Enhanced Yield of Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activities in Four Fermented Beans of Phellinus linteus Strains (Agaricomycetes) by Solid-State Fermentation.

Phellinus linteus is a famous medicinal mushroom which exhibits various biological activities. This study aimed to investigate the effects of solid-state fermentation by Ph. linteus on the yield of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities of beans.

Optimal Liquid Inoculum Conditions and Grain Medium Enhanced Hispidin Production by Species of Genus Phellinus (Agaricomycetes) in Solid-State Fermentation.

This study aimed 1) to screen a high hispidin production strain from 12 strains of genus Phellinus and 2) to evaluate the effects of liquid inoculum conditions and grain medium on this strain's hispidin production levels after solid-state fermentation. The results showed that Ph. linteus 04 led to the highest hispidin production; this strain was then selected to elucidate the optimal liquid inoculum conditions and grain medium for hispidin production.

Calcined Oyster Shell Powder as a Natural Preservative for Maintaining Quality of White Shrimp ().

Oyster shell waste has led to many problems, including displeasing odors, pollution of the seaside, and harm to the environment. Using calcined oyster shells as a natural preservative might solve the problem of oyster shell waste. We studied the use of calcined oyster shell powder (COSP) as a natural preservative for improving shrimp shelf-life over 12 days under refrigerated conditions.

Bioactive and Physicochemical Characteristics of Natural Food: Palmyra Palm ( Linn.) Syrup.

Palmyra palm syrup, produced from flowers' sap, is rich in nutrients and minerals and has unique flavors. This study evaluated the in vitro antioxidant activity, physicochemical characteristics, and Maillard reaction products of palmyra palm syrup prepared by thermal and ultrafiltration processes. Palmyra palm syrup prepared by a thermal process had smaller L*, b* values, and larger a* values than that prepared by an ultrafiltration process.

Influences of carbon and nitrogen source addition, water content, and initial pH of grain medium on hispidin production of Phellinus linteus by solid-state fermentation.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of certain grain medium conditions, such as carbon and nitrogen source addition, water content, and initial pH, on the hispidin production of Phellinus linteus using solid-state fermentation. The results showed that the highest hispidin yield, specific productivity of hispidin, and total content of hispidin were associated with sucrose and malt extract addition, 55% water content, and an initial pH of 5.5, which resulted in 0.

Radical Scavenging and Antiproliferative Effects of Cordycepin-Rich Ethanol Extract from Brown Rice-Cultivated Cordyceps militaris (Ascomycetes) Mycelium on Breast Cancer Cell Lines.

The yield and efficacy of bioactive compounds from Cordyceps militaris fruiting bodies and its fermented grains usually vary with the strain used. In this study, we compared the antiproliferative, apoptotic, and antioxidative properties of ethanolic extracts of fruiting bodies and solid-stated fermented rice (FRE) from two wild-type strains of C. militaris applied to human breast cancer cell lines.

Biological efficiency and nutritional value of the culinary-medicinal mushroom cultivated on a sawdust basal substrate supplement with different proportions of grass plants.

was cultivated on a sawdust basal substrate supplemented with different proportions (30%, 45%, and 60%, respectively) of stalks of three grass plants, i.e., (PRS), (PPS), and (ZMS), to determine the most effective substrate.

Effect of Different Proportions of Agrowaste on Cultivation Yield and Nutritional Composition of the Culinary-Medicinal Jelly Mushroom Auricularia polytricha (Higher Basidiomycetes).

In this study, Auricularia polytricha was cultivated on a sawdust basal substrate supplemented with different proportions (30%, 45%, and 60%, respectively) of agrowastes-sugarcane bagasse (SB), rice straw (RS), and rice husk (RH)-to evaluate the alternative substrates. The mycelial growth rate, total colonization time, time to first primordia, biological efficiency, and chemical composition of the fruiting bodies were determined. Results indicated that the 60% SB substrate was the best substrate for mycelial growth of A.

Effects of Illumination Pattern during Cultivation of Fruiting Body and Bioactive Compound Production by the Caterpillar Medicinal Mushroom, Cordyceps militaris (Ascomycetes).

We investigated the effects of light intensity in the 3 cultivation stages separately-the mycelium colonization stage, the primordial initiation stage, and the fruiting stage (in order)-on fruiting body and bioactive compound production by Cordyceps militaris. In the mycelium colonization stage, rice substrates were incubated in a spawn running room at 23°C. During the primordial initiation stage, C.

Biological Activities of the Polysaccharides Produced from Different Sources of Xylaria nigripes (Ascomycetes), a Chinese Medicinal Fungus.

Xylaria nigripes, a local rare medicinal fungus, has multi-antioxidant activities owing to its water extraction as shown by previous research. However, the main indicator causing the antioxidant effect was not clear, so this research focused on the antioxidant activities from different sources of X. nigripes such as fruiting body polysaccharides, mycelium intracellular polysaccharides, mycelium extracellular polysaccharides, and their deproteinization products.

The Involvement of Serotonin in the Hypoglycemic Effects Produced by Administration of the Aqueous Extract of Xylaria nigripes with Steroid-Induced Insulin-Resistant Rats.

Xylaria nigripes (XN) is a medicinal fungus with a high-economic value. The aim of this study was to explore the hypoglycemic effects and mechanisms of the XN aqueous extract in steroid-induced insulin-resistant (SIIR) rats. Significant hypoglycemic effects were observed 60 min after administration of XN aqueous extract.

Various grain substrates for the production of fruiting bodies and bioactive compounds of the medicinal caterpillar mushroom, Cordyceps militaris (Ascomycetes).

In this study, several grains such as brown rice (Br), plumule rice (Pr), wheat (W) and pearl barley (Pb) supplemented with 1% (w/w) peptone (P), yeast extract (Ye), ammonia sulfate (As), and monosodium glutamate (Mg) as a nitrogen source, respectively, were used to produce fruiting bodies and bioactive compounds of two strains of Cordyceps militaris. Among these grain substrates, the substrate most suitable to mycelial growth was Pb+Ye for C. militaris H and L.

Cultivation of the culinary-medicinal Lung Oyster mushroom, Pleurotus pulmonarius (Fr.) Quél. (Agaricomycetideae) on grass plants in Taiwan.

Cultivation of the culinary-medicinal Lung Oyster mushroom, Pleurotus pulmonarius, on the stalks of three grass plants, i.e., Panicum repens, Pennisetum purpureum, and Zea mays were investigated.

Antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant effects of extracts from Pleurotus citrinopileatus.

Pleurotus citrinopileatus is a popular edible mushroom which is physiologically active in both humans and animals. In the study we investigate the effects of this mushroom on hyperlipidemic hamster rats. Four dietary forms of the mushroom were created as follows.

Optimization for the production of water-soluble polysaccharide from Pleurotus citrinopileatus in submerged culture and its antitumor effect.

In recent years, a number of studies have been done on the physiological effects of water-soluble polysaccharides (WSPS) and their antitumor and immuno-enhancing properties. Many edible mushrooms, in particular those rich in WSPS, not only taste good but also contain ingredients beneficial to the physiology of the human body. In this study, response surface methodology was used to determine the optimal conditions for the production of WSPS, including the C/N ratio, initial pH, and incubation temperature.