US-based Sequential Algorithm Integrating an AI Model for Advanced Liver Fibrosis Screening.

Background Noninvasive tests can be used to screen patients with chronic liver disease for advanced liver fibrosis; however, the use of single tests may not be adequate. Purpose To construct sequential clinical algorithms that include a US deep learning (DL) model and compare their ability to predict advanced liver fibrosis with that of other noninvasive tests. Materials and Methods This retrospective study included adult patients with a history of chronic liver disease or unexplained abnormal liver function test results who underwent B-mode US of the liver between January 2014 and September 2022 at three health care facilities.

Collaborative Enhancement of Consistency and Accuracy in US Diagnosis of Thyroid Nodules Using Large Language Models.

Background Large language models (LLMs) hold substantial promise for medical imaging interpretation. However, there is a lack of studies on their feasibility in handling reasoning questions associated with medical diagnosis. Purpose To investigate the viability of leveraging three publicly available LLMs to enhance consistency and diagnostic accuracy in medical imaging based on standardized reporting, with pathology as the reference standard.

The AP2/ERF transcription factor TOE4b regulates photoperiodic flowering and grain yield per plant in soybean.

Photoperiod-mediated flowering determines the phenological adaptability of crops including soybean (Glycine max). A genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified a new flowering time locus, Time of flowering 13 (Tof13), which defined a gene encoding an AP2/ERF transcription factor. This new transcription factor, which we named TOE4b, is localized in the nucleus.

Value of Multimodal Data From Clinical and Sonographic Parameters in Predicting Recurrence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Curative Treatment.

Objective: The objective of the work described here was to assess the value of the combination of pre-operative multimodal data-including clinical data, contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) information and liver stiffness measurement (LSM) based on 2-D shear wave elastography (SWE)-in predicting early (within 1 y) and late (after 1 y) recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after curative treatment.

Methods: We retrospectively included 101 patients with HCC who met the Milan criteria and received curative treatment. The multimodel data from clinical parameters, LSM by 2-D SWE and CEUS enhancement patterns were collected.

Natural variation of FKF1 controls flowering and adaptation during soybean domestication and improvement.

Soybean (Glycine max) is a major source of protein and edible oil world-wide and is cultivated in a wide range of latitudes. However, it is extremely sensitive to photoperiod, which influences flowering time, maturity, and yield, and severely limits soybean latitude adaptation. In this study, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified a novel locus in accessions harboring the E1 allele, called Time of flowering 8 (Tof8), which promotes flowering and enhances adaptation to high latitude in cultivated soybean.

Expansion Dynamics of a Shell-Shaped Bose-Einstein Condensate.

We report the creation of a shell BEC in the presence of Earth's gravity with immiscible dual-species BECs of sodium and rubidium atoms. After minimizing the displacement between the centers of mass of the two BECs with a magic-wavelength optical dipole trap, the interspecies repulsive interaction ensures the formation of a closed shell of sodium atoms with its center filled by rubidium atoms. Releasing the double BEC together from the trap, we observe explosion of the filled shell accompanied by energy transfer from the inner BEC to the shell BEC.

Performance and comparison of artificial intelligence and human experts in the detection and classification of colonic polyps.

Objective: The main aim of this study was to analyze the performance of different artificial intelligence (AI) models in endoscopic colonic polyp detection and classification and compare them with doctors with different experience.

Methods: We searched the studies on Colonoscopy, Colonic Polyps, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and Deep Learning published before May 2020 in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, and the citation index of the conference proceedings. The quality of studies was assessed using the QUADAS-2 table of diagnostic test quality evaluation criteria.

GIGANTEA orthologs, E2 members, redundantly determine photoperiodic flowering and yield in soybean.

Soybean (Glycine max L.) is a typical photoperiod-sensitive crop, such that photoperiod determines its flowering time, maturity, grain yield, and phenological adaptability. During evolution, the soybean genome has undergone two duplication events, resulting in about 75% of all genes being represented by multiple copies, which is associated with rampant gene redundancy.

[Neuropsychological development of human immunodeficiency virus-exposed uninfected infants/young children].

Objectives: To investigate the level of neuropsychological development in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-exposed uninfected (HEU) infants/young children and the influence of maternal HIV infection on the neuropsychological development of HEU infants/young children.

Methods: A total of 141 HEU infants/young children, aged 0-18 months and born to HIV-infected mothers, who were managed in four maternal and child health care hospitals in Yunnan Province of China from June 2019 to December 2020 and met the inclusion criteria were enrolled as the HEU group. A total of 141 HIV-unexposed uninfected (HUU) infants/young children who were born to healthy mothers and managed in the same hospitals, matched at a ratio of 1:1 based on sex, age, method of birth, birth weight, and gestational age, were enrolled as controls.

Silencing long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 00987 inhibits proliferation, migration, and invasion of osteosarcoma cells by sponging miR-376a-5p to regulate FNBP1 expression.

High expression of long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 987 (LINC00987) is strongly associated with low overall survival of osteosarcoma; however, its role in osteosarcoma remains unclear. This study explored the biological function and underlying mechanism of LINC00987 in osteosarcoma. In this study, LINC00987 expression in osteosarcoma cells was analyzed using Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia and qRT-PCR.

Can monodisperse microbubble-based three-dimensional contrast-enhanced ultrasound reduce quantitative heterogeneity? An in vitro study.

Background: Heterogeneity within the tumor may cause large heterogeneity in quantitative perfusion parameters. Three-dimensional contrast-enhanced ultrasound (3D-CEUS) can show the spatial relationship of vascular structure after post-acquisition reconstruction and monodisperse bubbles can resonate the ultrasound pulse, resulting in the increase in sensitivity of CEUS imaging.

Objectives: To evaluate whether the combination of 3D-CEUS and monodisperse microbubbles could reduce the heterogeneity of quantitative CEUS.

Post-exercise Effects and Long-Term Training Adaptations of Hormone Sensitive Lipase Lipolysis Induced by High-Intensity Interval Training in Adipose Tissue of Mice.

Although studies have proven that high-intensity interval training (HIIT) shows a comparable effect to moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on reducing body fat, especially visceral fat, the mechanism is still unclear. Since MICT consumes more fat during exercise, the mechanism of HIIT weight loss may be related to post-exercise effects, long-term adaptive changes, and hormone sensitive lipase (HSL). The objective of this study was to compare the post-effects of acute exercise, long-term adaptive changes on HSL activity, and catecholamine-induced lipolysis between HIIT and MICT.