Circular RNA circPHLPP2 promotes tumor growth and anti-PD-1 resistance through binding ILF3 to regulate IL36γ transcription in colorectal cancer.

Background: Most Colorectal Cancer (CRC) patients exhibit limited responsiveness to anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) therapy, with the underlying mechanisms remaining elusive. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play a significant role in tumorigenesis and development, with potential applications in tumor screening and predicting treatment efficacy. However, there are few studies exploring the role of circRNAs in CRC immune evasion.

Diagnosis and prognosis prediction of gastric cancer by high-performance serum lipidome fingerprints.

Early detection is warranted to improve prognosis of gastric cancer (GC) but remains challenging. Liquid biopsy combined with machine learning will provide new insights into diagnostic strategies of GC. Lipid metabolism reprogramming plays a crucial role in the initiation and development of tumors.

KRAS inhibitors may prevent colorectal cancer metachronous metastasis by suppressing TGF‑β mediated epithelial‑mesenchymal transition.

In colorectal cancer (CRC), KRAS mutations enhance metachronous metastasis, a condition without prognostic biomarkers or preventive measures. The present study demonstrated that KRAS mutation may be a risk factor for CRC metachronous metastasis through meta‑analysis of public databases. A risk scoring model was constructed using machine learning for predicting metachronous metastasis in KRAS‑mutant CRC.

Prognostic Impact of Para-Aortic Lymph Node Dissection in Colorectal Cancer Patients Suspected of Para-Aortic Lymph Node Metastasis: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Para-aortic lymph node metastasis (PALNM) is a rare occurrence in colorectal cancer (CRC), and the high risk of radical lymphadenectomy leads to persistent debate about the best treatment strategy. This study aims to evaluate the predictor for PALNM and the clinical value of para-aortic lymph node dissection (PALND) in CRC patients with radiologically suspected synchronous PALNM.

Methods: Patients who have synchronous radiologically suspected PALNM and underwent primary tumor resection were included.

Circuit firing homeostasis following synaptic perturbation ensures robust behavior.

Homeostatic regulation of excitability and synaptic transmission ensures stable neural circuit output under changing conditions. We find that pre- or postsynaptic weakening of motor neuron (MN) to muscle glutamatergic transmission in larva has little impact on locomotion, suggesting non-synaptic compensatory mechanisms. imaging of MN to muscle synaptic transmission and MN activity both show that synaptic weakening activity in tonic type Ib MNs, but not in the phasic type Is MN that innervate the same muscles.

Evaluation of transrectal ultrasound-guided tru-cut biopsy as a complementary method for predicting pathological complete response in rectal cancer after neoadjuvant treatment: a phase II prospective and diagnostic trial.

Importance: Patients with pathological complete response (pCR) of rectal cancer following neoadjuvant treatment had better oncological outcomes. However, reliable methods for accurately predicting pCR remain limited.

Objective: To evaluate whether transrectal ultrasound-guided tru-cut biopsy (TRUS-TCB) adds diagnostic value to conventional modalities for predicting pathological complete response in patients with rectal cancer after neoadjuvant treatment.

Pharmacological modulation of RB1 activity mitigates resistance to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer.

Resistance to neoadjuvant chemotherapy leads to poor prognosis of locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC), representing an unmet clinical need that demands further exploration of therapeutic strategies to improve clinical outcomes. Here, we identified a noncanonical role of RB1 for modulating chromatin activity that contributes to oxaliplatin resistance in colorectal cancer (CRC). We demonstrate that oxaliplatin induces RB1 phosphorylation, which is associated with the resistance to neoadjuvant oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy in LARC.

Risk Factors and Quality of Life in Patients with Diffuse Pouchitis After Ileal Pouch Anal Anastomosis According to the Chicago Classification for J Pouch: a Retrospective Multicenter Cohort Study in China.

Background: Pouchitis is a common late complication in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) who undergo ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA). The heterogeneous nature of the clinical and endoscopic presentations could affect the evaluation of therapeutic interventions for pouchitis. Thus, identifying the risk factors and clinical outcomes of pouch inflammation at different sites and severity is becoming increasingly important for colorectal surgeons.

Laparoscopic surgery contributes to a decrease in short-term complications in surgical ulcerative colitis patients during 2008-2017: a multicenter retrospective study in China.

Background/aims: The aim of this study was to analyze the chronological changes in postoperative complications in surgical ulcerative colitis patients over the past decade in China and to investigate the potential parameters that contributed to the changes.

Methods: Ulcerative colitis patients who underwent surgery during 2008-2017 were retrospectively enrolled from 13 hospitals in China. Postoperative complications were compared among different operation years.

Circular RNAs: Emerging regulators of glucose metabolism in cancer.

Aberrant glucose metabolism is one of the most striking characteristics of metabolic reprogramming in cancer. Thus, clarifying the regulatory mechanism of glucose metabolism is crucial to understanding tumor progression and developing novel therapeutic strategies for cancer patients. Recent developments in circular RNAs have explained the regulatory mechanism of glucose metabolism from a new dimension.

Comprehensive Analyses of Immune Subtypes of Stomach Adenocarcinoma for mRNA Vaccination.

Background: Although messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines have unique advantages against multiple tumors, mRNA vaccine targets in stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) remain unknown. The potential effectiveness of mRNA vaccines is closely associated with the tumor immune infiltration microenvironment. The present study aimed to identify tumor antigens of STAD as mRNA vaccine targets and systematically determine immune subtypes (ISs) of STAD that might be suitable for immunotherapy.

SQLE, A Key Enzyme in Cholesterol Metabolism, Correlates With Tumor Immune Infiltration and Immunotherapy Outcome of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma.

Background: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is a treatment-refractory cancer with poor prognosis. Accumulating evidence suggests that squalene epoxidase (SQLE) plays a pivotal role in the development and progression of several cancer types in humans. However, the function and underlying mechanism of SQLE in PAAD remain unclear.

Construction and Validation of Convenient Clinicopathologic Signatures for Predicting the Prognosis of Stage I-III Gastric Cancer.

Background: Patients with stage I-III gastric cancer (GC) undergoing R0 radical resection display extremely different prognoses. How to discriminate high-risk patients with poor survival conveniently is a clinical conundrum to be solved urgently.

Methods: Patients with stage I-III GC from 2010 to 2016 were included in our study.

Neuronal mitochondria transport Pink1 mRNA via synaptojanin 2 to support local mitophagy.

PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) is a short-lived protein required for the removal of damaged mitochondria through Parkin translocation and mitophagy. Because the short half-life of PINK1 limits its ability to be trafficked into neurites, local translation is required for this mitophagy pathway to be active far from the soma. The Pink1 transcript is associated and cotransported with neuronal mitochondria.

Inhibition of the PLK1-Coupled Cell Cycle Machinery Overcomes Resistance to Oxaliplatin in Colorectal Cancer.

Dysregulation of the cell cycle machinery leads to genomic instability and is a hallmark of cancer associated with chemoresistance and poor prognosis in colorectal cancer (CRC). Identifying and targeting aberrant cell cycle machinery is expected to improve current therapies for CRC patients. Here,upregulated polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) signaling, accompanied by deregulation of cell cycle-related pathways in CRC is identified.

Cancer-associated fibroblasts impact the clinical outcome and treatment response in colorectal cancer via immune system modulation: a comprehensive genome-wide analysis.

Background: Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the tumour microenvironment are associated with poor prognosis and chemoresistance in multiple solid tumours. However, there is a lack of universal measures of CAFs in colorectal cancer (CRC). The aim of this study was to assess the utility of a fibroblast-related gene signature (FRGS) for predicting patient outcomes and reveal its relevant mechanism.

Genome-Wide Analysis Reveals Hypoxic Microenvironment Is Associated With Immunosuppression in Poor Survival of Stage II/III Colorectal Cancer Patients.

Hypoxia is associated with a poorer clinical outcome and resistance to chemotherapy in solid tumors; identifying hypoxic-related colorectal cancer (CRC) and revealing its mechanism are important. The aim of this study was to assess hypoxia signature for predicting prognosis and analyze relevant mechanism. Patients without chemotherapy were selected for the identification of hypoxia-related genes (HRGs).

Protein-protein interaction analysis reveals a novel cancer stem cell related target TMEM17 in colorectal cancer.

Background: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a small subpopulation of cells within tumors with stem cell property. Increased evidence suggest that CSCs could be responsible for chemoresistance and recurrence in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, a reliable therapeutic target on CSCs is still lacking.

Circular RNA: metabolism, functions and interactions with proteins.

Circular RNAs (CircRNAs) are single-stranded, covalently closed RNA molecules that are ubiquitous across species ranging from viruses to mammals. Important advances have been made in the biogenesis, regulation, localization, degradation and modification of circRNAs. CircRNAs exert biological functions by acting as transcriptional regulators, microRNA (miR) sponges and protein templates.

Area Postrema Cell Types that Mediate Nausea-Associated Behaviors.

Nausea, the unpleasant sensation of visceral malaise, remains a mysterious process. The area postrema is implicated in some nausea responses and is anatomically privileged to detect blood-borne signals. To investigate nausea mechanisms, we built an area postrema cell atlas through single-nucleus RNA sequencing, revealing a few neuron types.

CEA Decline Predicts Tumor Regression and Prognosis in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer Patients with Elevated Baseline CEA.

To investigate the value of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) decline in predicting pathological tumor regression and outcome for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients who received neoadjuvant therapy with elevated baseline CEA. LARC patients with elevated pre-treatment CEA who received neoadjuvant therapy and radical tumor resection were retrospectively collected. Serum CEA level during treatment were recorded and the predictive value of pre-treatment CEA, post-treatment CEA and CEA ratio (CEA /CEA) for tumor regression grade (TRG), overall survival and diseases free survival were estimated by logistic regression or cox proportional hazard regression.

Immune-related gene signature in predicting prognosis of early-stage colorectal cancer patients.

Aim: Immune-related genes are associated with the prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of an immune-related gene signature (IRGS) in predicting the prognosis of early-stage CRC patients.

Methods: In total, 309 CRC patients were selected for the identification of prognostic IRGS using the CIT/GSE39582 microarray dataset.

CD73 promotes colitis-associated tumorigenesis in mice.

Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at a higher risk of developing colitis-associated colorectal cancer. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of CD73 in IBD-associated tumorigenesis. A mouse model of colitis-associated tumorigenesis (CAT) induced by azoxymethane and dextran sulfate sodium was successfully constructed.