Atmospheric electrostatic induction on carrier transfer in volumetric photoelectrochemical system with MXene-modified electrodes.

With WO/BiVO/MXene ternary composite layers as a working electrode, a smart volumetric photoelectrochemical system using electrostatic bias voltage inducted by atmospheric electric field was developed. Under single sun illumination and 0.8 V hardwired bias, the current response of the ternary electrode is 1.