Variations in the motility and biofilm formation abilities of Escherichia coli O157:H7 during noodle processing.

Motility and biofilm formation help to protect bacteria from host immune responses and facilitate tolerance of environmental stimuli to improve their adaptability. However, few reports have investigated the adaptability of bacteria that live in food substrates undergoing food processing-induced stress. In this study, variations in the surface morphology, bacterial count, motility, and biofilm formation abilities of Escherichia coli O157:H7 NCTC12900 were investigated during noodle processing, including the kneading, squeezing, resting, and sheeting phases.

Evolution behavior of the coherent vortex dipole in oceanic turbulence.

The propagation of a Gaussian Schell-model (GSM) beam with a coherent vortex dipole (CVD) through oceanic turbulence is studied in detail. The creation and annihilation of the CVDs occur with propagation, which is similar to the case of atmospheric turbulence. However, the appearance and vanishment of a coherent vortex may occur by varying the propagation distance, oceanic turbulence parameters, or beam parameters, which is different from the case of atmospheric turbulence.

Research on the Stationarity of Hexapod Robot Posture Adjustment.

This paper proposes a smooth adjustment method for the instability problem that occurs during the start and stop of a multi-footed robot during attitude change. First, kinematics analysis is used to establish the mapping relationship between the joint angles of the robot support legs and the body posture. The leg joint angle is a known quantity that can be measured accurately and in real time.

Diagnosing chronic atrophic gastritis by gastroscopy using artificial intelligence.

Background: The sensitivity of endoscopy in diagnosing chronic atrophic gastritis is only 42%, and multipoint biopsy, despite being more accurate, is not always available.

Aims: This study aimed to construct a convolutional neural network to improve the diagnostic rate of chronic atrophic gastritis.

Methods: We collected 5470 images of the gastric antrums of 1699 patients and labeled them with their pathological findings.

Interaction of two singular Lissajous lines in free space.

The interaction of two singular Lissajous lines emergent from a polychromatic vector beam is studied. It is shown that singular Lissajous lines disappear with propagation; meanwhile Lissajous singularities take place. The handedness reversal, the changes in the shape of Lissajous figures, and the degree of polarization of Lissajous singularities, as well as the creation and annihilation of a single singularity, may appear by varying the control parameters.

Beam wander of partially coherent array beams through non-Kolmogorov turbulence.

Based on the theory of second moments and non-Kolmogorov spectrum, the beam wander theory is extend to non-Kolmogorov turbulence, the general analytical expression of beam wander in non-Kolmogorov turbulence is derived. Beam wander depends on the non-Kolmogorov turbulence parameters and the initial second moments of the laser beam at the input plane. Taking the Gaussian Schell model array beams as an example, the effects of the generalized exponent parameter, inner scale, and outer scale of non-Kolmogorov turbulence and the beam separation distance, beam number, and coherence degree on the beam wander are studied in detail.

Propagation properties of partially coherent electromagnetic hyperbolic-sine-Gaussian vortex beams through non-Kolmogorov turbulence.

Propagation properties of partially coherent electromagnetic hyperbolic-sine-Gaussian (PCESHG) vortex beams through non-Kolmogorov atmospheric turbulence, including the spectral degree of polarization and evolution behavior of coherent vortices and average intensity are investigated in detail by using the extended Huygens-Fresnel principle and the spatial power spectrum of the refractive index of non-Kolmogorov turbulence. It is shown that the motion, creation and annihilation of the coherent vortices of PCESHG vortex beams in non-Kolmogorov turbulence may appear with the increasing propagation distance, and the distance for the conservation of the topological charge depends on the turbulence parameters and beam parameters. In additions, the evolution behavior of coherent vortices, average intensity and spectral degree of polarization vary significantly for different values of the generalized exponent parameter and the generalized refractive-index structure parameter of non-Kolmogorov turbulence, and the beam parameters as well as the propagation distance.

Evolution behavior of Gaussian Schell-model vortex beams propagating through oceanic turbulence.

The analytical expressions for the cross-spectral density and average intensity of Gaussian Schell-model (GSM) vortex beams propagating through oceanic turbulence are obtained by using the extended Huygens-Fresnel principle and the spatial power spectrum of the refractive index of ocean water. The evolution behavior of GSM vortex beams through oceanic turbulence is studied in detail by numerical simulation. It is shown that the evolution behavior of coherent vortices and average intensity depends on the oceanic turbulence including the rate of dissipation of turbulent kinetic energy per unit mass of fluid, rate of dissipation of mean-square temperature, relative strength of temperature salinity fluctuations, and beam parameters including the spatial correlation length and topological charge of the beams, as well as the propagation distance.

Electric and magnetic polarization singularities of first-order Laguerre-Gaussian beams diffracted at a half-plane screen.

Based on the vector Fresnel diffraction integrals, analytical expressions for the electric and magnetic components of first-order Laguerre-Gaussian beams diffracted at a half-plane screen are derived and used to study the electric and magnetic polarization singularities in the diffraction field for both two- and three-dimensional (2D and 3D) cases. It is shown that there exist 2D and 3D electric and magnetic polarization singularities in the diffraction field, which do not coincide each other in general. By suitably varying the waist width ratio, off-axis displacement parameter, amplitude ratio, or propagation distance, the motion, pair-creation, and annihilation of circular polarization singularities, and the motion of linear polarization singularities take place in 2D and 3D electric and magnetic fields.

Propagation of Riemann-Silberstein vortices through an astigmatic lens.

The propagation of Riemann-Silberstein (RS) vortices for Gaussian vortex beams with topological charges m=+1 through a lens is studied. It is shown that if there is an ideal lens, a RS vortex and a circular edge dislocation appear for Gaussian on-axis vortex beams, while only RS vortices take place for Gaussian off-axis vortex beams. In the presence of an astigmatic lens, there exist RS vortices but no edge dislocations for both Gaussian on-axis and off-axis beams.