signaling pathway may induce MSCs osteoblast differentiation by increasing the expression of the Runx2 and Osx and inhibit MSCs differentiate to adipocyte. Hedgehog signaling pathway may also promote osteoblast proliferation by regulating cyclin.