Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Candidate Genes Related to Structural and Storage Carbohydrate Biosynthesis in Kelp Saccharina japonica (Laminariales, Phaeophyceae).

Saccharina japonica is a brown macroalga that has been commercially cultivated in China for almost a century. As a natural raw material, it is widely used in the food and pharmaceutical industries, and it may potentially be useful for biofuel production. However, little is known about the genes involved in carbohydrate biosynthesis, and their regulation is less understood.

Improving seedless kelp (Saccharina japonica) during its domestication by hybridizing gametophytes and seedling-raising from sporophytes.

Dongfang no.7 (Saccharina japonica) was bred and maintained by hybridizing gametophytes, self-crossing the best individuals, selecting the best self-crossing line and seedling-raising from yearly reconstructed sporophytes. It increased the air dry yield by 43.

Development of FRET-based dual-excitation ratiometric fluorescent pH probes and their photocaged derivatives.

Dual-excitation ratiometric fluorescent probes allow the measurement of fluorescence intensities at two excitation wavelengths, which should provide a built-in correction for environmental effects. However, most of the small-molecule dual-excitation ratiometric probes that have been reported thus far have shown rather limited separation between the excitation wavelengths (20-70 nm) and/or a very small molar absorption coefficient at one of the excitation wavelengths. These shortcomings can lead to cross-excitation and thus to errors in the measurement of fluorescence intensities and ratios.

Photocontrollable analyte-responsive fluorescent probes: a photocaged copper-responsive fluorescence turn-on probe.

Analyte-responsive fluorescent probes are valuable chemical tools for dissecting complex living systems. However, the major shortcoming of fluorescent probes is that once they enter the cells, control over them is basically lost. It is critical to regulate fluorescent probes in a spatial and temporal manner, as functions of biomolecules are spatiotemporal.

A sensitive and selective fluorescent thiol probe in water based on the conjugate 1,4-addition of thiols to alpha,beta-unsaturated ketones.

Compound 1 was designed and synthesized as a new fluorescent thiol probe. Probe 1 was constructed on the basis of the conjugate 1,4-addition of thiols to alpha,beta-unsaturated ketones. Notably, probe 1 has suitable water solubility, which allows the sensing assay to be performed in water.

A novel ratiometric fluorescent Fe3+ sensor based on a phenanthroimidazole chromophore.

Phenanthroimidazole derivative 1 has been developed as a rare example of ratiometric fluorescent sensors for Fe(3+). Interestingly, upon treatment with Fe(3+), the sensor displayed a ratiometric fluorescent response with an enhancement of the ratios of emission intensities at 440 and 500 nm from 0.36 to 3.

A ratiometric fluorescent probe for cysteine and homocysteine displaying a large emission shift.

4-(1H-phenanthro[9,10-d]imidazol-2-yl)benzaldehyde 1 was rationally designed as a novel ratiometric fluorescent probe for cysteine and homocysteine. Upon addition of cysteine or homocysteine, notably, the probe displayed a very large (125 nm) hypsochromic shift in emission due to switching off intramolecular charge transfer. This large emission wavelength shift may allow probe 1 to be employed for quantitatively detecting Cys/Hcy.