Loss of Annexin A1 in macrophages restrains efferocytosis and remodels immune microenvironment in pancreatic cancer by activating the cGAS/STING pathway.

Objective: Pancreatic cancer is an incurable malignant disease with extremely poor prognosis and a complex tumor microenvironment. We sought to characterize the role of Annexin A1 (ANXA1) in pancreatic cancer, including its ability to promote efferocytosis and antitumor immune responses.

Methods: The tumor expression of ANXA1 and cleaved Caspase-3 (c-Casp3) and numbers of tumor-infiltrating CD68 macrophages in 151 cases of pancreatic cancer were examined by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence.

Cu-optimized long-range interaction between Co nanoparticles and Co single atoms: Improved Fenton-like reaction activity.

The interplay between multi-atom assembly configurations and single atoms (SAs) has been gaining attention in research. However, the effect of long-term range interactions between SAs and multi-atom assemblies on the orbital filling characteristics has yet to be investigated. In this context, we introduced copper (Cu) doping to strengthen the interaction between cobalt (Co) nanoparticles (NPs) and Co SAs by promoting the spontaneous formation of Co-Cu alloy NPs that tends toward aggregation owing to its negative cohesive energy (-0.

Key Role of Vegetation Cover in Alleviating Microplastic-Enhanced Carbon Emissions.

Microplastics (MPs) are considered to influence fundamental biogeochemical processes, but the effects of plant residue-MP interactions on soil carbon turnover in urban greenspaces are virtually unknown. Here, an 84-day incubation experiment was constructed using four types of single-vegetation-covered soils (6 years), showing that polystyrene MP (PSMP) pollution caused an unexpectedly large increase in soil CO emissions. The additional CO originating from highly bioavailable active dissolved organic matter molecules (<380 °C, predominantly polysaccharides) was converted from persistent carbon (380-650 °C, predominantly aromatic compounds) rather than PSMP derivatives.

Interactions among microorganisms functionally active for electron transfer and pollutant degradation in natural environments.

Compared to single microbial strains, complex interactions between microbial consortia composed of various microorganisms have been shown to be effective in expanding ecological functions and accomplishing biological processes. Electroactive microorganisms (EMs) and degradable microorganisms (DMs) play vital roles in bioenergy production and the degradation of organic pollutants hazardous to human health. These microorganisms can strongly interact with other microorganisms and promote metabolic cooperation, thus facilitating electricity production and pollutant degradation.

Elucidating response mechanisms at the metabolic scale of Eisenia fetida in typical oil pollution sites: A native driver in influencing carbon flow.

Previous investigations on the stress response patterns of earthworms (Eisenia fetida) in practical petroleum hydrocarbon (PH) contamination systems were less focused. Therefore, this study investigated the ecotoxicological effect of PH contamination on earthworms based on metabonomics and histological observation, followed by correlation analysis between the earthworm metabolism, PH types and concentrations, soil physicochemical characteristics, and the microbial community structures (i.e.

Diatomic catalysts for Fenton and Fenton-like reactions: a promising platform for designing/regulating reaction pathways.

The optimization of the single-atom catalyst (SAC) performance has been the hot spot for years. It is widely acknowledged that the incorporation of adjacent single-atom sites (diatomic catalysts (DACs)) can enable synergistic effects, which can be used in cascade catalysis, dual-function catalysis, and performance regulation of intrinsic active sites. DACs have been widely applied in the CO reduction reaction (CORR), oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), ; however, their application is limited in Fenton or Fenton-like reactions.

Potential contribution of chlorella vulgaris to carbon-nitrogen turnover in freshwater ecosystems after a great sandstorm event.

Urban lakes represent important land-water and nature-human dual interfaces that promote the cycling of elements from terrestrials to sediments and consequently modulating the stabilization of regional climate. However, whether disturbances caused by extreme weather events can have substantial effects on carbon-nitrogen (C-N) cycling in these ecosystems are vague. To explore the impact of phytoplankton on the ecological retention time of C-N, two kinds of freshwater (natural and landscape) were collected and conducted a microcosm experiment using a freshwater algal species Chlorella vulgaris.

High-dimensional single-cell analysis unveils distinct immune signatures of peripheral blood in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Introduction: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal malignancies with poor response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. The mechanism of such poor response is not completely understood.

Methods: We assessed T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire and RNA expression at the single-cell level using high-dimensional sequencing of peripheral blood immune cells isolated from PDAC patients and from healthy human controls.

Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed subclonal heterogeneity and gene signatures of gemcitabine sensitivity in pancreatic cancer.

Resistance to gemcitabine is common and critically limits its therapeutic efficacy in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We constructed 17 patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models from PDAC patient samples and identified the most notable responder to gemcitabine by screening the PDX sets . To analyze tumor evolution and microenvironmental changes pre- and post-chemotherapy, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was performed.

The optimized Fenton-like activity of Fe single-atom sites by Fe atomic clusters-mediated electronic configuration modulation.

The performance optimization of isolated atomically dispersed metal active sites is critical but challenging. Here, TiO@Fe species-N-C catalysts with Fe atomic clusters (ACs) and satellite Fe-N active sites were fabricated to initiate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) oxidation reaction. The AC-induced charge redistribution of single atoms (SAs) was verified, thus strengthening the interaction between SAs and PMS.

Enhanced carbon emission driven by the interaction between functional microbial community and hydrocarbons: An enlightenment for carbon cycle.

Soil microbial communities are usually regarded as one of the key players in the global element cycling. Moreover, an important consequence of oil contamination altering the structure of microbial communities is likely to result in an increased carbon emission. However, understanding of the complex interactions between environmental factors and biological communities is clearly lagging behind.

Efficient electro-catalyzed PMS activation on a Fe-ZIF-8 based BTNAs/Ti anode: An in-depth investigation on anodic catalytic behavior.

Phenanthrene (PHE), mainly released from coal tar and petroleum distillation, is an important kind of prevalent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contamination in China (up to 2.38 ± 0.02 mg/kg in soil and 8668 ng/L in surface water) and other countries in the world.

Seasonal disparities and source tracking of airborne antibiotic resistance genes in Handan, China.

The transmission of airborne antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) loaded on particle is a significant global public health concern. Up to date, the dispersal pattern of airborne ARGs remains unclear despite their critical role in multiregional transmission. In this study, airborne ARGs loaded on fine particulate matter (PM) and source tracking based on the airflow trajectories were performed by the potential source contribution function (PSCF) and concentration weighted trajectory (CWT) model.

Rainfall facilitates the transmission and proliferation of antibiotic resistance genes from ambient air to soil.

Antibiotic resistance is common in bacterial communities and appears to be correlated with human activities. However, the source of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) in remote regions remains unclear. In this study, we examined the abundance of ARGs in fine particulate matter (PM) as a carrier throughout the rainfall process (4 mm rain/h) to observe the effects of rainfall on the transmission of ARGs.

Pollution characteristics and risk assessment of surface sediments in the urban lakes.

The objective of the manuscript was to evaluate the concentration and distribution of nutrients and heavy metals (HMs) in the sediments of urban lakes, as well as the potential ecological risk to the lake. This paper discusses the risk assessment and its management via potential nature-based solutions (NBS), which are lessons learnt from nature. The HM pollution and potential ecological risk were evaluated using conventional geo-accumulation index (GI) and geo-accumulation vector (GV) model.

High-dimensional single-cell analysis delineates radiofrequency ablation induced immune microenvironmental remodeling in pancreatic cancer.

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is an effective local therapy approach for treating solitary tumor of many types of malignancy. The impact of RFA on the tumor immune microenvironment on distant tumors after RFA treatment is still unclear. In this study, by using syngeneic tumor models and single-cell RNA and T-cell receptor sequencing, we have investigated the alterations of tumor-infiltrating immune cells in distant non-RFA tumors.

Heavy metal copper accelerates the conjugative transfer of antibiotic resistance genes in freshwater microcosms.

Recent studies have consistently demonstrated increasing abundances of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the absence of antibiotic use. There is a large amount of quantitative data that has correlated the elevated ARGs levels with the concentrations of heavy metals in environments with anthropogenic impact. However, the mechanisms by which heavy metals facilitate the proliferation and horizontal gene transfer of ARGs among environmental bacteria were still unknown.

Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals compartmental remodeling of tumor-infiltrating immune cells induced by anti-CD47 targeting in pancreatic cancer.

Background: Human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) responds poorly to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICPi). While the mechanism is not completely clear, it has been recognized that tumor microenvironment (TME) plays key roles. We investigated if targeting CD47 with a monoclonal antibody could enhance the response of PDAC to ICPi by altering the TME.

Occurrence and distribution of clinical and veterinary antibiotics in the faeces of a Chinese population.

Antibiotics ingested in the human gut may create selective pressure to change the composition of the gut microbiota, which could adversely effect the immune system of the host. However, the occurrence and distribution of antibiotics in the human gut remains unclear. A total population of 180 individuals, across three Chinses regions with different economic development levels, including children, adults, and elders, were sampled in 2017.