[The Proteome of Extracellular Membrane Vesicles from Bacillus pumilus 3-19].

Production of extracellular membrane vesicles plays an important role in communication in bacterial populations and in bacteria-host interactions. Vesicles as carriers of various regulatory and signaling molecules may be potentially used as disease biomarkers and promising therapeutic agents, including vaccine preparations. The composition of membrane vesicles has been deciphered for a limited number of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.

Thiacalixarene Carboxylic Acid Derivatives as Inhibitors of Lysozyme Fibrillation.

Amyloid fibroproliferation leads to organ damage and is associated with a number of neurodegenerative diseases affecting populations worldwide. There are several ways to protect against fibril formation, including inhibition. A variety of organic compounds based on molecular recognition of amino acids within the protein have been proposed for the design of such inhibitors.

Antibacterial Activity of Various Morphologies of Films Based on Guanidine Derivatives of Pillar[5]arene: Influence of the Nature of One Substitute on Self-assembly.

The progress of the pillar[5]arene chemistry allowed us to set out a new concept on application of the supramolecular assemblies to create antimicrobial films with variable surface morphologies and biological activities. Antibacterial films were derived from the substituted pillar[5]arenes containing nine pharmacophoric guanidine fragments and one thioalkyl substituent. Changing the only thioalkyl fragment in the macrocycle structure made it possible to control the biological activity of the resulting antibacterial coating.

Photo- and X-ray Induced Cytotoxicity of CeF-YF-TbF Nanoparticle-Polyvinylpyrrolidone-"Radachlorin" Composites for Combined Photodynamic Therapy.

The CeYTbF nanoparticles with a CeF hexagonal structure were synthesized using the co-precipitation technique. The average nanoparticle diameter was 14 ± 1 nm. The luminescence decay curves of the CeYTbF nanoparticles (λ = 541 nm, D-F transition of Tb) conjugated with Radachlorin using polyvinylpyrrolidone coating as well as without Radachlorin were detected.

The Synthesis and Antibacterial Properties of Pillar[5]arene with Streptocide Fragments.

The growing problem of bacterial resistance to antimicrobials actualizes the development of new approaches to solve this challenge. Supramolecular chemistry tools can overcome the limited bacterial resistance and side effects of classical sulfonamides that hinder their use in therapy. Here, we synthesized a number of pillar[5]arenes functionalized with different substituents, determined their ability to self-association using DLS, and characterized antimicrobial properties against , , , , via a resazurin test.

Single-Stage Microfluidic Synthesis Route for BaGdF:Tb-Based Nanocomposite Materials: Synthesis, Characterization and Biodistribution.

Rare-earth-doped nanoscaled BaGdF is known as an efficient contrasting agent for X-ray micro-CT and NMR as well as a promising candidate for X-ray photodynamic therapy, thereby opening an opportunity for theragnostic applications. Conventional synthesis of Ln-doped BaGdF consider a long-lasting batch procedure, while a conjugation with photosensitizer usually implies a separate stage requiring active mixing. To the best of our knowledge, in this work, we for the first time obtain BaGdF:Tb nanophosphors in a microfluidic route at temperatures as low as 100 °C while decreasing the time of thermal treatment down to 6 min.

The Effect of Ficin Immobilized on Carboxymethyl Chitosan on Biofilms of Oral Pathogens.

In the last decade, Ficin, a proteolytic enzyme extracted from the latex sap of the wild fig tree, has been widely investigated as a promising tool for the treatment of microbial biofilms, wound healing, and oral care. Here we report the antibiofilm properties of the enzyme immobilized on soluble carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCh) and CMCh itself. Ficin was immobilized on CMCh with molecular weights of either 200, 350 or 600 kDa.

Peptidomimetics based on ammonium decasubstituted pillar[5]arenes: Influence of the alpha-amino acid residue nature on cholinesterase inhibition.

Cholinesterase inhibitors are a group of medicines that are widely used for the treatment of cognitive impairments accompanying Alzheimer's disease as well as for the treatment of pathological muscle weaknesses syndromes such as myasthenia gravis. The search for novel non-toxic and effective cholinesterase inhibitors for creating neuroprotective and neurotransmitter agents is an urgent interdisciplinary problem. For the first time, the application of water-soluble pillar[5]arenes containing amino acid residues as effective cholinesterase inhibitors was shown.

Towards Protection of Nucleic Acids from Herbicide Attack: Self-Assembly of Betaines Based on Pillar[5]arene with Glyphosate and DNA.

Herbicides are one of the main parts of pesticides used today. Due to the high efficiency and widespread use of glyphosate-based herbicides, the search for substances reducing their genotoxicity is an important interdisciplinary task. One possible approach for solving the problem of herbicide toxicity is to use compounds that can protect DNA from damage by glyphosate derivatives.

Brightfield vs Fluorescent Staining Dataset-A Test Bed Image Set for Machine Learning based Virtual Staining.

Differential fluorescent staining is an effective tool widely adopted for the visualization, segmentation and quantification of cells and cellular substructures as a part of standard microscopic imaging protocols. Incompatibility of staining agents with viable cells represents major and often inevitable limitations to its applicability in live experiments, requiring extraction of samples at different stages of experiment increasing laboratory costs. Accordingly, development of computerized image analysis methodology capable of segmentation and quantification of cells and cellular substructures from plain monochromatic images obtained by light microscopy without help of any physical markup techniques is of considerable interest.

Toward Pathogenic Biofilm Suppressors: Synthesis of Amino Derivatives of Pillar[5]arene and Supramolecular Assembly with DNA.

New amino derivatives of pillar[5]arene were obtained in three stages with good yields. It was shown that pillar[5]arene containing thiaether and tertiary amino groups formed supramolecular complexes with low molecular weight model DNA. Pillar[5]arene formed complexes with a DNA nucleotide pair at a ratio of 1:2 (macrocycle/DNA base pairs), as demonstrated by UV-visible and fluorescence spectroscopy.

Fibrin-Rhamnogalacturonan I Composite Gel for Therapeutic Enzyme Delivery to Intestinal Tumors.

Therapy of colorectal cancer with protein drugs, including targeted therapy using monoclonal antibodies, requires the preservation of the drug's structure and activity in the gastrointestinal tract or bloodstream. Here, we confirmed experimentally the fundamental possibility of creating composite protein-polysaccharide hydrogels based on non-degrading rhamnogalacturonan I (RG) and fibrin as a delivery vehicle for antitumor RNase binase. The method is based on enzymatic polymerization of fibrin in the presence of RG with the inclusion of liposomes, containing an encapsulated enzyme drug, into the gel network.

Fluorescein-Labeled Thiacalix[4]arenes as Potential Theranostic Molecules: Synthesis, Self-Association, and Antitumor Activity.

In this paper, a series of thiacalix[4]arenes were synthesized as potential theranostic molecules for antitumor therapy. We propose an original strategy for the regioselective functionalization of thiacalix[4]arene with a fluorescent label to obtain antiangiogenic agent mimetics. The aggregation properties of the synthesized compounds were determined using the dynamic light scattering.

Alginate-Based Hydrogel as Delivery System for Therapeutic Bacterial RNase.

To deliver therapeutic proteins into a living body, it is important to maintain their target activity in the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration. Secreted ribonuclease from (binase) has antitumor and antiviral activity, which makes it a promising therapeutic agent. This globular protein of small molecular weight (12.

Self-Healing Thiolated Pillar[5]arene Films Containing Moxifloxacin Suppress the Development of Bacterial Biofilms.

Polymer self-healing films containing fragments of pillar[5]arene were obtained for the first time using thiol/disulfide redox cross-linking. These films were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry, FTIR spectroscopy, and electron microscopy. The films demonstrated the ability to self-heal through the action of atmospheric oxygen.

Water-soluble pillar[5]arene sulfo-derivatives self-assemble into biocompatible nanosystems to stabilize therapeutic proteins.

Pillar[5]arenes containing sulfonate fragments have been shown to form supramolecular complexes with therapeutic proteins to facilitate targeted transport with an increased duration of action and enhanced bioavailability. Regioselective synthesis was used to obtain a water-soluble pillar[5]arene containing the fluorescent label FITC and nine sulfoethoxy fragments. The pillar[5]arene formed complexes with the therapeutic proteins binase, bleomycin, and lysozyme in a 1:2 ratio as demonstrated by UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopy.

Towards new nanoporous biomaterials: self-assembly of sulfopillar[5]arenes with vitamin D into supramolecular polymers.

Novel water-soluble, deca-substituted pillar[5]arenes containing thiasulfate and thiacarboxylate fragments were synthesized and characterized. UV-vis, 2D 1H-1H NOESY and DOSY NMR spectroscopy revealed the ability of pillar[5]arenes containing thiasulfate fragments to form an inclusion complex with cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) in a 1 : 2 ratio (lg Kass = 2.2).

Nanoparticles based on the zwitterionic pillar[5]arene and Ag: synthesis, self-assembly and cytotoxicity in the human lung cancer cell line A549.

For the first time, stable pillar[5]arene/Ag nanoparticles, consisting of water-soluble pillar[5]arene containing γ-sulfobetaine fragments and Ag ions without Ag-Ag bonds, were synthesized and characterized. The pillar[5]arene/Ag (ratio 1:10) nanoparticles obtained were cubic with a rib length of 100 nm and are less cytotoxic than Ag ions. The survival of the A549 model cells in the presence of pillar[5]arene/Ag (1:10) nanoparticles at a concentration of 30 and 40 μM was 76% and 55%, while in the absence of pillar[5]arene, the cell survival for free Ag ions at the same concentration was 30% and 10%, respectively.

[Bacillus pumilus Ribonuclease Inhibits Migration of Human Duodenum Adenocarcinoma HuTu 80 Cells].

Migration of cancer cells from the primary tumor site to nearby tissues is the starting point of the metastatic process. The invasive properties of cells are especially important for carcinomas, since tumor cells need to overcome the basement membrane and go beyond its boundaries to the underlying tissues. Substances that reduce the invasive ability of malignant cells are promising as antimetastatic agents.

Zeolites as Carriers of Antitumor Ribonuclease Binase.

Natural and synthetic zeolites have many applications in biomedicine and nutrition. Due to its properties, zeolites can absorb therapeutically active proteins and release them under physiological conditions. In this study we tested the clinoptilolite, chabazite, and natrolite ability to be loaded by antitumor ribonuclease binase and the cytotoxicity of the obtained complexes.

Tiny Rare-Earth Fluoride Nanoparticles Activate Tumour Cell Growth via Electrical Polar Interactions.

Localised extracellular interactions between nanoparticles and transmembrane signal receptors may well activate cancer cell growth. Herein, tiny LaF and PrF nanoparticles in DMEM+FBS suspensions stimulated tumour cell growth in three different human cell lines (A549, SW837 and MCF7). Size distribution of nanoparticles, activation of AKT and ERK signalling pathways and viability tests pointed to mechanical stimulation of ligand adhesion binding sites of integrins and EGFR via a synergistic action of an ensemble of tiny size nanoparticles (< 10 nm).

Consequences of chitosan decomposition by nitrous acid: Approach to non-branched oligochitosan oxime.

It is well known that chitosan degradation by nitrous acid leads to oligochitosan (oligoCHI-ahm) bearing reactive 2,5-anhydromannose (3,4-dihydroxy-5-hydroxymethyl-tetrahydrofuran-2-aldehyde) units at the new reducing ends of macromolecules. Standard protocol requires reduction of oligoCHI-ahm with NaBH to corresponding oligoCHI-hml bearing unreactive hydroxymethyl group instead of reactive aldehyde group. For the first time, HP SEC as well as UV and CD spectroscopy methods have revealed that the reduction leads to an indefinite side modification and the formation of a branched oligoCHI-hml with increased molecular weight.

Fast and simple tool for the quantification of biofilm-embedded cells sub-populations from fluorescent microscopic images.

Fluorescent staining is a common tool for both quantitative and qualitative assessment of pro- and eukaryotic cells sub-population fractions by using microscopy and flow cytometry. However, direct cell counting by flow cytometry is often limited, for example when working with cells rigidly adhered either to each other or to external surfaces like bacterial biofilms or adherent cell lines and tissue samples. An alternative approach is provided by using fluorescent microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), which enables the evaluation of fractions of cells subpopulations in a given sample.

Binase Immobilized on Halloysite Nanotubes Exerts Enhanced Cytotoxicity toward Human Colon Adenocarcinoma Cells.

Many ribonucleases (RNases) are considered as promising tools for antitumor therapy because of their selective cytotoxicity toward cancer cells. Binase, the RNase from , triggers apoptotic response in cancer cells expressing oncogene which is mutated in a large percentage of prevalent and deadly malignancies including colorectal cancer. The specific antitumor effect of binase toward RAS-transformed cells is due to its direct binding of RAS protein and inhibition of downstream signaling.

Antitumor Macrophage Response to Ribonuclease (Binase).

Extracellular bacterial ribonucleases such as binase from possess cytotoxic activity against tumor cells with a potential for clinical application. Moreover, they may induce activation of tumor-derived macrophages either into the M1-phenotype with well-documented functions in the regulation of the antitumor immune response or into M2-macrophages that may stimulate tumor growth, metastasis, and angiogenesis. In this study, binase or endogenous RNase1 (but not RNA or short oligonucleotides) stimulated the expression of activated NF-B p65 subunit in macrophages.