K-Ras4A Plays a More Significant Role than K-Ras4B in Ductal Carcinoma of Breast.

Background: K-Ras mutations rarely occur in breast cancer. However, studies have supported that K-Ras upregulation is involved in breast cancer pathogenesis. Two main K-Ras transcript variants; K-Ras4A and K-Ras4B, originate from the alternative splicing of exon 4.

Investigation of the SPAG5 gene expression and amplification related to the NuMA mRNA levels in breast ductal carcinoma.

Background: The cell proliferative markers are very important in breast cancer. Since SPAG5 and NuMA proteins play a significant role in the mitosis regulatory network and cell division, we aimed to study their mRNA levels as well as SPAG5 gene amplification correlated to clinicopathological status in ductal carcinoma of the breast.

Methods: SPAG5 and NuMA gene expressions were investigated in 40 breast cancer tissues and normal adjacent tissues via real-time PCR.