Breeding Schemes: What Are They, How to Formalize Them, and How to Improve Them?

Formalized breeding schemes are a key component of breeding program design and a gateway to conducting plant breeding as a quantitative process. Unfortunately, breeding schemes are rarely defined, expressed in a quantifiable format, or stored in a database. Furthermore, the continuous review and improvement of breeding schemes is not routinely conducted in many breeding programs.

Impact of clipping noise on the sum rate of NOMA with PD-DCO-OFDM and conventional DCO-OFDM.

sIn visible light communication (VLC) systems, a non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) scheme is deemed promising technology to offer better spectral efficiency than the Orthogonal multiple access (OMA) scheme. The feasibility of power domain NOMA for VLC system has been studied with different variants of unipolar OFDM schemes. However, few research works have been presented on the impact of clipping noise on the achievable sum rate of NOMA with DC-biased optical OFDM (DCO-OFDM) and polarity divided DCO-OFDM (PD-DCO-OFDM).