Cell-type specific localization and biological activity of the volatiles from the endemic species Chaerophyllum coloratum L.

New findings are presented for Chaerophyllum coloratum L. on the volatile composition of the essential oil, based on data of hydrosol and fresh plant material, light and electron microscopy of leaves, and cytotoxic and antiviral activity. The widespread Apiaceae family includes many well-known and economically important plants that are cultivated as food or spices.

Large-Scale Biogeographical Shifts of Abundance of Antibiotic Resistance Genes and Marine Bacterial Communities as Their Carriers along a Trophic Gradient.

The role of marine environments in the global spread of antibiotic resistance still remains poorly understood, leaving gaps in the One Health-based research framework. Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) encoding resistance to five major antibiotic classes, including sulfonamides (, ), tetracyclines (, ), β-lactams (, ), macrolides (, ), aminoglycosides (), and integrase gene () were quantified by RT-qPCR, and their distribution was investigated in relation to environmental parameters and the total bacterial community in bottom layer and surface waters of the central Adriatic (Mediterranean), over a 68 km line from the wastewater-impacted estuary to coastal and pristine open sea. Seasonal changes (higher in winter) were observed for antibiotic resistance frequency and the relative abundances of ARGs, which were generally higher in eutrophic coastal areas.

Significant Benefits of Environmentally Friendly Hydrosols from L. Seeds with Multiple Biological Activities.

L. is a traditional medicinal plant with a wide range of biological activities due to the degradation products of the glucosinolate glucotropaeolin. Therefore, the goals of this study were to identify volatiles using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (GC-MS) of the hydrosols (HYs) isolated using microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and microwave hydrodiffusion and gravity (MHG).

Picoplankton diversity in an oligotrophic and high salinity environment in the central Adriatic Sea.

By combining qualitative 16S metabarcoding and quantitative CARD-FISH methods with neural gas analysis, different patterns of the picoplankton community were revealed at finer taxonomic levels in response to changing environmental conditions in the Adriatic Sea. We present the results of a one-year study carried out in an oligotrophic environment where increased salinity was recently observed. We have shown that the initial state of community structure changes according to environmental conditions and is expressed as qualitative and quantitative changes.

Chemical Composition and Biological Activity of Essential Oil and Extract from the Seeds of L. var. .

Research Background: Plant L. (garden nasturtium) belongs to the family Tropaeolaceae and contains benzyl glucosinolate. The breakdown product of benzyl glucosinolate, benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC), exhibits various biological activities such as antiproliferative, antibacterial and antiinflammatory.

A Plant Worthy of Further Study-Volatile and Non-Volatile Compounds of (Port.) Tutin and Its Biological Activity.

New and detailed data are presented on the phytochemical composition of the volatile and non-volatile organic compounds of the Mediterranean endemic species (Port.) Tutin. Both the essential oil and hydrosol were obtained from the air-dried plant by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Microbiome profiling and characterization of virulent and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium from treated and untreated wastewater, beach water and clinical sources.

Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREfm) is an opportunistic pathogen among the highest global priorities regarding public and environmental health. Following One Health approach, we determined for the first time the antibiotic resistance and virulence genes, and sequence types (STs) affiliation of VREfm recovered simultaneously from marine beach waters, submarine outfall of a wastewater treatment plant and an offshore discharge of untreated sewage, and compared them with the surveillance VREfm from regional university hospital in Croatia to assess the hazard of their transmission and routes of introduction into the natural environment. Importantly, VREfm recovered from wastewater, coastal bathing waters and hospital shared similar virulence, multidrug resistance, and ST profiles, posing a major public health threat.

Submarine Outfalls of Treated Wastewater Effluents are Sources of Extensively- and Multidrug-Resistant KPC- and OXA-48-Producing in Coastal Marine Environment.

The rapid and ongoing spread of carbapenemase-producing has led to a global health threat. However, a limited number of studies have addressed this problem in the marine environment. We investigated their emergence in the coastal waters of the central Adriatic Sea (Croatia), which are recipients of submarine effluents from two wastewater treatment plants.

Free Volatile Compounds of ssp. (Baumg.) Eb. Fisch. and Their Biological Activity.

The composition of free volatile compounds of essential oils (EO) and hydrosols (Hy) from four different localities of the species ssp. (Baumg.) Eb.

Not Only a Weed Plant-Biological Activities of Essential Oil and Hydrosol of (L.) Greuter.

With the increasing interest in obtaining biologically active compounds from natural sources, (L.) Greuter (Asteraceae) came into our focus as a readily available and aromatic wild shrub widely distributed in the Mediterranean region. This work provides a phytochemical profile of in terms of parallel chemical composition in the lipophilic fraction (essential oil) and the water fraction (hydrosol).

Bacteria tolerant to colistin in coastal marine environment: Detection, microbiome diversity and antibiotic resistance genes' repertoire.

The global spread of mobilized colistin resistance (mcr) genes in clinical and natural environments dangerously diminishes the effectiveness of this last-resort antibiotic, becoming an urgent health threat. We used a multidisciplinary approach to detect mcr-1 gene and colistin (CL)-resistant bacteria in seawater from two Croatian public beaches. Illumina-based sequencing of metagenomic 16S rRNA was used to assess the taxonomic, functional, and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) profiling of the bacterial community tolerant to CL regarding different culture-based isolation methodologies.

Chemical Composition and New Biological Activities of Essential Oil and Hydrosol of L. ssp. (Schrank) H. Lindb.

The chemical profile, antiproliferative, antioxidant and antiphytoviral activities of the species ssp. (Schrank) H. Lindb.

Phytochemical Characterization and Screening of Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Antiproliferative Properties of Clementi and Two Varieties of L. Peel Extracts.

Onions are one of the most widely grown vegetable crops. As production increases, so does the generation of waste from various parts of the onion, raising the need for efficient ecological disposal and use of such waste products. However, onion waste products are a rich source of antioxidants with a range of biological properties, therefore, they could potentially be used in food and pharmaceutical industries.

Broad-spectrum resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from shellfish: infrequent acquisition of novel resistance mechanisms.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one the most common multidrug-resistant pathogens worldwide. It has been previously detected in marine shellfish, but its antibiotic resistance in such environment has not been explored. By combining PCR detection of acquired genes, and resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND) efflux studying, we investigated the multifactorial resistance traits of 108 P.

Chemical Composition and Biological Activity of Allium cepa L. and Allium × cornutum (Clementi ex Visiani 1842) Methanolic Extracts.

Here, we report a comparative study of the phytochemical profile and the biological activity of two onion extracts, namely L. and × (Clementi ex Visiani 1842), members of the family Amaryllidaceae. The identification of flavonoids and anthocyanins, and their individual quantities, was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Urban riverine environment is a source of multidrug-resistant and ESBL-producing clinically important Acinetobacter spp.

Some Acinetobacter species have emerged as very important opportunistic pathogens in humans. We investigated Acinetobacter spp. from the polluted urban riverine environment in Croatia in regard to species affiliation, antibiotic resistance pattern, and resistance mechanisms.

Prevalence and diversity of extended-spectrum-β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae from marine beach waters.

A total of 1,351 Enterobacteriaceae isolates from 144 seawater samples were collected over a four-year period from three public beaches in the eastern Adriatic Sea in Croatia. Approximately 35% of the strains were multidrug-resistant. BlaESBL genes were detected in 4.

Triparental origin of triploid onion, Allium × cornutum (Clementi ex Visiani, 1842), as evidenced by molecular, phylogenetic and cytogenetic analyses.

Background: Reconstruction of the parental origins of cultivated plants from wild relatives, especially after long periods of domestication, is not a trivial task. However, recent advances in molecular phylogenetics, among other approaches, have proved to be very informative in analyses of the origin and evolution of polyploid genomes. An established minor garden crop, triploid onion Allium × cornutum (Clementi ex Visiani, 1842) (2n = 3x = 24), is widespread in southeastern Asia and Europe.

Aeromonas spp. simultaneously harbouring bla(CTX-M-15), bla(SHV-12), bla(PER-1) and bla(FOX-2), in wild-growing Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) from Adriatic Sea, Croatia.

Aeromonas species are becoming renowned as emerging pathogens by increasingly giving rise to a wide spectrum of food and waterborne infections in humans. Another worrisome feature of aeromonads is the growing frequency of antibiotic resistance as a consequence of their prominent diversity in terms of resistance determinants. This study aimed at determining the antimicrobial resistance pattern, prevalence and characterization of acquired β-lactamases, including extended-spectrum-β-lactamases (ESBLs) and AmpC cephalosporinases, as well as the presence of class 1 and 2 integrons, in Aeromonas isolates from wild-growing Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) of the eastern coast of Adriatic Sea, Croatia.