The crop mined phosphorus nutrition via modifying root traits and rhizosphere micro-food web to meet the increased growth demand under elevated CO.

Elevated CO (eCO) stimulates productivity and nutrient demand of crops. Thus, comprehensively understanding the crop phosphorus (P) acquisition strategy is critical for sustaining agriculture to combat climate changes. Here, wheat ( L) was planted in field in the eCO (550 µmol mol) and ambient CO (aCO, 415 µmol mol) environments.

Straw amendment decreased Cd accumulation in Solanum lycopersicum due to enhanced root functional traits under low-P supply.

Manipulating root functional traits related to phosphorus (P) mobilization and acquisition by using the optimum rate of synthetic P fertilizer coupled with straw addition is a promising option for improving nutrient-use efficiency in agriculture. How such practices influence soil cadmium (Cd) fractions and plant Cd accumulation remains unknown. We conducted two field trials: exp.

Antibiotics pollutants in agricultural soil: Kinetic, sorption, and thermodynamic of ciprofloxacin.

The entry of antibiotics, as pollutants, into the environment has created great concerns. Environmental dynamics of antibiotics based on soil chemical properties need to be a better understanding of their chemical behavior. This research is focused on studying the adsorption behavior and kinetic mechanisms of ciprofloxacin (CIP) in an agricultural soil.

Humboldt Review: Potassium may mitigate drought stress by increasing stem carbohydrates and their mobilization into grains.

Potassium (K) deficiency occurs commonly in crop plants. Optimal K nutrition is particularly important when plants are exposed to stress conditions (especially drought and heat) because a cellular demand for K increases. Low K in plant tissues is known to aggravate the effects of drought stress by impairing the osmoregulation process and the photosynthetic carbon metabolism.

Understanding plant-soil interactions underpins enhanced sustainability of crop production.

The Green Revolution transformed agriculture with high-yielding, stress-resistant varieties. However, the urgent need for more sustainable agricultural development presents new challenges: increasing crop yield, improving nutritional quality, and enhancing resource-use efficiency. Soil plays a vital role in crop-production systems and ecosystem services, providing water, nutrients, and physical anchorage for crop growth.

Transcriptome analysis reveals the molecular mechanisms underlying the enhancement of salt-tolerance in Melia azedarach under salinity stress.

Melia azedarach demonstrates strong salt tolerance and thrives in harsh saline soil conditions, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. In this study, we analyzed gene expression under low, medium, and high salinity conditions to gain a deeper understanding of adaptation mechanisms of M. azedarach under salt stress.

Echinacea: Bioactive Compounds and Agronomy.

For centuries, medicinal plants have been used as sources of remedies and treatments for various disorders and diseases. Recently, there has been renewed interest in these plants due to their potential pharmaceutical properties, offering natural alternatives to synthetic drugs. Echinacea, among the world's most important medicinal plants, possesses immunological, antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral properties.

Physiological and agronomical traits effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in seedlings of Solanum lycopersicum L.

Background: Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO NPs) have been reported to have contrasting effects on plant physiology, while their effects on sugar, protein, and amino acid metabolism are poorly understood. In this work, we evaluated the effects of TiO NPs on physiological and agronomical traits of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) seedlings.

Genetic characterization of root architectural traits in barley ( L.) using SNP markers.

Increasing attention is paid to providing new tools to breeders for targeted breeding for specific root traits that are beneficial in low-fertility, drying soils; however, such information is not available for barley ( L.). A panel of 191 barley accessions (originating from Australia, Europe, and Africa) was phenotyped for 26 root and shoot traits using the semi-hydroponic system and genotyped using 21 062 high-quality single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers generated by genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS).

Bicarbonate rather than high pH in growth medium induced Fe-deficiency chlorosis in dwarfing rootstock quince A ( Mill.) but did not impair Fe nutrition of vigorous rootstock .

Introduction: Quince A ( Mill.), a typical dwarfing rootstock in pear cultivation, is susceptible to iron (Fe) deficiency in calcareous soils. The aim of this study was to compare the strategies in Fe uptake and utilization in dwarfing rootstock quince A (low Fe efficiency) versus a typical vigorous rootstock (PB) with high Fe efficiency.

Ethylene inhibits ABA-induced stomatal closure via regulating NtMYB184-mediated flavonol biosynthesis in tobacco.

Stomatal movement can be regulated by ABA signaling through synthesis of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in guard cells. By contrast, ethylene triggers the biosynthesis of antioxidant flavonols to suppress ROS accumulation and prevent ABA-induced stomatal closure; however, the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. In this study, we isolated and characterized the tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) R2R3-MYB transcription factor NtMYB184, which belongs to the flavonol-specific SG7 subgroup.

Isolation and characterization of phosphate-solubilizing bacterium sp. nov. from rhizosphere soil and its effect on growth.

The Bunge, widely distributed in North China, shows excellent tolerance to low-P soils. However, little information is available on potential phosphate-solubilizing bacterial (PSB) strains from the rhizosphere. The objectives of this work were to isolate and characterize PSB from rhizosphere soil and to evaluate the effect of inoculation with the selected strain on seedlings.

Traceability of Croatian extra virgin olive oils to the provenance soils by multielement and carbon isotope composition and chemometrics.

A capacity to determine the provenance of high-value food products is of high scientific and economic interest. With the aim to develop a tool for geographical traceability of Croatian extra virgin olive oils (EVOO), multielement composition and C/C isotope ratio in EVOO as well as the geochemistry of the associated soils were analysed in samples collected from three regions along the Croatian Adriatic coast. Soil geochemistry was shown to influence the transfer and elemental composition of EVOO.

A Review on Remediation of Iron Ore Mine Tailings via Organic Amendments Coupled with Phytoremediation.

Mining operations degrade natural ecosystems by generating a large quantity of mine tailings. Mine tailings remain in dams/open ponds without further treatment after valuable metals such as iron ore have been extracted. Therefore, rehabilitation of tailings to mitigate the negative environmental impacts is of the utmost necessity.

Phytomelatonin interferes with flavonols biosynthesis to regulate ROS production and stomatal closure in tobacco.

Flavonols are well-known antioxidants that prevent stomatal closure via interfering with ROS signaling. Phytomelatonin regulates stomatal closure, but the signaling pathways are still largely unknown. Here, we investigated the role of flavonols in phytomelatonin-mediated stomatal closure in tobacco plants.

Salt stress affects the biomass of industrial crop Jerusalem artichoke by affecting sugar transport and metabolism.

Even though Jerusalem artichoke ( L.) has strong resistance to abiotic stresses, salinity can still reduce the biomass of Jerusalem artichoke. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the differences in the development of Jerusalem artichoke and the dynamics of sugar throughout the growth period under high (7.

The effect of biochar prepared at different pyrolysis temperatures on microbially driven conversion and retention of nitrogen during composting.

Aerobic composting is one of the most economical ways to produce organic fertilizer from agricultural wastes. In this research, we independently developed a simple composting simulation reactor. The effects of biochar pyrolysised at different pyrolysis temperatures (B1-450 °C; B2-550 °C; and B3-650 °C) on nitrogen conversion (Total nitrogen (TN), ammonium nitrogen (NH -N), nitrate nitrogen (NO -N), cumulative amount of ammonia (CEA) and nitrous oxide (CEN) emission, nitrogen loss rate (NLR), etc.

Nitric oxide acts downstream of reactive oxygen species in phytomelatonin receptor 1 (PMTR1)-mediated stomatal closure in Arabidopsis.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) are important signaling molecules regulating stomatal movements in plants. Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) was found to induce stomatal closure via phytomelatonin receptor 1 (PMTR1)-mediated activation of ROS production. Here, we evaluated the interaction between ROS and NO in the melatonin-induced stomatal closure in Arabidopsis.

Microplastics have rice cultivar-dependent impacts on grain yield and quality, and nitrogenous gas losses from paddy, but not on soil properties.

Microplastics might affect the nitrogen (N)-use efficiency, crop production, and reactive N losses in agricultural system. However, it remains unclear whether the effects are dependent on crop cultivar. Here, a pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of a typical polyethylene (PE) microplastics addition on grain yield and amino acid content, N-use efficiency, ammonia (NH) volatilization and nitrous oxide (NO) emission, and properties of paddy soil planted with common rice Nangeng 5055 (NG) and hybrid rice Jiafengyou 6 (JFY).

Application of malrstone-based conditioner and plantation of Jerusalem artichoke improved properties of saline-alkaline soil in Inner Mongolia.

Soil salinization is a critical environmental issue restricting agricultural production. Inner Mongolia is one of the areas with severe land salinization in China. This study aimed to investigate the effects of conditioning agent (containing marlstone and a range of enzymes) and cultivating Jerusalem artichoke on saline soils in Inner Mongolia.

Rhizosphere engineering for sustainable crop production: entropy-based insights.

There is a growing interest in exploring interactions at root-soil interface in natural and agricultural ecosystems, but an entropy-based understanding of these dynamic rhizosphere processes is lacking. We have developed a new conceptual model of rhizosphere regulation by localized nutrient supply using thermodynamic entropy. Increased nutrient-use efficiency is achieved by rhizosphere management based on self-organization and minimized entropy via equilibrium attractors comprising (i) optimized root strategies for nutrient acquisition and (ii) improved information exchange related to root-soil-microbe interactions.

Humates mitigate Cd uptake in the absence of NaCl salinity, but combined application of humates and NaCl enhances Cd mobility & phyto-accumulation.

Cadmium is among the critical pollutants easily taken up from contaminated media by plants, which can be exploited in the phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated resources, but is also an obstacle in producing food with low Cd content. Crucial variables governing Cd biogeochemistry are complex humates (HA) and chlorides, but the underlying interactions are poorly understood. The aim was to determine the impacts of HA (0-60 mg/L) and NaCl (0-30 mM) on Cd biochemistry in contaminated (2.

Carbon-Phosphorus Coupling Governs Microbial Effects on Nutrient Acquisition Strategies by Four Crops.

Plants adjust root morphological and/or exudation traits in response to phosphorus (P) mobilization mediated by microorganisms. We hypothesized that straw application coupled with P fertilization would influence microbial P and then root nutrient-acquisition strategies related to crop growth. Root morphological (length and average diameter) and exudation traits (acid phosphatase and carboxylates) of , , and in response to microbial P dynamics were characterized in no-P and P-fertilized soil with/without straw addition.

Stomatal closure induced by hydrogen-rich water is dependent on GPA1 in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Hydrogen (H) is a new signaling molecule that regulates stomatal closure via stimulating the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) in Arabidopsis thaliana. GPA1 is the sole heterotrimeric G protein canonical α subunit found in Arabidopsis genome and functions in stomatal closure. Here, we estimated a possible role of Arabidopsis GPA1 in hydrogen-rich water (HRW)-induced stomatal closure.

Dark secrets of phytomelatonin.

Phytomelatonin is a newly identified plant hormone, and its primary functions in plant growth and development remain relatively poorly appraised. Phytomelatonin is a master regulator of reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling and acts as a darkness signal in circadian stomatal closure. Plants exhibit at least three interrelated patterns of interaction between phytomelatonin and ROS production.