Lidocaine spray in addition to paracervical block reduces pain during first-trimester surgical abortion: a placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Background: A variety of anesthetic and analgesic techniques have been used for uterine aspiration, and most clinicians use a paracervical block with or without additional analgesia. We intended to evaluate whether the addition of 10% lidocaine spray to a paracervical block decreases pain during cervical dilation and uterine aspiration.

Study Design: Seventy-seven patients were divided into two groups: paracervical blocks (PCB) (n = 30) and PCB plus 10% lidocaine spray (n = 47).

Human papillomavirus-type predict the clinical outcome of imiquimod therapy for women with vulvar condylomata acuminata.

Objective: To investigate the effect of determination of human papillomavirus (HPV) subtype on the success of imiquimod therapy in women with vulvar condylomata acuminata.

Methods: A total of 132 women with biopsy-proven vulvar condylomata acuminata were enrolled in this prospective study. HPV DNA detection and determination of genotype were made through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique.