Mass Spectrometry Imaging Reveals Spatial Metabolic Alterations and Salidroside's Effects in Diabetic Encephalopathy.

Diabetic encephalopathy (DE) is a neurological complication of diabetes marked by cognitive decline and complex metabolic disturbances. Salidroside (SAL), a natural compound with antioxidant and neuroprotective properties, has shown promise in alleviating diabetic complications. Exploring the spatial metabolic reprogramming in DE and elucidating SAL's metabolic effects are critical for deepening our understanding of its pathogenesis and developing effective therapeutic strategies.

Lipidomic profiling of the febrile rat hypothalamus by the intervention of Artemisia japonica extracts.

Artemisia species have been regarded as an important source of ethnic medicinal plants, such as A. annua and A. capillaris, both of which are widely used in clinical treatment.

Mass Spectrometry Imaging for the Characterization of C═C Localization in Unsaturated Lipid Isomers at the Single-Cell Level.

Unsaturated lipids with carbon-carbon double bonds (C═C) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases. While mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) has been employed to map the distribution of lipid isomers in tissue sections, the identification of lipid C═C positional isomers at the single-cell level using MSI poses a significant challenge. In this study, we developed a novel approach utilizing ToF-SIMS in conjunction with the Paternò-Büchi (P-B) photochemical reaction to characterize the C═C localization in unsaturated lipid isomers at the single-cell level.

Pharmacometabolomics and mass spectrometry imaging approach to reveal the neurochemical mechanisms of .

, commonly known as Yuanzhi (YZ) in Chinese, has been shown to possess anti-insomnia properties. However, the material basis and the mechanism underlying its sedative-hypnotic effects remain unclear. Herein, we investigated the active components and neurochemical mechanism of YZ extracts using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based pharmacometabolomics and mass spectrometry imaging (MSI)-based spatial resolved metabolomics.

Mapping the Metabolic Characteristics and Perturbation of Adult Zebrafish by Ambient Mass Spectrometry Imaging.

, a type of transparent mutant-line zebrafish, was generated to overcome the opaque trunk of an adult zebrafish for tumor modeling to realize real-time visualization of transplanted cells in vivo. However, the molecular information at the metabolic level has not received much attention. Herein, a spatially resolved metabolomics method based on an airflow-assisted desorption electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry imaging (AFADESI-MSI) system for whole-body zebrafish was used to investigate small molecules and the distribution of adult (, ) and the differences from wild-type zebrafish.

Integrated mass spectrometry imaging reveals spatial-metabolic alteration in diabetic cardiomyopathy and the intervention effects of ferulic acid.

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a metabolic disease and a leading cause of heart failure among people with diabetes. Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a versatile technique capable of combining the molecular specificity of mass spectrometry (MS) with the spatial information of imaging. In this study, we used MSI to visualize metabolites in the rat heart with high spatial resolution and sensitivity.

Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolomics and fluxomics reveals the metabolic alterations in glioma U87MG multicellular tumor spheroids versus two-dimensional cell cultures.

Rationale: Multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTSs) that reconstitute the metabolic characteristics of in vivo tumor tissue may facilitate the discovery of molecular biomarkers and effective anticancer therapies. However, little is known about how cancer cells adapt their metabolic changes in complex three-dimensional (3D) microenvironments. Here, using the two-dimensional (2D) cell model as control, the metabolic phenotypes of glioma U87MG multicellular tumor spheroids were systematically investigated based on static metabolomics and dynamic fluxomics analysis.

Database-Driven Spatially Resolved Lipidomics Highlights Heterogeneous Metabolic Alterations in Type 2 Diabetic Mice.

Spatially resolved lipidomics is pivotal for detecting and interpreting lipidomes within spatial contexts using the mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) technique. However, comprehensive and efficient lipid identification in MSI remains challenging. Herein, we introduce a high-coverage, database-driven approach combined with air-flow-assisted desorption electrospray ionization (AFADESI)-MSI to generate spatial lipid profiles across whole-body mice.

On-tissue chemical derivatization-enhanced spatially resolved lipidomics reveals abnormal metabolism in type 2 diabetic rat brain.

Neurologic disorders are often accompanied by alterations in lipids and oxylipins in the brain. However, the complexity of the lipidome in the brain and its changes during brain damage caused by diabetes remain poorly understood. Herein, we developed an enhanced spatially resolved lipidomics approach with the assistance of on-tissue chemical derivatization to study lipid metabolism in the rat brain.

Strategy for characterization and quantification of fatty acids in plasma by parallel d/d-dansylhydrazine derivatization combined with UPLC-MS/MS.

Fatty acids (FAs) play a vital physiological role in lipid metabolism, which is reported as potential diagnostic biomarker for various diseases. Thus, it is urgent to develop a credible method that can profile FA metabolism with a holistic view. Here, a targeted strategy to screen FAs was developed by parallel labeling with d/d-dansylhydrazine (d/d-DnsHz) and using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) in data-dependent MS/MS (ddMS) mode.

Identification of Diagnostic Metabolic Signatures in Thyroid Tumors Using Mass Spectrometry Imaging.

"Gray zone" thyroid follicular tumors are difficult to diagnose, especially when distinguishing between benign follicular thyroid adenoma (FTA) and malignant carcinoma (FTC). Thus, proper classification of thyroid follicular diseases may improve clinical prognosis. In this study, the diagnostic performance of metabolite enzymes was evaluated using imaging mass spectrometry to distinguish FTA from FTC and determine the association between metabolite enzyme expression with thyroid follicular borderline tumor diagnosis.

Spatiotemporal pharmacometabolomics based on ambient mass spectrometry imaging to evaluate the metabolism and hepatotoxicity of amiodarone in HepG2 spheroids.

Three-dimensional (3D) cell spheroid models combined with mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) enables innovative investigation of in vivo-like biological processes under different physiological and pathological conditions. Herein, airflow-assisted desorption electrospray ionization-MSI (AFADESI-MSI) was coupled with 3D HepG2 spheroids to assess the metabolism and hepatotoxicity of amiodarone (AMI). High-coverage imaging of >1100 endogenous metabolites in hepatocyte spheroids was achieved using AFADESI-MSI.

Spatially Resolved Metabolomics Method for Mapping the Global Molecular Landscape of Whole-Body Zebrafish () Using Ambient Mass Spectrometry Imaging.

Zebrafish () represent an effective model biological material for human disease research, even for personalized precision medicine. Thus, it is necessary to fully characterize their molecular information in order to obtain a global metabolic profile. Here, a spatially resolved metabolomics method for whole-body zebrafish analysis was established based on an air-flow-assisted desorption electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry imaging (AFADESI-MSI) system.

Chemical profiling and quantitative analysis on the aqueous extract of Pimpinella anisum fruit by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Anise fruit (Aniseed) has been used for many years as a traditional medicine in various countries throughout the world; however, the chemical material basis of Aniseed water extract (AWE) has not been examined in detail, limiting our understanding of its pharmacological mechanism and methods for practical quality control. A high-efficiency and high-sensitivity LC-triple time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) analysis method using data processing method combined with product ion and neutral loss filtering for systematic screening and identification of the constituents of AWE was established. A quantitative method was established by using LC-MS/MS with multiple reaction monitoring for 10 min to determine the concentration of 17 representative constituents.

Spatiotemporally resolved metabolomics and isotope tracing reveal CNS drug targets.

Deconvolution of potential drug targets of the central nervous system (CNS) is particularly challenging because of the complicated structure and function of the brain. Here, a spatiotemporally resolved metabolomics and isotope tracing strategy was proposed and demonstrated to be powerful for deconvoluting and localizing potential targets of CNS drugs by using ambient mass spectrometry imaging. This strategy can map various substances including exogenous drugs, isotopically labeled metabolites, and various types of endogenous metabolites in the brain tissue sections to illustrate their microregional distribution pattern in the brain and locate drug action-related metabolic nodes and pathways.

Metabolic Perturbation Score-Based Mass Spectrometry Imaging Spatially Resolves a Functional Metabolic Response.

Metabolic perturbation score-based mass spectrometry imaging (MPS-MSI) is proposed to reveal the spatially resolved functional metabolic response associated with disease progression or drug action including metabolism pathways, species, biofunction, or biotransformation. The MPS-MSI enables the exploration of therapeutic or adverse effects, regional heterogeneous responses to drug treatment, possible molecular mechanisms, and even drug potential targets. MPS-MSI was demonstrated to be a promising molecular imaging tool not only for efficacy and safety evaluation but also for molecular mechanism investigation at the early stage of drug research and development.

Comprehensive chemical profiling and quantitative analysis of ethnicYi medicine Miao-Fu-Zhi-Tong granules using UHPLC-MS/MS.

Developing analytical methods for the chemical components of natural medicines remains a challenge due to its diversity and complexity. Miao-Fu-Zhi-Tong (MFZT) granules, an ethnic Yi herbal prescription, comprises 10 herbs and has been clinically applied for gouty arthritis (GA) therapy. Herein, a series of chemical profiling strategies including in-house library matching, molecular networking and MS/MS fragmentation behavior validation based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) were developed for qualitative analysis of MFZT granules.

Comparison of Local Metabolic Changes in Diabetic Rodent Kidneys Using Mass Spectrometry Imaging.

Understanding the renal region-specific metabolic alteration in different animal models of diabetic nephropathy (DN) is critical for uncovering the underlying mechanisms and for developing effective treatments. In the present study, spatially resolved metabolomics based on air flow-assisted desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging (AFADESI-MSI) was used to compare the local metabolic changes in the kidneys of HFD/STZ-induced diabetic rats and db/db mice. As a result, a total of 67 and 59 discriminating metabolites were identified and visualized in the kidneys of the HFD/STZ-induced diabetic rats and db/db mice, respectively.

Exploring the effect of the Uyghur medicine Munziq Balgam on a collagen-induced arthritis rat model by UPLC-MS/MS-based metabolomics approach.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Munziq Balgam (MBm) is a classic preparation of a traditional Uyghur medicine used for many years to treat abnormal body fluid diseases. The formula, as an in-hospital preparation, has already been used in the Hospital of Xinjiang Traditional Uyghur Medicine to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with significant clinical effects.

Aim Of The Study: This study intends to reveal the intervention effect of MBm on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rats, discover the potential biomarkers with efficacy, and explore the mechanisms of metabolic regulation by using metabolomics method.

On-Tissue Chemical Oxidation Followed by Derivatization for Mass Spectrometry Imaging Enables Visualization of Primary and Secondary Hydroxyl-Containing Metabolites in Biological Tissues.

On-tissue chemical derivatization combined with mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) can effectively visualize low-abundance and poorly ionizable molecules in biological tissues. Owing to the lack of an effective chemical reaction environment on the tissue surface, the development of direct one-step derivatization reactions is challenging. Herein, we present a two-step reaction involving on-tissue chemical oxidation followed by derivatization combined with airflow-assisted desorption electrospray ionization-MSI, enabling the visualization of primary and secondary hydroxyl-containing metabolites (PSHMs) within the tissue sections.

Mapping of Fatty Aldehydes in the Diabetic Rat Brain Using On-Tissue Chemical Derivatization and Air-Flow-Assisted Desorption Electrospray Ionization-Mass Spectrometry Imaging.

Fatty aldehydes (FALs) are involved in various biological processes, and their abnormal metabolism is related to the occurrence and development of neurological diseases. Because of their low ionization efficiency, methods for detection and mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) analysis of FALs remain underreported. On-tissue chemical tagging of hardly ionizable target analytes with easily ionized moieties can improve ionization efficiency and detection sensitivity in MSI experiments.

Data-Driven Deciphering of Latent Lesions in Heterogeneous Tissue Using Function-Directed -SNE of Mass Spectrometry Imaging Data.

Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI), which quantifies the underlying chemistry with molecular spatial information in tissue, represents an emerging tool for the functional exploration of pathological progression. Unsupervised machine learning of MSI datasets usually gives an overall interpretation of the metabolic features derived from the abundant ions. However, the features related to the latent lesions are always concealed by the abundant ion features, which hinders precise delineation of the lesions.