Ligno(hemi)cellulolytic Enzyme Profiles during the Developmental Cycle of the Royal Oyster Medicinal Mushroom Pleurotus eryngii (Agaricomycetes) Grown on Supplemented Agri-Wastes.

We have determined the production profiles of major ligno(hemi)cellulolytic enzymes at different stages of the mushroom development cycle during industrial scale cultivation of Pleurotus eryngii on supplemented agri-wastes. Endo-1,4-β-glucanase, cellobiohydrolase and endoxylanase levels remained relatively low during substrate colonization, increased sharply when small fruit bodies appeared, and peaked at maturation. β-Glucosidase and β-xylosidase levels decreased when substrate colonization was complete, increased with the appearance of small fruit bodies and primordia, respectively, and reached maxima at maturation.

Comparison of endoglucanase-1 (EG1) induction in the edible straw mushroom Volvariella volvacea by lactose and/or cellobiose with or without added sorbose.

We have compared the induction of an endoglucanase (EG1) by α-lactose and/or cellobiose, with or without added L-sorbose, in submerged cultures of Volvariella volvacea, to better understand the mechanism whereby cellulase formation is triggered by these soluble disaccharides. EG1 levels induced by α-lactose and cellobiose were 28.6% and 6.

Effect of electron beam irradiation on postharvest quality and selected enzyme activities of the white button mushroom, Agaricus bisporus.

Agaricus bisporus fruit bodies were exposed to different doses (1, 2, 3, and 4 kGy) of electron beam irradiation (EBI), and various physiological changes associated with postharvest deterioration, as well as selected enzymes considered to play a role in senescence, were monitored over a subsequent 16-day storage period at 4 degrees C and 75-85% relative humidity. EBI retarded postharvest mushroom softening and overall increases in malondialdehyde levels were more pronounced in controls compared with those of the irradiated samples. After 10 days of storage, polyphenoloxidase activity in samples irradiated with 1-4 kGy doses was significantly (P<0.

Effect of different packaging films on postharvest quality and selected enzyme activities of Hypsizygus marmoreus mushrooms.

Freshly harvested Hypsizygus marmoreus mushrooms were packaged using different packaging films, and physiological changes associated with postharvest deterioration, together with the activities of selected enzymes thought to play a role in senescence, were monitored during subsequent storage for 16-24 days at 4 degrees C and 65-70% relative humidity. A biaxially oriented polypropylene film (BOPP) maintained the postharvest appearance of the mushrooms most effectively by significantly reducing the incidence of unsightly aerial hyphae on the pileal surface and restricting mushroom softening. These samples also exhibited smaller initial decreases in soluble protein, smaller increases in reducing sugar content, and lower levels of malondialdehyde accumulation during early storage.

Effect of 60Co-irradiation on postharvest quality and selected enzyme activities of Hypsizygus marmoreus fruit bodies.

Hypsizygus marmoreus fruit bodies were exposed to different doses of (60)Co gamma-irradiation, stored at 4 degrees C and 65-70% relative humidity, and various physiological changes associated with postharvest deterioration, as well as the activities of selected enzymes widely considered to play a role in the process of senescence, were monitored over a subsequent storage period of 25 days. Exposure to 0.8 kGy irradiation was clearly beneficial in maintaining the postharvest appearance of the mushroom sporophores compared to non-irradiated samples and fruit bodies exposed to higher doses (1.

[High-level production of neutral endoglucanase 1 in Pichia pastoris].

The gene (eg1) encoding for novel endoglucanase 1 was cloned previously from Chinese straw mushroom Volvariella volvacea. EG1 has high thermal stability and optimal pH at neutral and shows great potential in textile and paper industry applications. To improve the expression level of EG1 in Pichia pastoris, the increasing copy number of clone, and its high cell density fermentation in 3.

[Comparative study on triterpenes in different Ganoderma species].

The triterpene profiles of different Ganoderma products was analysed by HPLC. The results showed that the seven-day fermented mycelia had little triterpene and different growth stages fruiting bodies almost had changeless triterpene. Compared with the fruiting body, the triterpene level of spore was lower.

[Analysis on the volatile flavor compounds in Agaricus blazei by GC-MS].

The volatile flavor compounds in Agaricus blazei fruit bodies and mycelia were analyzed by head space analysis GC-MS. 7 kinds of volatile flavor compounds were identified in fruit bodies, and 16 in mycelia. Benzaldehyde and benzyl alcohol are main compounds in fruit bodies, their contents are 43.