Long shared haplotypes identify the Southern Urals as a primary source for the 10th century Hungarians.

During the Hungarian Conquest in the 10th century CE, the early medieval Magyars, a group of mounted warriors from Eastern Europe, settled in the Carpathian Basin. They likely introduced the Hungarian language to this new settlement area, during an event documented by both written sources and archaeological evidence. Previous archaeogenetic research identified the newcomers as migrants from the Eurasian steppe.

[Congenital cholesteatoma of the mastoid process: cases of diagnosis and surgical treatment].

A brief review of the epidemiology and pathogenesis of congenital cholesteatoma (CC) of the temporal bone pyramid is presented, classifications reflecting the degree of spread or localization of the process are considered. Variants of local CCs of the mastoid process don't fit into these classifications, as well as there is no statistics on the frequency of their detection and treatment due to the rarity of this pathology. Clinical cases of diagnosis, surgical treatment of CC of the mastoid process and its results are described.

[Case of diagnosis and surgical treatment of intracranial cholesteatoma].

The article provides a brief overview of the epidemiology of congenital and acquired intracranial cholesteatoma, the theory of its pathogenesis, classification, and clinical features. The most common localization of congenital and acquired intracranial cholesteatoma is described and various surgical approaches are presented that allow total removal of the formation. A clinical case of diagnosis and surgical treatment of acquired intracranial cholesteatoma caused by chronic suppurative otitis media is presented.

[Diagnosis and surgical outcomes in the management of petrous bone cholesteatoma].

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of surgical treatment of patients with petrous bone cholesteatoma (PBC) depending on the localization of the pathological process.

Material And Methods: The analysis of surgical treatment using various surgical approaches and its results in 32 patients with PBC, depending on the type, localization in petrous bone and intraoperative findings, is presented. Patients with supralabirint PBC underwent extended atticoantromastoidotomy with tympanoplasty and mastoidoplasty with automaterials (=19), labyrinthectomy (=4), subtotal petrozectomy with labyrinthectomy and suturing of the external auditory meatus (EAM) (=2).

Tracing genetic connections of ancient Hungarians to the 6th-14th century populations of the Volga-Ural region.

Most of the early Hungarian tribes originated from the Volga-Kama and South-Ural regions, where they were composed of a mixed population based on historical, philological and archaeological data. We present here the uniparental genetic makeup of the mediaeval era of these regions that served as a melting pot for ethnic groups with different linguistic and historical backgrounds. Representing diverse cultural contexts, the new genetic data originate from ancient proto-Ob-Ugric people from Western Siberia (6th-13th century), the pre-Conquest period and subsisting Hungarians from the Volga-Ural region (6th-14th century) and their neighbours.

[Acoustic neurinomes of childhood].

The article presents a review of the literature on the vestibular schwannoma of childhood, the features of its clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods, methods of treating education and indications for their use.

Early medieval genetic data from Ural region evaluated in the light of archaeological evidence of ancient Hungarians.

The ancient Hungarians originated from the Ural region of Russia, and migrated through the Middle-Volga region and the Eastern European steppe into the Carpathian Basin during the ninth century AD. Their Homeland was probably in the southern Trans-Ural region, where the Kushnarenkovo culture was disseminated. In the Cis-Ural region Lomovatovo and Nevolino cultures are archaeologically related to ancient Hungarians.

[A case of diagnostics and surgical treatment of a patient with a neuroma of the facial nerve].

The article provides a brief overview of the epidemiology of facial nerve neuromas (FNN, schwannomas), its clinical signs, methods of diagnostic and treatment and indications for their use. A rare clinical case of diagnostics, surgical treatment of FNN with intracranial spread and its results are described in detail. The presented case demonstrates a possible low-symptom course of FNN with intracranial spread.

Endovascular Coiling of Ruptured Very Small Dissecting Fusiform Aneurysm of Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery with Parent Artery Preservation by Microcatheter Auto-Assistance.

Background: Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage secondary to ruptured small dissecting fusiform aneurysms of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) is rare and particularly challenging. Different treatment strategies have been reported in these rare cases. We report 2 patients treated with a novel endovascular approach.

[HYPOTHERMIA INFLUENCES ON OXYGEN TENSION IN THE BRAIN PARENCHYMA IN PATIENTS WITH ANEURYSMAL SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE].

Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage is a serious medical and social problem. The main physiological mechanisms that determine secondary brain damage in this patients are intracranial hypertension, cerebral vasospasm, dysfunction of autoregulation mechanisms, violation of liquorodynamics and delayed cerebral ischemia. The multimodal neuromonitoring for prevention and timely correction ofsecondary brain injury factors has become routine practice in neuroICU.

[The surgical treatment of cholesteatoma of the pyramid of the temporal bone].

This paper presents in brief the data on epidemiology, classification, diagnostics, and current tendencies in the surgical treatment of cholesteatoma of the pyramid of the temporal bone. A clinical case of diagnostics and the surgical treatment ofpetrous apex cholesteatomainthe temporal bone is described.