Electrochemical oscillation during copper recovery from waste printed circuit boards by slurry electrolysis: Generation mechanism and process characteristics.

Slurry electrolysis can be used to recover copper from waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs), but electrochemical oscillations during recovery increase the power consumption. Therefore, copper(II) chloride was selected as a simulated electrolyte to study electrochemical oscillations during the recovery of copper from WPCBs by slurry electrolysis. The results showed that a cuprous chloride passivation film formed on the cathode and induced decaying, bottom-up electrochemical oscillations whose amplitude and frequency were affected by several factors.

Advances on jarosite residue detoxification and reutilization: a review.

Jarosite residues are typical hazardous waste byproducts generated during the iron removal process in hydrometallurgical solutions. The jarosite process is widely used for iron removal in zinc hydrometallurgy; jarosite disposal has become a significant barrier to sustainable development in the industry. During this process, jarosite residues entrain and co-precipitate with heavy metals, which are hazardous but valuable.

The impact of informal control on the innovation performance of female technology professionals from the perspective of role pressure.

Background: With the rapid advancement of the technology industry, particularly in STEM fields, female professionals have increasingly become key drivers of innovation. Despite this, existing research has seldom examined the psychological impact of informal control on their innovation performance. Therefore, this study distributed questionnaires to female technology professionals in China's STEM field to investigate the effect of informal control on their innovation performance from a psychological perspective.

Iron separation from iron-rich manganese ore leachate: Comprehensive optimization of operating parameters and economic viability.

In the current electrolytic manganese industry, iron separation and reuse from iron-rich manganese ore leachate (IRMOL) has become one of the most pressing challenges. This study aimed to investigate the optimal conditions for iron separation from IRMOL and to assess the economic and practical advantages of iron separation or removal in industrial manufacturing. To identify more cost-effective and technologically advanced production circumstances, we examined five key elements that weaken Fe(OH) colloidal production conditions in enterprises: reaction temperature, pH, crystal species, aging and reaction time.

Efficacy of endovascular embolization versus microsurgical clamping in the treatment of intracranial aneurysms: a meta-analysis.

Intracranial aneurysms (IA) can induce increased intracranial pressure, headache, and the development of nausea and vomiting if not treated in time, and failure to receive timely diagnosis and treatment can lead to disability or death. However, the efficacy and prognostic value of craniotomy and endovascular embolization in patients with IA remains a controversial topic. This meta-analysis systematically evaluated the efficacy of endovascular coiling versus cranial aneurysm clamping on the immediate postoperative outcome and prognosis of patients with IA.

Comparing extracellular volume fraction with apparent diffusion coefficient for the characterization of breast tumors.

Purpose: To investigate the feasibility of dual-energy CT (DECT)-derived extracellular volume (ECV) fraction for characterization of breast tumors, compared to apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and validated against histopathological findings.

Material And Methods: The ECV fraction and ADC were prospectively assessed in patients with breast tumors using chest DECT and breast MRI. The diagnostic performance of ECV fraction and ADC was accessed in predicting breast histopathological subtypes and pathological complete response (pCR) status.

Early prediction of pathologic complete response of breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy using longitudinal ultrafast dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the temporal trends of ultrafast dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI during neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and to investigate whether the changes in DCE-MRI parameters could early predict pathologic complete response (pCR) of breast cancer.

Materials And Methods: This longitudinal study prospectively recruited consecutive participants with breast cancer who underwent ultrafast DCE-MRI examinations before treatment and after two, four, and six NAC cycles between February 2021 and February 2022. Five ultrafast DCE-MRI parameters (maximum slope [MS], time-to-peak [TTP], time-to-enhancement [TTE], peak enhancement intensity [PEI], and initial area under the curve in 60 s [iAUC]) and tumor size were measured at each timepoint.

The Impact of Interactive Control in Budget Management on Innovation Performance of Enterprises: From the Perspective of Manager Role Stress.

This study aimed to study the influence of the interactive budget on enterprise innovation performance from the perspective of managerial psychology, and to examine the mediating effect of managers' stress and the moderating effect of environmental turbulence in this influence. The study collected 228 managers' data in the Yangtze River Delta region of China through online questionnaires; the structural equation model is constructed by IBM SPSS Amos 24.0, and the data is analyzed by Mplus 7.

Multiple parameters from ultrafast dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging to discriminate between benign and malignant breast lesions: Comparison with apparent diffusion coefficient.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was first to assess the diagnostic performance of ultrafast dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) parameters compared to apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) for distinguishing benign from malignant breast lesions and second to investigate the complementarity of ultrafast DCE-MRI with DWI in that task.

Materials And Methods: A total of 142 women (mean age, 48.42 ± 11.

XGBoost-based multiparameters from dual-energy computed tomography for the differentiation of multiple myeloma of the spine from vertebral osteolytic metastases.

Objectives: To evaluate the performance of extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) combined with multiparameters from dual-energy computed tomography (mpDECT) to differentiate between multiple myeloma (MM) of the spine and vertebral osteolytic metastases (VOM).

Methods: For this retrospective study, 28 patients (83 lesions) with MM of the spine and 23 patients (54 lesions) with VOM who underwent DECT were included. The mpDECT for each lesion, including normalized effective atomic number, slope of the spectral Hounsfield unit curve, CT attenuation, and virtual noncalcium (VNCa), was obtained.

N-myc downstream regulated gene 1 inhibition of tumor progression in Caco2 cells.

Background: Invasion and migration are the irreversible stages of colorectal cancer (CRC). The key is to find a sensitive, reliable molecular marker that can predict the migration of CRC at an early stage. N-myc downstream regulated gene 1 (NDRG1) is a multifunctional gene that has been tentatively reported to have a strong relationship with tumor invasion and migration, however the current molecular role of NDRG1 in CRC remains unknown.

Initial Investigation of Clinical Value of Noise-Optimized Virtual Monoenergetic Images Derived From Dual-Energy Computed Tomography Angiography in Preoperative Perforator Planning of Anterolateral Thigh Flap Transplantation.

Objective: To objectively and subjectively assess the image characteristics of noise-optimized virtual monoenergetic images [MEI (+)] and polyenergetic images (PEIs) from dual-energy computed tomography angiography and then to explore the clinical value of the optimal MEI (+) in preoperative perforator planning of anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap transplantation.

Methods: Sixteen patients (32 thighs) who underwent lower extremity run-off dual-energy computed tomography angiography for planning ALT flap transplantation were enrolled. One standard PEI and 5 MEI (+) in 10-keV intervals (range, 40-80 keV) were reconstructed.

Electrolytic manganese residue disposal based on basic burning raw material: Heavy metals solidification/stabilization and long-term stability.

Solidification/stabilization (S/S) is an option for the treatment of electrolytic manganese residue (EMR). Basic burning raw material (BRM) could successfully solidify/stabilize EMR, though heavy metals S/S mechanism and long-term stability remain unclear. Herein, Mn and NH S/S behavior, hydrated BRM and S/S EMR characterization, Mn long-term leaching behavior, phase and morphology changes for long-term leaching were discussed in detail to clarify these mechanisms.

Low-dose CT with tin filter combined with iterative metal artefact reduction for guiding lung biopsy.

Background: Computed tomography (CT) is currently the imaging modality of choice for guiding pulmonary percutaneous procedures. The use of a tin filter allows low-energy photons to be absorbed which contribute little to image quality but increases the radiation dose that a patient receives. Iterative metal artefact reduction (iMAR) was developed to diminish metal artefacts.

Application of machine learning with multiparametric dual-energy computed tomography of the breast to differentiate between benign and malignant lesions.

Background: Multiparametric dual-energy computed tomography (mpDECT) is widely used to differentiate various kinds of tumors; however, the data regarding its diagnostic performance with machine learning to diagnose breast tumors is limited. We evaluated univariate analysis and machine learning performance with mpDECT to distinguish between benign and malignant breast lesions.

Methods: In total, 172 patients with 214 breast lesions (55 benign and 159 malignant) who underwent preoperative dual-phase contrast-enhanced DECT were included in this retrospective study.

Synergistic solidification/stabilization of electrolytic manganese residue and carbide slag.

Electrolytic manganese residue (EMR) contains high concentrations of NH and heavy metals, such as Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb, Ni and Co, while carbide slag (CS) contains high amount of OH and CO, both posing a serious threat to the ecosystem. In this study, EMR and CS synergistic stabilization/solidification (S/S) was discussed science CS could stabilize or solidify EMR and simultaneously reduce its corrosive. The results showed that after the synergistic S/S for 24 h when liquid-solid ratio was 17.

Clinical and genomic analyses of neuroendocrine neoplasms of the breast.

Breast neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) constitute a rare histologic subtype that includes both neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs). In this study, we aimed to gain insight into the clinical and molecular characteristics of NENs of the breast. NEN and paired distant normal fresh tissues and clinicopathological data were obtained from 17 patients with NENs, and clinicopathological data were collected from 755 patients with invasive breast carcinomas of no special type (IBCs-NST).

Dual-energy CT quantitative parameters for the differentiation of benign from malignant lesions and the prediction of histopathological and molecular subtypes in breast cancer.

Background: Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) is widely used to characterize and differentiate tumors. However, data regarding its diagnostic performance for the characterization of breast tumors are limited. In this study, we assessed the diagnostic performance of quantitative parameters derived from DECT in differentiating benign from malignant lesions and predicting histopathological and molecular subtypes in patients with breast cancer.

Subjective and Objective Assessment of Monoenergetic and Polyenergetic Images Acquired by Dual-Energy CT in Breast Cancer.

Objective: To objectively and subjectively assess and compare the characteristics of monoenergetic images [MEI (+)] and polyenergetic images (PEI) acquired by dual-energy CT (DECT) of patients with breast cancer.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study evaluated the images and data of 42 patients with breast cancer who had undergone dual-phase contrast-enhanced DECT from June to September 2019. One standard PEI, five MEI (+) in 10-kiloelectron volt (keV) intervals (range, 40-80 keV), iodine density (ID) maps, iodine overlay images, and Z effective (Z) maps were reconstructed.

Metal mobility and toxicity of reclaimed copper smelting fly ash and smelting slag.

Copper is a nonferrous metal closely connected to humans. Approximately 40% of copper is produced by reclaimed copper smelting (RCS). Reclaimed copper smelting fly ash and smelting slag are generated during the RCS process, posing a serious threat to the ecosystem and environment as they contain many heavy metals, such as Cu and Zn.

Enhanced leaching of manganese from low-grade pyrolusite using ball milling and electric field.

In this study, electric field and ball milling were used to leach Mn from low-grade pyrolusite (LGP). The effects of current density, reaction time, reaction temperature, ball-to-powder weight ratio, and ball milling time on the leaching efficiency of Mn from LGP as well as the leaching mechanism were systematically studied. The results showed that the combined use of electric field and ball milling enhanced the leaching of Mn from LGP.

Dual-energy CT quantitative parameters for evaluating Immunohistochemical biomarkers of invasive breast cancer.

Background: Estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and Ki67 are the most useful immunohistochemical biomarkers of invasive breast cancer. The purpose of this study is to investigate the possibility of quantitative parameters derived from dual-energy CT (DECT) to discriminate immunohistochemical biomarkers of invasive breast cancer.

Methods: This prospective study enrolled 120 patients with invasive breast cancer who underwent preoperative contrast-enhanced DECT for staging purposes from June 2019 to January 2020.

Evaluating the Image Quality of Monoenergetic Images From Dual-Energy Computed Tomography With Low-Concentration and Low-Flow-Rate Contrast Media for the Arterials Supply to the Nipple-Areola Complex in Breast Cancer Compared With Conventional Computed Tomography Angiography.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the image quality of monoenergetic images (MEIs (+)) acquired from dual-energy computed tomography with low-concentration and low-flow-rate contrast media for the arterial supply to the nipple-areola complex (NAC) in breast cancer compared with conventional computed tomography angiography (CTA).

Methods: We enrolled 25 patients (MEI (+)300 group, 300 mg/mL and 2.5 mL/s of contrast media) and 23 patients (CTA370 group, 370 mg/mL and 3.

Research on energy efficiency improvement in a supply chain with discontinuous market demand.

In many countries, products are divided into several grades according to their energy efficiencies by the government. It leads to the discontinuous market demand for the products with different governmental energy efficiency certifications and further influences the relevant strategies of firms. Considering both increasing consumer environmental awareness and strict governmental grading standard, this paper develops a Stackelberg differential game between a manufacturer and a retailer.