Rumen Development of Tianhua Mutton Sheep Was Better than That of Gansu Alpine Fine Wool Sheep under Grazing Conditions.

The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the differences in rumen tissue morphology, volatile fatty acid content, and rumen microflora between Tianhua mutton sheep and Gansu alpine fine wool sheep under the same grazing conditions. Twelve 30-day-old lambs were randomly selected from two different flocks in Duolong Village and grazed together for a period of 150 days. The rumen tissue was fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde and brought back to the laboratory for H&E staining, the volatile fatty acid content of the rumen contents was detected by gas chromatography, and the rumen flora structure was sequenced by full-length sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene using the PacBio sequencing platform.

A Deep Long-Term Joint Temporal-Spectral Network for Spectrum Prediction.

Spectrum prediction is a promising technique to release spectrum resources and plays an essential role in cognitive radio networks and spectrum situation generating. Traditional algorithms normally focus on one-dimensional or predict spectrum values in a slot-by-slot manner and thus cannot fully perceive the spectrum states in complex environments and lack timeliness. In this paper, a deep learning-based prediction method with a simple structure is developed for temporal-spectral and multi-slot spectrum prediction simultaneously.

Fine-Grained Radio Frequency Fingerprint Recognition Network Based on Attention Mechanism.

With the rapid development of the internet of things (IoT), hundreds of millions of IoT devices, such as smart home appliances, intelligent-connected vehicles, and wearable devices, have been connected to the network. The open nature of IoT makes it vulnerable to cybersecurity threats. Traditional cryptography-based encryption methods are not suitable for IoT due to their complexity and high communication overhead requirements.

A target-triggered fluorescence-SERS dual-signal nano-system for real-time imaging of intracellular telomerase activity.

Telomerase (TE) is a promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for many cancers. Quantification of TE activity in living cells is of great significance in biomedical and clinical research. Conventional fluorescence-based sensors for quantification of intracellular TE may suffer from problems of fast photobleaching and auto-fluorescence of some endogenous molecules, and hence are liable to produce false negative or positive results.

A Multitask Network for People Counting, Motion Recognition, and Localization Using Through-Wall Radar.

Due to the outstanding penetrating detection performance of low-frequency electromagnetic waves, through-wall radar (TWR) has gained widespread applications in various fields, including public safety, counterterrorism operations, and disaster rescue. TWR is required to accomplish various tasks, such as people detection, people counting, and positioning in practical applications. However, most current research primarily focuses on one or two tasks.

Tracing the geographical origin of tobacco at two spatial scales by stable isotope and element analyses with chemometrics.

Tobacco is a widely cultivated cash crop, but it is often smuggled and sold illegally. Unfortunately, there is currently no way to verify the origin of tobacco in China. In an effort to address this issue, we conducted a study using stable isotopes and elements from 176 tobacco samples at both provincial and municipal scales.

Telomerase-initiated three-dimensional DNAzyme motor for monitoring of telomerase activity in living cells.

Telomerase (TE) is recognized as a potential biomarker for early diagnosis, monitoring and treatment of cancer. At present, most of the methods for TE detection are only applicable to in vitro assays, and unsuitable for in vivo applications. Though a few intracellular probes have been reported to have good specificity for TE, they do not involve signal amplification, which hinders their applicability in scenarios requiring high sensitivity.

Effects of activated carbon, biochar, and carbon nanotubes on the heterogeneous Fenton oxidation catalyzed by pyrite for ciprofloxacin degradation.

Pyrite and engineering carbon materials have received increasing attention for their catalytic potential in Fenton reactions due to their extensive sources and low cost. However, effects of carbon materials on the degradation of pollutants by pyrite-catalyzed heterogeneous Fenton oxidation have not been fully understood. In this study, the performance of pyrite-catalyzed heterogeneous Fenton system on the degradation of ciprofloxacin (CIP) was investigated in the presence of activated carbon (AC), biochar (BC), and carbon nanotubes (CNTs).

You Only Train Once: Learning General and Distinctive 3D Local Descriptors.

Extracting distinctive, robust, and general 3D local features is essential to downstream tasks such as point cloud registration. However, existing methods either rely on noise-sensitive handcrafted features, or depend on rotation-variant neural architectures. It remains challenging to learn robust and general local feature descriptors for surface matching.

Calibration model transfer in mid-infrared process analysis with attenuated total reflectance immersion probes.

Process applications of mid-infrared (MIR) spectrometry may involve replacement of the spectrometer and/or measurement probe, which generally requires a calibration transfer method to maintain the accuracy of analysis. In this study, direct standardisation (DS), piecewise direct standardisation (PDS) and spectral space transformation (SST) were compared for analysis of ternary mixtures of acetone, ethanol and ethyl acetate. Three calibration transfer examples were considered: changing the spectrometer, multiplexing two probes to a spectrometer, and changing the diameter of the attenuated total reflectance (ATR) probe (as might be required when scaling up from lab to process analysis).

The role of microplastics in altering arsenic fractionation and microbial community structures in arsenic-contaminated riverine sediments.

The ability of microplastics (MPs) to interact with environmental pollutants is of great concern. Riverine sediments, as sinks for multi-pollutants, have been rarely studied for MPs risk evaluation. Meanwhile, MPs generated from biodegradable plastics are questioning the safety of the promising materials.

Impacts of typical engineering nanomaterials on the response of rhizobacteria communities and rice (Oryza sativa L.) growths in waterlogged antimony-contaminated soils.

The combined eco-risks of Sb (widely presented in soils, especially nearing mining areas) and the engineering nanomaterials (ENMs) (applied in agriculture and soil remediation) still remain uncovered. The current study investigated the impacts of single and combined exposure of CuO, CeO nanoparticles (NPs) and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNTs) with Sb on rice growths and rhizosphere bacterial communities. The results showed that co-exposure of CuO NPs (0.

Label-free and sensitive microRNA detection method based on the locked nucleic acid assisted fishing amplification strategy.

Herein, a label free and sensitive miRNA detection method with enhanced practical applicability was developed based on the locked nucleic acid (LNA) assisted repeated fishing amplification strategy. The working mechanism of the proposed method is as follows: 1) a DNA probe (i.e, L-DNA) with LNA bases is immobilized onto the surface of a gold foil.

The combined toxicity and mechanism of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and nano copper oxide toward freshwater algae: Tetradesmus obliquus.

Nanoparticles (NPs) are widely used for their special physical properties and released into the natural environment. When two types of NPs exist in the same environment, the presence of one type of NP may affect the properties of the other type of NP. This study investigated the toxic effects of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) on Tetradesmus obliquus.

The combined toxicity and mechanism of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and nano zinc oxide toward the cabbage.

The natural environment is a complex system, and there is never only one kind of nanomaterial entering the environment. However, many studies only considered the plant toxicity of one kind of nanomaterial and do not consider the influence of two or more kinds of nanomaterials on plant toxicity. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are two common and widely used nanomaterials in water environment, so these two kinds of nanomaterials were chosen to explore the effects of their combined toxicity on cabbage.

The effect of UV exposure on conventional and degradable microplastics adsorption for Pb (II) in sediment.

Plastic discharged into the environment would break down into microplastics (MPs). However, the possible impact of MPs on heavy metals in the aquatic sediment remains unknown. In order to evaluate the potential role of MPs as carriers of coexisting pollutants, the adsorption capacity of lead ions from sediment onto aged degradable and conventional MPs were investigated as a function of lead ions concentration, contact time, temperature, MPs dosage, aging time, and fulvic acid concentration.

Evaluating the metabolic functional profiles of the microbial community and alfalfa (Medicago sativa) traits affected by the presence of carbon nanotubes and antimony in drained and waterlogged sediments.

Antimony (Sb) is the ubiquitous re-emerging contaminant greatly accumulated in sediments which has been revealed risky to ecological environment. However, the impacts of Sb (III/V) on microbes and plants in sediments, under different water management with presence of engineering materials are poorly understood. This study conducted sequential incubation of sediments (flooding, draining and planting) with presence of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and Sb to explore the influence on microbial functional diversity, Sb accumulation and alfalfa traits.

Label-free microRNA detection through analyzing the length distribution pattern of the residual fragments of probe DNA produced during exonuclease III assisted signal amplification by mass spectrometry.

Biosensors based on various spectroscopic techniques discriminate the target microRNA (miRNA) from non-target ones with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) according to the differences in signal intensities which can be caused by other factors besides SNPs. As a result, they are liable to produce false positive results. Herein, we report an attempt to develop a false-positive resistance, sensitive and reliable mass spectrometric platform for miRNA detection.

Ultrasensitive detection of protein biomarkers by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry based on ZnFeO nanoparticles and mass tagging signal amplification.

A facile MALDI-TOF mass spectrometric platform for quantitative analysis of protein biomarkers was developed based on magnetic ZnFeO nanoparticles and mass tagging signal amplification. In this platform, magnetic ZnFeO nanoparticles functionalized with an aptamer of the biomarker of interest was used to magnetically separate silica nanoparticles modified with another aptamer of the target biomarker and a barcoding peptide from solution phase in the presence of the biomarker of interest. After the silica nanoparticles were dissolved by KHF, the released barcoding peptide was detected by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry with magnetic ZnFeO nanoparticles used as assisting matrix of laser desorption ionization.

Detection of microRNAs by the combination of Exonuclease-III assisted target recycling amplification and repeated-fishing strategy.

A simple but effective method for the detection of miRNAs was proposed by integrating exonuclease-III assisted target recycling amplification and repeated-fishing strategy. In the proposed method, exonuclease-III assisted target recycling amplification reaction is adopted to produce a large amount of DNA fragments with fluorescence group at its 5' end in the presence of the target miRNA, which are then repeatedly fished out from the reaction mixture by a gold foil modified with a capture probe and transferred into a so-called 'product tube'. The amount of the target miRNA can then be determined from the fluorescence measurement of the solution in the 'product tube'.

An assumption-free quantitative polymerase chain reaction method with internal standard.

In real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the standard curve between threshold cycle and logarithm of template concentration is currently the gold standard for template quantification. The efficacy of this approach is limited by the necessary assumption that all samples are amplified with the same efficiency. To overcome this limitation, a new method has been proposed in this contribution for quantitative PCR with internal standard.

Coherent Integration Method Based on Radon-NUFFT for Moving Target Detection Using Frequency Agile Radar.

This paper considers the coherent integration problem for moving target detection using frequency agile (FA) radar, involving range cell migration (RCM) and the nonuniform phase fluctuations among different pulses caused by range-agile frequency (R-AF) coupling and velocity-time-agile frequency (V-T-AF) coupling. After the analysis of the term corresponding to the phase fluctuation caused by V-T-AF coupling, the term can be regarded as related to an equivalent non-uniform slow time, and nonuniform fast Fourier transform (NUFFT) could be the solution. So a fast coherent integration method combining Radon Fourier transform (RFT) and NUFFT based on low-rank approximation, i.

A novel ratiometric fluorescent sensing method based on MnO nanosheet for sensitive detection of alkaline phosphatase in serum.

Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is an important biomarker for clinical diagnosis. Abnormal levels of ALP are closely related to many diseases. In this contribution, a ratiometric fluorescent sensing method based on the competition between two oxidation-reduction reactions related to MnO nanosheets was developed for ALP detection.