Quantum efficiency enhancement of reflective GaAs photocathodes with exponential-doping structure generating a favorable built-in electric field.

The rapid development of GaAs photocathodes has led to an increased focus on the attainment of high quantum efficiency. Three types of exponential-doping structures with a high to low doping concentration distribution from the interior to the surface are proposed for reflective GaAs emission layers. These three structures generate different built-in electric fields that facilitate photoelectron emission.

Graphene Intermediate Layer for Robust and Spectrum-Extended Cu Photocathode Activated with Cs and O.

Developing an effective method to stably enhance the quantum efficiency (QE) and extend the photoemission threshold of Cu photocathodes beyond the ultraviolet region could benefit the photoinjector for ultrafast electron source applications. The implementation of a 2D material protective layer is considered a promising approach to extending the operating lifetime of photocathodes. We propose that graphene can serve as an intermediate layer at the interface between photocathode material and low-work-function coating.

Drop Height Impacts the Lower Limb Elastic Energy's Utilization for Male High Jumpers: A Experimental Research from Biomechanics.

The study's objective is to clarify the influence of drop height on elastic energy's utilization of the lower extremity, to indicate the correlations between elastic energy's utilization and personal best, and to determine the optimal loading height for elastic energy's utilization for male high jumpers. Ten male athletes who belong to high jump events work out the drop jump at different drop heights (0.3 m, 0.

Optimal Loading Height: A Practical Research of Drop Jump from Biomechanics.

Plyometrics training is paid great attention by coaches and researchers because of its significant effect on the level of lower limb explosive athletes. Many coaches and reseachers use the biomechanical methods to determine optimal loading height for drop jump. The researchers' findings in determining optimal loading height were highly biased and were not applied effectively to training practices.

Variable Heights Influence Lower Extremity Biomechanics and Reactive Strength Index during Drop Jump: An Experimental Study of Male High Jumpers.

Introduction: This study finds the lower limbs' reactive strength index and biomechanical parameters on variable heights.

Objective: This research aims to reveal the effects of drop height on lower limbs' reactive strength index and biomechanical parameters.

Methods: Two AMTI force platforms and Vicon motion capture system were used to collect kinematic and dynamic signals of the lower limbs.