SLC13A5 plays an essential role in the energy shift to oxidative phosphorylation in cisplatin-resistant mesothelioma stem cells.

Mesothelioma is a highly aggressive tumor affecting an increasing number of patients worldwide. Owing to the poor clinical outcomes associated with current therapies, the development of novel therapies that target cancer stem cells (CSCs) is desirable. Here, we examined the applicability of our previously established hydrogel-based rapid CSC generation method to human mesothelioma cell lines and further analyzed the characteristics of the induced mesothelioma stem cell (MesoSC) -like cells.

Progressive subchondral bone cyst formation following autologous chondrocyte implantation with all-suture anchors: a Case Report with histological evaluation.

Background: Subchondral bone cysts (SBCs) can significantly impact the outcomes of cartilage repair procedures such as autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI). However, the etiology and progression of SBCs following ACI remain poorly understood. This case report highlights a progressively enlarging SBC following ACI using all-suture anchors, treated with autologous osteochondral transplantation (AOT).

Spontaneous Transformation from Lung Adenocarcinoma to MYC-amplified Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma.

Recent studies suggest that lung adenocarcinoma cells are closely associated with the tumorigenesis of large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma via cellular transformation. However, morphological evidence, along with genetic abnormalities before, during, and after transformation, is quite limited. We present here a case of combined large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma and adenocarcinoma exhibiting acinar and solid patterns.

Aneurysmal rupture in microscopic polyangiitis: a case-based review.

Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) affects small and medium vessel, which sometimes leads to arterial aneurysms. In English database, only 15 reports refer to ruptured aneurysms in MPA. We experienced a fatal case with MPA who developed multiple visceral aneurysms, resulting in rupture of the hepatic aneurysm.

Establishment of a novel method for differentiating into dopaminergic neurons using charged hydrogels.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease primarily affecting the central nervous system and impacting both the motor system and non-motor systems. Although administration of L-DOPA is effective, it is not a fundamental treatment and has side effects such as diurnal fluctuation and dyskinesia, highlighting the need for new treatment methods. There is a growing interest in dopaminergic neuron transplantation as a potential treatment.

Analysis of synthetic polymer hydrogel-based generation of leukemia stem cells.

Leukemia stem cells (LSCs), capable of simultaneous self-renewal and differentiation, are resistant to chemotherapy and the cause of relapse in refractory cases of leukemia. As a method to rapidly generate LSCs has not been established, research on LSCs as therapeutic targets has been hampered. Here, we demonstrate that K562 leukemia cells acquired LSC properties with increase in stemness markers such as CD34, Oct3/4, and Nanog and metabolic alterations towards OXPHOS by culturing cells on synthetic polymer hydrogels.

Transformed gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma originating in the colon and developing metachronously after eradication: A case report.

Background: () eradication treatment for primary gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma has already been established. However, t (11;18) (q21;q21)/ translocation-positive lesions are a type of primary gastric MALT lymphoma in which a response to eradication treatment is difficult to achieve. In addition, trisomy 18 may be associated with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) transformation of gastric MALT lymphoma.

Interleukin-6 Immunology in Macrophage Activation Syndrome Related to Neuroimmunological Diseases.

Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) involves an excessive amount of acute inflammatory responses to inflammatory cytokines, particularly interleukin-6 (IL-6). IL-6 is also strongly associated with the pathophysiology of certain neuroimmunological diseases. However, there have so far been few reports of MAS being accompanied by neuroimmunological diseases.

Clinical outcome, radiological findings, and genetic features of IDH-mutant brainstem glioma in adults.

Background: With the recent advent of genetic testing, IDH-mutant glioma has been found among adult brainstem gliomas. However, the clinical outcome and prognosis of IDH-mutant brainstem gliomas in adults have not been elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the clinical outcome, radiological findings, and genetic features of adult patients with IDH-mutant diffuse brainstem gliomas.

MRI detection of mild malformation of cortical development with oligodendroglial hyperplasia (MOGHE) on T1WI-CHESS.

Mild malformation of cortical development with oligodendroglial hyperplasia (MOGHE) is a recently proposed epileptogenic entity that is difficult to detect on MRI. We present a case of MOGHE that was successfully detected on T1WI-chemical shift-selective saturation (CHESS) MRI. The clinical presentation, MRI including T1WI-CHESS, functional images, and pathology findings of a 14-year-old Japanese girl diagnosed with MOGHE are described.

eradication treatment for primary gastric diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: A single-center analysis.

Background: Unlike the already established effect of () eradication on gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, its therapeutic effect on primary gastric diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is still unclear.

Aim: To clarify the efficacy of eradication treatment for primary gastric DLBCL.

Methods: We reported on 3 new cases, and added them to 3 previously reported cases.

Fatal case of subdural empyema caused by and .

We report a fatal subdural empyema caused by in a 66-year-old female who developed acute onset of confusion, dysarthria, and paresis in her left extremities. A CT scan showed hypodensity in a crescentic formation with a mild mid-line shift. She had a bruise on her forehead caused by a fall several days before admission, which initially raised subdural hematoma (SDH) diagnosis, and a burr hole procedure was planned.

A Case of Uterine Tumor Resembling Ovarian Sex Cord Tumor With Prominent Myxoid Features.

Uterine tumor resembling ovarian sex cord tumor (UTROSCT) is a rare tumor with low malignant potential that commonly occurs in middle age. Although more than 100 cases have been reported to date, myxoid morphology is not well documented. Here, we present a 75-yr-old woman with abnormal vaginal bleeding, with an 8-cm mass in the uterine corpus detected by irregular, high-intensity signaling on T2-weighted imaging.

Morphological study of the phrenic nerve to determine a reference value for the myelinated fiber density in elderly individuals.

Phrenic nerves (PNs) play an important role in respiration; however, very few morphological studies have assessed them. This study aimed to provide control reference values, including the density of large and small myelinated PN fibers, for future pathological studies. We assessed a total of nine nerves from eight cases among consecutive autopsy cases registered to the Brain Bank for Aging Research between 2018 and 2019 (five men and three women, mean age 77.

Engineering of an electrically charged hydrogel implanted into a traumatic brain injury model for stepwise neuronal tissue reconstruction.

Neural regeneration is extremely difficult to achieve. In traumatic brain injuries, the loss of brain parenchyma volume hinders neural regeneration. In this study, neuronal tissue engineering was performed by using electrically charged hydrogels composed of cationic and anionic monomers in a 1:1 ratio (C1A1 hydrogel), which served as an effective scaffold for the attachment of neural stem cells (NSCs).

Atelocollagen-associated autologous chondrocyte implantation for the repair of large cartilage defects of the knee: Results at three to seven years.

Background: Recently, various types of engineered autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) have been developed. Atelocollagen-associated ACI (A-ACI) is the only ACI procedure covered by Japanese Health Insurance since 2013. The indications of the A-ACI are traumatic cartilage defects and osteochondral dissecans (OCD) for knee joints.

An autopsy case report of adult-onset Krabbe disease: Comparison with an infantile-onset case.

Krabbe disease is a lysosomal storage disease caused by a deficiency of the galactocerebrosidase (GALC) enzyme, which leads to demyelination of the central and peripheral nervous systems. Almost all patients with Krabbe disease are infants, and this is the first report of adult-onset cases that describe pathological findings. Here, we present two autopsy cases: a 73-year-old female and a 2-year-old male.