Eleven years of experience with endoscopic and open surgery for craniosynostosis and risk factors for undesirable outcome.

Objective: This study reports the authors' experience with surgical interventions for nonsyndromic craniosynostosis. They assessed open surgery and minimally invasive endoscopic suturectomy in terms of periprocedural outcomes and related risk factors for postoperative complications and reoperation. This study aimed to provide insights toward surgical approach decisions and lay the groundwork for future prospective studies in this field.

Machine learning approaches to predict the need for intensive care unit admission among Iranian COVID-19 patients based on ICD-10: A cross-sectional study.

Background & Aim: Timely identification of the patients requiring intensive care unit admission (ICU) could be life-saving. We aimed to compare different machine learning algorithms to predict the requirements for ICU admission in COVID-19 patients.

Methods: We screened all patients with COVID-19 at six academic hospitals in Tehran comprising our study population.

Valuing the SF-6Dv2 in the capital of Iran using a discrete choice experiment with duration.

Background: The second version of the Short-Form 6-Dimension (SF-6Dv2) classification system has recently been developed. The objective of this study was to develop a value set for SF-6Dv2 based on the societal preferences of a general population in the capital of Iran.

Methods: A representative sample of the capital of Iran (n = 3061) was recruited using a stratified multistage quota sampling technique.

CFSSynergy: Combining Feature-Based and Similarity-Based Methods for Drug Synergy Prediction.

Drug synergy prediction plays a vital role in cancer treatment. Because experimental approaches are labor-intensive and expensive, computational-based approaches get more attention. There are two types of computational methods for drug synergy prediction: feature-based and similarity-based.

The Therapeutic Efficacy of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Acute Toxoplasmosis in BALB/c Mice.

Background: infects nearly one-third of the world's population. Due to the significant side effects of current treatment options, identifying safe and effective therapies seems crucial. Nanoparticles (NPs) are new promising compounds in treating pathogenic organisms.

Comparison of maternal complications between fresh and frozen embryo transfer during gestation.

Objective: Maternal complications in infertile women undergoing in vitro fertilization are an important discussion, and patients should be informed about these complications depending on the method of embryo transfer. In this study, maternal complications during gestation were compared between frozen and fresh embryo transfer in infertile women who underwent in vitro fertilization at Shariati Hospital from 2018 to 2021.

Materials And Methods: This study was a retrospective cohort study, and patient data were collected using archive files.

DeepTraSynergy: drug combinations using multimodal deep learning with transformers.

Motivation: Screening bioactive compounds in cancer cell lines receive more attention. Multidisciplinary drugs or drug combinations have a more effective role in treatments and selectively inhibit the growth of cancer cells.

Results: Hence, we propose a new deep learning-based approach for drug combination synergy prediction called DeepTraSynergy.

Predicting the COVID-19 mortality among Iranian patients using tree-based models: A cross-sectional study.

Background And aims: To explore the use of different machine learning models in prediction of COVID-19 mortality in hospitalized patients.

Materials And Methods: A total of 44,112 patients from six academic hospitals who were admitted for COVID-19 between March 2020 and August 2021 were included in this study. Variables were obtained from their electronic medical records.

The effects of prognostic factors on transplant and mortality of patients with end-stage liver disease using Markov multistate model.

Background: Decompensated cirrhosis patients have a high risk of death which can be considerably reduced with liver transplantation (LT). This study aimed to simultaneously investigate the effect of some patients' characteristics on mortality among those with/without LT and also LT incident.

Materials And Methods: In this historical cohort study, the information from 780 eligible patients aged 18 years or older was analyzed by the Markov multistate model; they had been listed between 2008 and 2014, needed a single organ for initial orthotopic LT, and followed at least for up to 5 years.

A novel dynamic Bayesian network approach for data mining and survival data analysis.

Background: Censorship is the primary challenge in survival modeling, especially in human health studies. The classical methods have been limited by applications like Kaplan-Meier or restricted assumptions like the Cox regression model. On the other hand, Machine learning algorithms commonly rely on the high dimensionality of data and ignore the censorship attribute.

Factors Affecting the Long-Term Survival of Kidney Transplantation in Northeastern of Iran between 2000 and 2015.

Background: Graft and patient survival are of great importance after transplantation. This study aimed to determine the long-term survival rate of kidney transplantation and its effective factors among transplanted patients in Mashhad transplantation centers in northeastern Iran.

Methods: Overall, 618 kidney transplant recipients were examined in different transplantation centers during the years from 2000 to 2015 in a historical cohort study.

Multivariate Longitudinal Assessment of Kidney Function Outcomes on Graft Survival after Kidney Transplantation Using Multivariate Joint Modeling Approach: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: The performance of a transplanted kidney is evaluated by monitoring variations in the value of the most important markers. These markers are measured longitudinally, and their variation is influenced by other factors. The simultaneous use of these markers increases the predictive power of the analytical model.

An intuitive framework for Bayesian posterior simulation methods.

Purpose: Bayesian inference has become popular. It offers several pragmatic approaches to account for uncertainty in inference decision-making. Various estimation methods have been introduced to implement Bayesian methods.

A paradoxical change in economic inequality in presenting visual acuity between 2009 and 2014: a nonuseful decline.

Background: Despite the widespread literate on health inequalities and their determinants, changes in health inequalities over time have not received enough attention.

Aims: To measure and decompose the over-time changes in economic inequality in presenting visual acuity measured using Logarithm of the Minimum Angle of Resolution.

Methods: We analysed 4706 participants who had complete data on presenting visual acuity and economic status in 2009 and 2014 in the Shahroud Eye Cohort Study.

Compound Poisson frailty model with a gamma process prior for the baseline hazard: accounting for a cured fraction.

Cox model and traditional frailty models assume that all individuals will eventually experience the event of interest. This assumption is often overlooked, and situations will arise where it is not realistic. We introduce Compound Poisson frailty model for survival analysis to deal with populations in which some of the individuals will not experience the event of interest.

The impact of common chronic conditions on health-related quality of life: a general population survey in Iran using EQ-5D-5L.

Background: Diseases have undeniable effects on Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL). Chronic diseases, in particular, limit the productive potentials and HRQoL of individuals. EQ-5D is a very popular generic instrument, which can be used to estimate HRQoL scores in any diseases.

Post-surgery Survival in Patients with Adenocarcinoma of Stomach Using Multistate Model.

Purpose: Stomach neoplasms are the fifth common cancer worldwide. The related factors for survival following stomach neoplasms are well-studied; however, information on recurrent events is limited. This study aimed to identify the related factors on recurrent and deaths following stomach neoplasms.

Bayesian methods for clinicians.

The Bayesian methods have received more attention in medical research. It is considered as a natural paradigm for dealing with applied problems in the sciences and also an alternative to the traditional frequentist approach. However, its concept is somewhat difficult to grasp by nonexperts.

Spatio-temporal analysis of misaligned burden of disease data using a geo-statistical approach.

Data used to estimate the burden of diseases (BOD) are usually sparse, noisy, and heterogeneous. These data are collected from surveys, registries, and systematic reviews that have different areal units, are conducted at different times, and are reported for different age groups. In this study, we developed a Bayesian geo-statistical model to combine aggregated sparse, noisy BOD data from different sources with misaligned areal units.

Accelerated and Standard Corneal Cross-Linking Protocols in Patients with Down Syndrome: A Non-inferiority Contralateral Randomized Trial.

Introduction: To compare the results of an accelerated corneal cross-linking (CXL) protocol (9 mW/cm, 10 min) with the standard CXL protocol (3 mW/cm, 30 min) in patients with Down syndrome (DS) who have keratoconus (KC).

Methods: Twenty-seven 10- to 20-year-old patients with DS who had bilateral progressive KC were enrolled in a contralateral randomized trial and completed 2 years of follow-up examinations. Fellow eyes were randomly allocated to the accelerated CXL group or the standard CXL group.

Comparing four laboratory three-parent techniques to construct human aged non-surrounded nucleolus germinal vesicle oocytes: A case-control study.

Background: The three-parent assisted reproductive technique may increase oocyte competence.

Objective: In this case-control study, the suitability of germinal vesicle transfer (GVT), synchronous ooplasmic transfer (sOT), asynchronous ooplasmic transfer using cryopreserved MII oocyte (caOT), and asynchronous ooplasmic transfer using waste MII oocyte (waOT) for maturation of the human-aged non-surrounded nucleolus germinal vesicle-stage (NSN-GV) oocyte were investigated.

Materials And Methods: NSN-GV oocytes were subjected to four methods: group A (GVT), B (sOT), C (caOT) D (waOT), and E (Control).

The Success Rate and Factors Affecting the Outcome of Assisted Reproductive Treatment in Subfertile Men.

Background: This study was conducted to evaluate the success rate of male infertility treatment and the factors affecting its outcome.

Methods: In a historical cohort study, from Mar 2013 to Mar 2014, 323 couples with male factor were investigated. Couples had treated with IUI or/and ICSI were included randomly.

Correction to: Health-related quality of life measured using the EQ-5D-5 L: population norms for the capital of Iran.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.