Association between histone hyperacetylation status in memory T lymphocytes and allergen-induced eosinophilic airway inflammation.

Background And Objective: T lymphocytes, which are characterized by longevity and immune memory, play an important role in airway inflammation in asthma. Here, we assessed the association between immune memory and histone deacetylation and/or acetylation status.

Methods: CD4 + CD45RB(low) cells (memory T (Tm)) obtained from the spleens of asthma mice models were co-cultured with glucocorticoids (GCs), trichostatin A (TSA) or anacardic acid (AA) and adoptively transferred to naïve mice.

Injection therapies for lateral epicondylalgia: a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis.

Background: There are many injection therapies for lateral epicondylalgia but there has been no previous comprehensive comparison, based on the Bayesian method.

Methods: The MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) databases were searched for appropriate literature. The outcome measurement was the pain score.

Histone deacetylation of memory T lymphocytes by You-Gui-Wan alleviates allergen-induced eosinophilic airway inflammation in asthma.

Background: You-Gui pills (You-Gui-Wan; YGW) can promote T lymphocyte proliferation and differentiation, and restore Th1/Th2 balance in the treatment of asthma, but their mechanism of action is not fully known. This study aims to explore whether YGW can induce histone deacetylation or acetylation in memory T lymphocytes (Tm) for improvement of airway inflammation in asthma.

Methods: CD4(+)CD45RB(low) cells, as Tm, were obtained by magnetic-activated cell sorting and flow cytometry from the spleens of BALB/c mice with ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma.

Treatments for shoulder impingement syndrome: a PRISMA systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Many treatments for shoulder impingement syndrome (SIS) are available in clinical practice; some of which have already been compared with other treatments by various investigators. However, a comprehensive treatment comparison is lacking. Several widely used electronic databases were searched for eligible studies.

Association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer: the missing link.

Objective: This review focuses on current knowledge of specific processes that drive chronic airway inflammation which are important in the pathogenesis of both chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer.

Data Sources: The data used in this review were obtained mainly from studies reported in the PubMed database (1997 - 2012) using the terms of COPD and lung cancer.

Study Selection: Data from published articles about prevalence of COPD-lung cancer overlap and mechanism involved in lung cancer development in COPD were identified, retrieved and reviewed.

Acute pulmonary embolism: the clinical conundrum.

Despite important advances in the diagnosis and treatment of acute pulmonary embolism (APE), assessment of risk and appropriate management of patients remains a difficult task in clinical practice. In addition to hemodynamic instability and critically clinical condition, acute right ventricular dysfunction (RVD) is a major determinant of in-hospital outcomes. The purpose of this review is to discuss the results of these recent developments.

[Effects of epidermal growth factor receptor on airway inflammation in a rat asthmatic model].

Objective: To explore the possible roles of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in the process of acute and chronic airway inflammation in a rat asthmatic model.

Methods: Forty-five Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into control groups (subgroups A1, A2, A4), asthmatic groups (subgroups B1, B2, B4) and treatment groups (subgroups C1, C2, C4), with 5 mice in each subgroup. Mice in the asthmatic and treatment groups were exposed to OVA challenge for 1 week, 2 weeks and 4 weeks.

Mycophenolate mofetil and triptolide alleviating airway inflammation in asthmatic model mice partly by inhibiting bone marrow eosinophilopoiesis.

The bone marrow eosinophilopoiesis makes a major contribution to the chronic airway inflammation in asthmatic animals and patients. Some anti-asthmatic medicines alleviated the asthmatic airway inflammation by inhibiting the bone marrow eosinophilopoiesis. Immunosuppressive agents have been commonly used in patients with glucocorticoid refractory asthma and have been proved to be effective.

Effects of Astragalus membranaceus in promoting T-helper cell type 1 polarization and interferon-gamma production by up-regulating T-bet expression in patients with asthma.

Objective: To explore the effect of Astragalus membranaceus (AM) on T-helper cell type 1 (Thl) specific transcription factor T-box expressed in T cells (T-bet) expression and Thl/Th2 equilibrium.

Methods: The levels of T-bet mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 15 patients with asthma and 15 healthy subjects were determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). PBMCs in asthma patients were incubated with AM and then the concentration of interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) in the supernate before and after AM intervention were determined by ELISA.

A preliminary study towards downregulation of murine bone marrow eosinophilopoiesis mediated by small molecule inhibition of interleukin-5 receptor alpha gene in vitro.

Background: Bone marrow eosinophilopoiesis induced by IL-5 makes a major contribution to eosinophilic airway inflammation in asthma. Bone marrow CD(34)(+) cells expressing IL-5Ralpha may be eosinophil progenitors. However, research on the effect of blocking IL-5Ralpha expression on bone marrow eosinophilopoiesis has seldom been reported.

Effect of interleukin-5 receptor-alpha short hairpin RNA-expressing vector on bone marrow eosinophilopoiesis in asthmatic mice.

Bone marrow eosinophilopoiesis induced by interleukin (IL)-5 is a major contributor to eosinophilic airway inflammation in asthma. However,research on the use of IL-5 receptor alpha (IL-5Ralpha) as the target has seldom been reported. This study was undertaken to explore the effects of inhibition of IL-5Ralpha expression through an IL-5Ralpha short hairpin RNA-expressing vector on bone marrow eosinophilopoiesis and airway inflammation in an asthmatic mouse model.

[STAT1 antisense oligonucleotides inhibit secretion of TNF-alpha, IL-8 and NO in alveolar macrophages of rats suffering from interstitial pulmonary fibrosis].

Aim: To investigate the effect of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) antisense oligonucleotides (ASON) on secretion of TNF-alpha, IL-8 and NO by alveolar macrophages (AMs) of rats with bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis.

Methods: Five adult female Wistar rats were intratracheally instilled with BLM. After 7 days, the rats were sacrificed under ketamine anaesthesia and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed to obtain AMs.

Antisense oligonucleotides-induced local blockade of T-bet expression leads to airway inflammation in rats.

Aim: To explore whether local blockade of T-box expressed in T cells (T-bet) expression in the lungs could lead to airway inflammation.

Methods: Twenty-four rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: saline group, ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized group, nonsense group, and the antisense group. The OVA-sensitized rats were sensitized and challenged with OVA, and the rats in the nonsense and antisense groups were subjected to an aerosol delivery of the nonsense and antisense oligonucleotides (AS-ODN) of T-bet (0.

Relationship between bone mineral density and syndrome types described in traditional chinese medicine in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a preliminary clinical observation.

Osteoporosis is a common finding following chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but there are few reports on the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) and the syndrome types described in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in patients with COPD. A cross-sectional medical survey was used in this study. Twenty-six male patients with COPD and 26 age-matched male healthy subjects were recruited.

[The effect of STAT1 antisense oligonucleotides on lung fibroblast proliferation and hydroxyproline secretion].

Objective: To investigate the effect of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) antisense oligonucleotides on lung fibroblast proliferation and hydroxyproline secretion.

Methods: Ten adult female Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: one group was intratracheally instilled with bleomycin (BLM), while another group with 0.9% NaCl solution (NS).

[Inflammatory memory of pulmonary local lymphocytes in asthmatic mice].

Objective: To investigate if long-lived inflammatory memory exists in the airway of asthmatic mice, and whether pulmonary local lymphocytes could transfer the inflammatory memory.

Methods: 97 mice were divided into six groups by random number meter: asthma group (group A, n = 50), long term group (group B, n = 20), control group of long term (group C, n = 6), adoptive transfer group (group D, n = 12, subgroups D1, D2 and D3 divided based on the transferred cells counts), adoptive transfer control group (group E, n = 6), and naive group( group F, n = 3). There were subgroups using BSA (bovine serum album) substituting OVA (ovalbumin) for the second challenge, named subgroup B-BSA in group B and subgroup D-BSA in group D.