Neurosurgery training camp for medical student: experience of the Turkish neurosugery academy and Bursa Uludag University.

Introduction: To highlight the importance of hands-on experiences and mentorship in shaping the future workforce of specialized medical professionals via a Neurosurgery Training Camp.

Methods: Responses of the questionnaire regarding the Neurosurgery Training Camp organized by Bursa Uludag University's Faculty of Medicine and the Turkish Neurosurgery Academy were reviewed retrospectively. A one-day program was organized to introduce neurosurgery to medical students.

Flow Diversion Therapy of Remnant and Recurrent Intracranial Aneurysms Treated Surgically.

Aim: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of flow diverter stents (FDSs) for treating remnant or recurrent intracranial aneurysms that were treated surgically.

Material And Methods: The patients who were treated with FDSs due to remnant or recurrent intracranial aneurysms after microsurgery were included in the study. The patients' demographics, treatment histories, aneurysm features, complications associated with flow diversion, and neurological and angiographic follow-up findings were evaluated.

Effects of Topically Applied Contractubex® on Epidural Fibrosis and Axonal Regeneration in Injured Rat Sciatic Nerve.

Aim: To investigate the effects of Contractubex® (Cx) on peripheral nerve regeneration and scar formation.

Material And Methods: A surgical procedure involving sciatic nerve incision in 24 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats followed by epineural suturing was performed. In weeks 4 and 12 following surgery, macroscopic, histological, functional, and electromyographic examinations of the sciatic nerve were conducted.

Chordoid meningioma: report of 5 cases and review of the literature.

Chordoid meningioma is a rare, more aggressive subtype of meningioma. This study documents the histological, radiological and clinical features of seven tumours in five patients among 131 meningioma patients who were treated in the Department of Neurosurgery at Istanbul Medipol University between 2014 and 2019. There were two males and three females.

Flow Diverter Stents in the Treatment of Cerebral Aneurysms Less than 5 mm.

Aim: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of flow diverter (FD) stents in the treatment of intracranial aneurysms less than 5 mm.

Material And Methods: We treated 66 aneurysms in 43 patients with aneurysms less than 5 mm. Of the patients, 29 were females and 14 males (mean age: 50.

Comparative effects of methylprednisolone and tetracosactide (ACTH) on ischemia/reperfusion injury of the rabbit spinal cord.

Introduction: Tetracosactide is an engineered peptide that applies the same biological impacts as the endogenous adrenocorticotropic hormone. Previous studies indicated that tetracosactide has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and neurotrophic activity. In this study, we hypothesized that tetracosactide may have protective effects in spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Cervico-medullary compression ratio: A novel radiological parameter correlating with clinical severity in Chiari type 1 malformation.

Objectives: Chiari malformation type 1 (CM-1) is associated with cough headache, intracranial hypertension, cerebellar and spinal cord symptoms/signs. Herniated cerebellar tonsil length (HCTL) is widely used radiological parameter to determine the severity of CM-1, but with limited utility due to its weak correlation with some clinico-radiological findings. In this study, we aimed to evaluate a novel, practical parameter (cervico-medullary compression ratio; "CMCR") for its relationship with clinico-radiological findings in CM-1.

Revisiting Ligament-Sparing Lumbar Microdiscectomy: When to Preserve Ligamentum Flavum and How to Evaluate Radiological Results for Epidural Fibrosis.

Objective: Preserving the ligamentum flavum (LF) during lumbar spine surgery can help to limit the extent of postoperative epidural fibrosis (EF), which is a potential cause of persistent leg pain. We present a retrospective analysis of microdiscectomy with preservation of the LF to evaluate the effects of the two LF mobilizing techniques (reflecting inferiorly or medially vs. removing completely) on EF and clinical outcomes.

Remote Cerebellar Hemorrhage Following Lumboperitoneal Shunt Insertion: A Rare Case Report.

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension is characterized by high intracranial pressure without hydrocephalus or intracranial mass. Surgical treatment includes optic nerve fenestration and insertion of ventriculoperitoneal and lumboperitoneal (LP) shunts. For decreasing intracranial pressure, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) LP shunt is widely used for the surgical management; it also carries complications such as shunt migration, venous sinus thrombosis, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and subdural and intracerebral hematoma.

The Protective Effect of Omeprazole Against Traumatic Brain Injury: An Experimental Study.

Background: The development of secondary brain injury via oxidative stress after traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a well-known entity. Consequently, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of omeprazole (OM) on rat model of TBI.

Methods: A total of 24 male rats were used and divided into 4 groups as follows; control, trauma, OM, and methylprednisolone (MP).

Trans-nasal-trans-sphenoidal brain injury by a fencing foil: an unusual case report and brief literature review.

In this report, the authors present an unusual case of a 10-year-old child who suffered a severe headache and rhinorrhea that occurred as a result of fencing foil sports injury via trans-nasal-trans-sphenoidal (TNTS) pathway. Following trauma, the child had shown neurological symptoms such a pupil dilatation, change in consciousness and mild hemiparesia. Imaging demonstrated destruction of bone structures including posterior wall of sphenoid sinus and antero-superior part of sella turcica, and also a contusion at right thalamic region.

Does Decorin Protect Neuronal Tissue via Its Antioxidant and Antiinflammatory Activity from Traumatic Brain Injury? An Experimental Study.

Background: The development of secondary brain injury via oxidative stress after traumatic brain injury (TBI) is well known. Decorin (DC) inactivates transforming growth factor β1, complement system, and tumor necrosis factor α, which are related to oxidative stress and apoptosis. Consequently, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of DC on TBI.

Postoperative seizure following transforaminal percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy.

Endoscopic surgery for lumbar disc herniation has been available for more than 30 years. Transforaminal percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy is a well-known, safe, and effective method used for the treatment of the lumbar disc herniation. The published complications of the transforaminal percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy consist of infections, thrombophlebitis, dysesthesia, dural tear, vascular injury, and death.

Late onset of subdural hematoma after bifrontal contusion.

Cerebral cortical contusions are one of the most common computed tomography findings in head-injured patients and common sequel of traumatic brain injury. These contusions tend to show a progressive increase in mass effect on repeated imaging, most small contusions do not require surgical evacuation. However, progression to subdural hematoma (SDH) in a late aspect is unique.

Caudal Epidural Steroid Injections in Postlaminectomy Patients: Comparison of Ultrasonography and Fluoroscopy.

Aim: To compare the results of ultrasound and fluoroscopy guided caudal epidural steroid injections in postlaminectomy patients.

Material And Methods: Thirty postlaminectomy patients were randomly divided into two groups, Group I (n=15) received ultrasound-guided and Group II (n=15) received fluoroscopy-guided caudal epidural local anesthetic and steroid injection. Time of block for each patient was recorded.

The Surgical Outcome of Traumatic Extraaxial Hematomas Causing Brain Herniation.

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the surgical outcome and the prognostic importance of clinical and radiological data of patients operated emergently for an extraaxial hematoma causing brain herniation.

Material And Methods: This retrospective study comprised 108 adult patients who were operated due to herniated traumatic extraaxial hematomas from January 2000 to January 2013.

Results: Of 108 patients, 63 patients (58.

Effects of cepae extract, allantoin, and heparin mixture on developing andalready formed epidural fibrosis in a rat laminectomy model.

Background/aim: The study was designed to investigate whether local administration of a mixture composed of cepae extract, allantoin, and heparin (CAH) decreased already formed epidural fibrosis (EF) at the laminectomy site.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-four adult male Sprague Dawley rats were equally divided into four groups. Laminectomy was performed at the L5 level in all rats.

The effects of ankaferd blood stopper and microporous polysaccharide hemospheres on epidural fibrosis in rat laminectomy model.

Purpose: To investigate whether topically administered hemostatic agents ankaferd blood stopper and microporous polysaccharide hemospheres can decrease epidural fibrosis after laminectomy in rats.

Methods: Eighteen adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were equally and randomly divided into three groups. In the treatment groups, ankaferd blood stopper and microporous polysaccharide hemospheres topically administrated upon duramater surface after laminectomy.

Antioxidant and antiapoptotic effects of darbepoetin-α against traumatic brain injury in rats.

Introduction: In this study, we tried to determine whether darbepoetin-α would protect the brain from oxidative stress and apoptosis in a rat traumatic brain injury model.

Material And Methods: The animals were randomized into four groups; group 1 (sham), group 2 (trauma), group 3 (darbepoetin α), group 4 (methylprednisolone). In the sham group only the skin incision was performed.

Vasoconstrictive effects of levobupivacaine on the basilar artery in the rabbit.

Introduction: Spinal anesthesia is a widely used technique of the modern practice of anesthesia. Spinal cord ischemia is a rare but catastrophic complication of spinal anesthesia which may be caused by a direct vasoconstrictive effect of the local anesthetic. Although the vasoconstrictive effects of levobupivacaine have been widely studied, the vasoconstrictive effects of this drug on the intradural arteries have never been studied.

The histopathological and ultrastructural effects of the topical application of bacitracin on the cerebral cortex in rats.

Aim: Bacitracin is one of the most frequently used agents for the topical irrigation of the cerebral cortex. The aim of this study is to investigate whether bacitracin has histopathological and ultrastructural effects when applied topically to the cerebral cortex.

Material And Methods: Twenty-eight rats were randomly assigned to four groups.

Neuroprotective effects of testosterone on ischemia/reperfusion injury of the rabbit spinal cord.

Aim: Previous studies demonstrated the neuroprotective effects of testosterone, but no previous study has examined the neuroprotective effects of testosterone on spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether testosterone could protect the spinal cord from ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Methods: Rabbits were randomised into four groups of eight animals as follows: group 1 (control), group 2 (ischemia), group 3 (methylprednisolone) and group 4 (testosterone).

Attenuation of cerebral vasospasm and secondary injury by testosterone following experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage in rabbit.

Background: The vasodilatator effects of testosterone have been widely studied and demonstrated. Based on previous studies of these vasodilatatory activities, we hypothesized that testosterone might have potential effects on subarachnoid hemorrhage-induced cerebral vasospasm.

Methods: Thirty-two adult male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into four groups of eight rabbits in each group: group 1 (control); group 2 (subarachnoid hemorrhage); group 3 (subarachnoid hemorrhage + vehicle); and group 4 (subarachnoid hemorrhage + testosterone).

The surgical outcome of traumatic extra-axial hematomas causing brain herniation in children.

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the surgical outcome and prognostic importance of clinical and radiological data from children operated on under emergency conditions due to an extra-axial hematoma causing brain herniation.

Methods: This retrospective study included 25 children operated on due to herniated traumatic extra-axial hematomas from January 2000 to December 2010.

Results: Of those 25 children, 17 (68%) were diagnosed with subdural hematoma (SDH), 7 (28%) with epidural hematoma (EDH) and only 1 patient (4%) suffered from both SDH and EDH.