The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is frequently overexpressed in a variety of human epithelial tumors, and its aberrant activation plays a pivotal role in promoting tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. The clinically approved passive EGFR-related therapies have numerous limitations. Seven EGFR-ECD epitope peptides (EG1-7) were selected through bioinformatics epitope prediction tools including NetMHCpan-4.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The role of the vitamin D receptor single nucleotide polymorphism FOKI (VDR-FOKI) (rs2228570) in genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetic kidney disease (T2DKD) remains uncertain. This study investigated the relationship between VDR-FOKI and T2DKD within the Chinese Plateau Han population and analyzed the underlying mechanisms.
Methods: A total of 316 subjects were enrolled, including 44 healthy adults, 114 individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and 158 patients with T2DKD.
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by cognitive inflexibility and social deficits, with a notably limited range of brain-targeted medications, particularly in the field of nanomedicine. Herein, we introduce the brain-targeted HS donor cross-linked nanomicelle, named mannose-PEG600-lipoic acid (Man-LA). Man-LA demonstrates enhanced stability and precise brain delivery by interacting with glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) in astrocytes, facilitating a gradual release of HS that is modulated by glutathione (GSH).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Sleep deprivation can induce severe deficits in vigilant maintenance and alternation in large-scale networks. However, differences in the dynamic brain networks after sleep deprivation across individuals have rarely been investigated. In the present study, we used EEG microstate analysis to investigate the effects of sleep deprivation and how it differentially affects resting-state brain activity in different individuals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn flowering plants, fertilization is a complex process governed by precise communication between the male and female gametophytes. This review focuses on the roles of various female gametophyte cells-synergid, central, and egg cells-in facilitating pollen tube guidance and ensuring successful fertilization. Synergid cells play a crucial role in attracting the pollen tube, while the central cell influences the direction of pollen tube growth, and the egg cell is responsible for preventing polyspermy, ensuring correct fertilization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMolybdenum sulfide (MoS) has attracted much attention as a potential catalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), but its unique low activity and low edge active centers limit its electrocatalytic activity. In this study, catalysts were prepared by growing NiSe nanoclusters onto MoS substrates electrodeposition; ultrathin MoS nanosheets and NiSe nanoclusters were cross-linked with each other to form a unique three-dimensional rosette structure; and MoS@NiSe catalysts were successfully synthesised, which significantly improved bifunctional catalytic performance. The synthesised MoS@NiSe catalysts exhibited good electrochemical performance: overpotentials required to satisfy the HER and OER processes at a current density of 10 mA cm in 1 M KOH were 80 mV and 254 mV, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAs the most compact variant in the Cas13 family, CRISPR-Cas13X holds considerable promise for gene therapy applications. The development of high-fidelity Cas13X (hfCas13X) mutants has enhanced the safety profile for in vivo applications. However, a notable reduction in on-target cleavage efficiency accompanies the diminished collateral cleavage activity in hfCas13X.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLiver cancer, classified as a malignant hepatic tumor, can be divided into two categories: primary, originating within the liver, and secondary, resulting from metastasis to the liver from other organs. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the main form of primary liver cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths. The diagnosis and prognosis of HCC using current methods still face numerous challenges.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDNA and RNA nucleobase modifications are biologically relevant and valuable in fundamental biochemical and biophysical investigations of nucleic acids. However, directly introducing site-specific nucleobase modifications into long unprotected oligonucleotides is a substantial challenge. In this study, we used in vitro selection to identify DNAzymes that site-specifically N-alkylate the exocyclic nucleobase amines of particular cytidine, guanosine, and adenosine (C, G and A) nucleotides in DNA substrates, by reductive amination using a 5'-benzaldehyde oligonucleotide as the reaction partner.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInsufficient sleep can significantly affect vigilance and increase slow-wave electroencephalographic power as homeostatic sleep pressure accumulates. Phase-amplitude coupling is involved in regulating the spatiotemporal integration of physiological processes. This study aimed to examine the functional associations of resting-state electroencephalographic power and delta/theta-gamma phase-amplitude coupling from the prefrontal cortex (PFC) to posterior regions with vigilance performance after sleep deprivation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCold injury is a major environmental stress affecting the growth and yield of crops. Brassinosteroids (BRs) and salicylic acid (SA) play important roles in plant cold tolerance. However, whether or how BR signaling interacts with the SA signaling pathway in response to cold stress is still unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArtificial forest ecosystems offer various ecosystem services (ES) and help mitigate climate change effects. Trade-offs or synergies exist among ES in artificial forests. Although forest age influences ES and ecosystem processes, the long-term dynamics of trade-offs among ES in artificial forests and during vegetation restorations remain unclear, complicating vegetation and sustainable management.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlthough molybdenum disulfide (MoS) has garnered significant interest as a potential catalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), its poor intrinsic activity and few marginal active spots restrict its electrocatalytic activity. Herein, we successfully constructed a catalyst a simple hydrothermal method by forming a heterostructure of MoS with Cr-doped nickel-iron hydroxide (NiFe LDH) to synthesize a MoS/NiFeCr LDH catalyst to significantly improve the OER catalytic performance. MoS plays a crucial function as an electron transport channel in the MoS/NiFeCr LDH heterostructure, which increases the electron transport rate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNucleotidyl transferases (NTPs) are common transferases in eukaryotes and play a crucial role in nucleotide modifications at the 3' end of RNA. In plants, NTPs can regulate RNA stability by influencing 3' end modifications, which in turn affect plant growth, development, stress responses, and disease resistance. Although the functions of NTP family members have been extensively studied in , rice, and maize, there is limited knowledge about NTP genes in soybeans.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Sci Technol
January 2024
Nitrogen is an essential nutrient and a major limiting element for the ocean ecosystem. Since the preindustrial era, substantial amounts of nitrogen from terrestrial sources have entered the ocean via rivers, groundwater, and atmospheric deposition. China serves as a key hub in the global nitrogen cycle, but the pathways, sources, and potential mitigation strategies for land-ocean nitrogen transport are unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn order to help China achieve the double carbon target of total carbon peak and high-quality sustainable economic development, and to enrich the work and content of energy conservation and emission reduction in the building sector, the most complex and energy-consuming hospitals are taken as the key projects for energy conservation and emission reduction to carry out feasibility studies. The reasons for the high energy consumption of the existing hospital buildings were analysed, and it was proposed to upgrade the existing systems (including air conditioning, hot water system and intelligent control system) and to generate photovoltaic power for the existing buildings, taking into account the characteristics of the local climate. The results of the study showed that the energy saving and emission reduction effect of the hospital was obvious after the programme was adopted.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe investigated the effects of graphene on the model herb Artemisia annua, which is renowned for producing artemisinin, a widely used pharmacological compound. Seedling growth and biomass were promoted when A. annua was cultivated with low concentrations of graphene, an effect which was attributed to a 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Sci Technol
September 2023
Ammonia (NH) is critical to the nitrogen cycle and PM formation, yet a great deal of uncertainty exists in its urban emission quantifications. Model-underestimated NH concentrations have been reported for cities, yet few studies have provided an explanation. Here, we explore reasons for severe WRF-Chem model underestimations of NH concentrations in Beijing in August 2018, including simulated gas-particle partitioning, meteorology, regional transport, and emissions, using spatially refined (3 km resolution) NH emission estimates in the agricultural sector for Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and in the traffic sector for Beijing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExcess reactive nitrogen (Nr), including nitrogen oxides (NO) and ammonia (NH), contributes strongly to fine particulate matter (PM) air pollution in Europe, posing challenges to public health. Designing cost-effective Nr control roadmaps for PM mitigation requires considering both mitigation efficiencies and implementation costs. Here we identify optimal Nr control pathways for Europe by integrating emission estimations, air quality modeling, exposure-mortality modeling, Nr control experiments and cost data.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heritable form of neurodevelopmental disorder that arises through synaptic dysfunction. Given the involvement of voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels in the regulation of synaptic plasticity, we aimed to explore the relationship between the genetic variants in the and genes (encoding Kv2.1 and Kv4.
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