Effect of Protein, Carbohydrate, and Oil on Phytochemical Bioaccessibility and Bioactivities of the L. Leaf Formulations After In Vitro Digestion.

The present work evaluates the effect of casein, glucose, and olive oil on phytochemical bioaccessibility, antioxidant potential (DPPH and FRAP), antidiabetic potential (inhibition of amylase, α-glucosidase, and BSA glycation), and antihyperlipidemic potential (inhibition of lipase) of gingko standardized leaf extract in the form of tablets after in vitro digestion. Gingko extract formulations with protein, carbohydrates, and oil had high (>70%) in vitro bioaccessibility of quercetin, kaempferol, and isorhamnetin after each phases of digestion in comparison to moderate (35-70%) in vitro bioaccessibility from gingko water extract. Formulation with the highest in vitro bioaccessibility of the majority of the tested polyphenolic groups and terpene lactones after oral and intestinal phases was ginkgo with olive oil.

Phenolic content and antioxidant activity of Croatian and German honey.

Since honey has a therapeutic role in the treatment of many diseases, we investigated the content of phenolic compounds and the antioxidant activity in acacia ( L.), chestnut ( Mill.) and lime-tree ( spp.

Total phenolic content, flavonoid content and antioxidant potential of and related species from Croatia and considerations regarding their pharmaceutical significance.

Extracts obtained from common butterbur (), standardized to petasins, are existing pharmaceutical options for the treatment and/or prevention of allergic rhinitis (leaves) and migraine (rhizomes). In this study, the total phenolic content, flavonoid content, and antioxidant potential of ten samples of Croatian species (four , four , one , and one ) obtained by ultrasound-assisted extraction of leaves were compared. The total phenolic content (Folin-Ciocalteu assay) of methanolic leaf extracts ranged from 4.

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds from Three Endemic Taxa: Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction vs. Hydrodistillation.

taxa are sources of valuable essential oils obtained from aged rhizomes used by various industries, including pharmacy, cosmetic, perfume, and food industry, in which irones are the most important aroma components. In this study, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) obtained from dried rhizomes of three endemics from Croatia, , , and , were studied. The VOCs were isolated by three different methods: headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) using divinylbenzene/carboxene/polydimethylsiloxane (DVB/CAR/PDMS) fiber or polydimethylsiloxane/divinylbenzene (PDMS/DVB) fiber, and hydrodistillation (HD).

Effects of epidurally administered dexmedetomidine and dexamethasone on postoperative pain, analgesic requirements, inflammation, and oxidative stress in thoracic surgery.

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of dexmedetomidine and dexamethasone as adjuvants to preoperative epidural administration of local anesthetic (ropivacaine) in thoracic surgery on the postoperative level of pain, use of analgesics, inflammation, and oxidative stress. The study enrolled 42 patients who underwent elective thoracic surgery in a one-year period at the University Hospital Dubrava (Zagreb, Croatia). Based on a computer-generated randomization list the patients were assigned to the dexmedetomidine ( = 18) or dexamethasone ( = 24) group.

L. and Related Species: LC-MS Profiles and Antidiabetic, Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, Antibacterial and Anticancer Potential.

Species from the genus L. have been used as healing agents for various ailments, with utilization of L. being most frequently reported.

Comparison of Volatile Organic Compounds of L. and L. from Croatia.

A study on the headspace volatile organic compounds (VOCs) profile of native populations of L. and L., Lamiaceae, from Croatia is reported herein, to elucidate the phytochemical composition of taxa from this plant genus, well-known for traditional use in countries of the Mediterranean and the Balkan region.

Optimization of a fast screening method for the assessment of low molecular weight thiols in human blood and plasma suitable for biomonitoring studies.

An adequate level of low molecular weight thiols (LMW-SH, especially glutathione (GSH)) protects cellular macromolecules against toxic agents, and is used as a sensitive biomarker of exposure to toxic compounds. During sample collection, storage and preparation, non-enzymatic and enzymatic oxidation of LMW-SH can occur leading to analytical inaccuracy. The aim of this study was to optimize a fast and reliable screening method for the determination of LMW-SH, mainly GSH, in blood and plasma samples as well as to investigate the impact of storage conditions on the LMW-SH stability.

Application of medicinal plants in several dermatovenerological entities.

Treatment of skin conditions with medicinal plants has been an ongoing human activity lasting over thousands of years. The use of specific plant species developed regionally, based on local flora. Commonly used medicinal plants for dermatological complaints are: Phlebodium aureum (L.

Phenolic compounds of Iris adriatica and their antimycobacterial effects.

Little is known about the pharmacological activities of Iris adriatica (Iridaceae), a plant endemic to Dalmatia (Croatia). We therefore performed a bioassay-guided fractionation including high-performance counter current chromatography (HPCCC) and antibacterial tests using Mycobacterium smegmatis mc2 155. One obtained fraction was found to be antimycobacterially active with a MIC of 64 mg L-1.

Nutrition - facts and myths.

Taking responsibility for your life, among other factors, means also considering what to eat and which nutrition pattern to follow. Everyone needs to think about what they put on the plate and which ingredients should be avoided. Food, as such, will never be a drug or medication, like a painkilling tablet relieving pain in a short amount of time, for example.

A modern approach to the treatment of plaque psoriasis.

Psoriasis is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease which affects 0.5-1 % of children and 2-3 % of the adult population. In Croatia, 1.

Influence of flavonoids' lipophilicity on platelet aggregation.

Flavonoids are natural polyphenolic compounds present in a wide spectrum of plants that have a beneficial effect on human health. In the context of cardiovascular diseases related to plaque and thrombus formation, flavonoids exhibit an anti-aggregatory effect. Previously, it has been reported that all tested flavonoids exhibit an antiaggregatory effect on platelet aggregation when measured by impedance aggregometry on whole blood, in the test of aggregation induced by adenosine diphosphate (ADP).

Actualities in the phytochemical research on selected terpenes.

A short review of our recent research on the essential oil phytochemical composition of Petasites albus (L.) Gaertn. and Petasites hybridus (L.

Screening of flavonoid aglycons' metabolism mediated by the human liver cytochromes P450.

Biological effects of flavonoids have been extensively studied in the last 80 years. As flavonoids represent a rather large group of compounds, data on metabolic biotransformations of these compounds is relatively limited to those well studied. The objective of this study was to screen the metabolism of 30 selected flavonoid aglycons mediated by the most relevant metabolic enzymes, human liver cytochromes P450.

Antithrombotic activity of flavonoids and polyphenols rich plant species.

Cardiovascular diseases represent one of the most notable health problems of the modern civilization. Stroke and heart attack often lead to lethal outcome; essential problem underneath being thrombus formation. Prophylactic approaches include acetylsalicylic acid and clopidogrel therapy on the level of primary hemostasis, i.

The Effect of Flavonoid Aglycones on the CYP1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2C8 and CYP2D6 Enzymes Activity.

Cytochromes P450 are major metabolic enzymes involved in the biotransformation of xenobiotics. The majority of xenobiotics are metabolized in the liver, in which the highest levels of cytochromes P450 are expressed. Flavonoids are natural compounds to which humans are exposed through everyday diet.

Essential Oil Composition of Different Plant Parts from Croatian Petasites albus (L.) Gaertn. and Petasites hybridus (L.) G.Gaertn., B.Mey. & Scherb. (Asteraceae).

Essential oil compositions of fresh leaves, flower stems and rhizomes obtained by hydrodistillation from different Croatian populations of Petasites albus (L.) Gaertn. and Petasites hybridus (L.

The Inhibitory Effect of Flavonoid Aglycones on the Metabolic Activity of CYP3A4 Enzyme.

Flavonoids are natural compounds that have been extensively studied due to their positive effects on human health. There are over 4000 flavonoids found in higher plants and their beneficial effects have been shown in vitro as well as in vivo. However, data on their pharmacokinetics and influence on metabolic enzymes is scarce.

The Effect of Short-Toothed and Dalmatian Sage Extracts on Platelet Aggregation.

Sage ( sp.) is a genus of a native Mediterranean plant used for aromatization of foods. In this study, total polyphenolic profile, antioxidant properties and antiplatelet effect of short-toothed sage ( Vandas) are analyzed and compared to most commonly used species (, Dalmatian sage).

Propolis ethanolic extracts reduce adenosine diphosphate induced platelet aggregation determined on whole blood.

Background: Propolis is a well-known bee product containing more than 2000 identified compounds. It has many beneficial effects on human health that include antibacterial, antiviral, anticancer and hepatoprotective justifying its use as a dietary supplement. Platelet aggregation plays crucial role in thrombus formation that can cause stroke or heart attacks.

Quantitative Analysis of Phenolic Acids and Antiplatelet Activity of Melissa officinalis Leaf Extracts.

The contents of total phenolic acids and rosmarinic acid were determined and the antiplatelet potential assessed of extracts of lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L., Lamiaceae) leaf samples collected during 2014 and 2015. The quantity of total phenolic acids ranged from 4.

Quantitative Determination of Flavonoids and Chlorogenic Acid in the Leaves of Arbutus unedo L. Using Thin Layer Chromatography.

The plant species Arbutus unedo shows numerous beneficial pharmacological effects (antiseptic, antidiabetic, antidiarrheal, astringent, depurative, antioxidant, antihypertensive, antithrombotic, and anti-inflammatory). For the medicinal use, standardization of extracts is a necessity, as different compounds are responsible for different biological activities. In this paper, we analyze monthly changes in the content of quercitrin, isoquercitrin, hyperoside, and chlorogenic acid.

Phenolic content and antioxidant activities of burr parsley (Caucalis platycarpos L.).

Since C. platycarpos contains a wide variety of antioxidants, in the present study total flavonoid and phenolic acid content as well as antioxidative activity of various C. platycarpos extracts were investigated.