A comparative study on the immune response in the head and trunk kidney of yellow catfish infected with Edwardsiella ictaluri.

The teleost kidneys are anatomically divided into head kidney and trunk kidney, each performing distinct physiological functions. Although previous research has elucidated the role of the head kidney in immune responses, there is a paucity of literature on the comparative studies of the head and trunk kidney response to bacterial infection. Therefore, an Edwardsiella ictaluri infection model of yellow catfish was constructed to investigate and compare the immune responses between the two kidney types.

Bioinformatics characteristics and expression analysis of IL-8 and IL-10 in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) upon Nocardia seriolae infection.

IL-8 and IL-10 are crucial inflammatory cytokines that participate in defending host cells against infections. To demonstrate the function of the two interleukin genes in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), we initially cloned and identified the cDNA sequences of il-8 and il-10 in largemouth bass, referred to as Msil-8 and Msil-10, respectively. The open reading frame (ORF) of Msil-8 was 324 bp in length, encoding 107 amino acids, while the ORF of Msil-10 consisted of 726 bp and encoded 241 amino acids.

Dietary Curcumin Supplementation Could Improve Muscle Quality, Antioxidant Enzyme Activities and the Gut Microbiota Structure of .

This experiment aimed to assess the impact of different dietary curcumin (CM) levels on growth, muscle quality, serum-biochemical parameters, antioxidant-enzyme activities, gut microbiome, and liver transcriptome in Chinese soft-shelled turtles (). Five experimental diets were formulated to include graded levels of curcumin at 0 (control, CM0), 0.5 (CM0.

Molecular characterization and expression analyses of five genes involved in the MyD88-dependent pathway of yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) responding to challenge of Aeromonas hydrophila.

MyD88-dependent pathway mediated by Toll-like receptor is one of the vital ways activating immune responses. In order to identify the role of MyD88-dependent signaling pathway in yellow catfish, the Pf_MyD88, Pf_IRAK4, Pf_IRAK1, Pf_TRAF6 and Pf_NFκB1 (p105) (Pf: abbreviation of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) were cloned and characterized respectively. The Pf_MyD88, Pf_IRAK4, Pf_IRAK1 and Pf_TRAF6 were all highly conserved among species and showed the highest homology to that of Pangasianodon hypophthalmus.

Comparative Study on Immune Function of the Head and Trunk Kidney in Rainbow Trout Responding to IHNV Infection.

A teleost's kidney was divided into head kidney and trunk kidney. The head kidney is an important lymphatic organ, while the trunk kidney mainly performs osmotic pressure regulation and excretion functions. Previous studies have shown that the teleost's head kidney exerts a strong immune response against pathogen invasion, while the mechanism of immune response in the trunk kidney is still rarely reported.

Molecular and functional characterization of teleost-specific Interleukin-17N in yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco).

In mammals, six interleukin-17 (IL-17) genes, as potent pro-inflammatory cytokines, all accelerate the inflammatory responses. In teleosts, seven IL-17 genes have been found in various species, but little is known about the function of teleost-specific IL-17N. In this study, teleost IL-17N and IL-17A/F2 genes all had six conserved cysteine residues forming three intrachain disulfide bridges, the length of three exons of teleost IL-17N gene was similar to that of teleost IL-17A/F2 gene, and the neighbor-joining (NJ) phylogenetic tree showed that teleost IL-17N was clustered with vertebrate IL-17A/F, implying that teleost IL-17N gene may be a paralog of teleost IL-17A/F gene.

Characterization, expression and function analysis of pfTLR5S and pfTLR5M in yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) responding to bacterial challenge.

Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) are important pattern recognition receptors, playing critical roles in the early innate immune response to defensing against pathogen invasion. In this study, we found both soluble form TLR5 (pfTLR5S) and membrane form TLR5 (pfTLR5M) in yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. The open reading frames (ORFs) of pfTLR5M and pfTLR5S genes were 2655 bp and 1947 bp in length, encoding 884 and 648 amino acids, respectively.

Blood brain barrier permeability and immune function of brain in rainbow trout responding to IHNV infection.

Viral infection of the central nervous system (CNS) is often associated with blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption. Mammals have developed complicated and efficient immune strategies to protect the BBB. However, the immune defense of brain and BBB permeability changes are not well-understood in teleost during virus invading.

Molecular characteristics, polymorphism and expression analysis of mhc Ⅱ in yellow catfish(pelteobagrus fulvidraco)responding to Flavobacterium columnare infection.

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is an important component of the immune system of vertebrates, which plays a vital role in presenting extrinsic antigens. In this study, we cloned and characterized the mhc ⅡA and mhc ⅡB genes of yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. The open reading frames (ORFs) of mhc ⅡA and mhc ⅡB genes were 708 bp and 747bp in length, encoding 235 and 248 amino acids, respectively.

Expression and Function Analysis of Interleukin-17A/F1, 2, and 3 Genes in Yellow Catfish (): Distinct Bioactivity of Recombinant IL-17A/F1, 2, and 3.

In mammals, Interleukin-17 cytokine family plays critical roles in both acute and chronic inflammatory responses. In fish species, three Interleukin-17A/F (IL-17A/F) genes have been identified to be homologous to mammalian IL-17A and IL-17F, but little is known about their functional activity. In this study, _IL-17A/F1, 2 and 3 genes were cloned from yellow catfish () and they differed in protein structure and exon length, implying that they may have divergent bioactivity.

Molecular characterization, expression analysis and function identification of Pf_TNF-α and its two receptors Pf_TNFR1 and Pf_TNFR2 in yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco).

Inflammation is a common manifestation of body immunity and mediates a cascade of cytokines. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), as a multi-effect cytokine, plays an important role in the inflammatory response by interacting with its receptor (TNFR). In this study, Pf_TNF-α, Pf_TNFR1 and Pf_TNFR2 genes were cloned from yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco), and bioinformatics analyses showed that the three genes were conserved and possessed similar sequence characteristics as those of other vertebrates.

The Dynamic Immune Response of Yellow Catfish () Infected With Presenting the Inflammation Process.

is a highly destructive pathogen in cultured yellow catfish, thus it was very necessary to study the immune response of yellow catfish against bacterial infection. In this study, RNA-Seq technology was used to study the immune response in two distinct tissues of yellow catfish at eight different time points (h) after infection. The number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the spleen and liver was low at 3 h and 6 h post-infection, respectively.

Molecular characterization and expression analysis of Tf_TLR4 and Tf_TRIL in yellow catfish Tachysurus fulvidraco responding to Edwardsiella ictaluri challenge.

Toll-like receptors play significant roles in defensing against pathogen invasion. In this study, TLR4 and TRIL from Yellow catfish Tachysurus fulvidraco (Tf), were identified and characterized. The open reading frames of the Tf_TLR4 and Tf_TRIL genes were 2466 bp and 1827 bp in length, encoding 821 and 608 amino acids, respectively.

Molecular characterization and expression analysis of IL-22 and its two receptors genes in yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus filvidraco) in response to Edwardsiella ictaluri challenge.

Interleukin (IL)-22, as a member of the interleukin (IL)-10 family, is an important mediator between the immune cells and epithelial tissues during infection and inflammation. This study reported the characterization and mRNA expression patterns of Pf_IL-22 gene and its cell surface-associated receptors Pf_IL-22RA1 and soluble Pf_IL-22RA2 genes in yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus filvidraco). The open reading frames (ORFs) of the Pf_IL-22, Pf_IL-22RA1 and Pf_IL-22RA2 genes were 546 bp, 1740 bp and 690 bp in length, encoding 181, 579 and 229 amino acids, respectively.

Molecular cloning and expression analysis of interleukin-1β and interleukin-1 receptor type I genes in yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco): Responses to challenge of Edwardsiella ictaluri.

Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is one of the pivotal early pro-inflammatory cytokines, which play important roles in regulating immune response and inducing a series of inflammatory reactions to infections. Interleukin-1 type I receptor (IL-1RI) is a receptor of the IL-1β that can mediate IL-1-dependent activation. In this study, partial cDNA sequences of the Pf_IL-1β and Pf_IL-1RI genes were cloned from yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco).

Molecular characterization and expression analysis of three TLR genes in yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco): Responses to stimulation of Aeromonas hydrophila and TLR ligands.

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are one of the most extensively researched pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and play an important role in the innate immune system. In this study, partial cDNA sequences of the Pf_TLR18 and Pf_TLR19 genes and complete cDNA sequence of the Pf_TLR21 gene were cloned from yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco). The open reading frames (ORFs) of the Pf_TLR18, Pf_TLR19 and Pf_TLR21 genes were 1956 bp, 2262 bp and 2949 bp in length, encoding 651, 753 and 982 amino acids, respectively.

Expression analysis of nine Toll-like receptors in yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) responding to Aeromonas hydrophila challenge.

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are important components of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), which play significant roles in innate immunity to defense against pathogen invasion. Many TLRs have been found in teleosts, but there are no reports about cloning and expression of TLR genes in yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco). In this study, we analyzed the sequence characters and the relative mRNA expression levels of nine TLRs (TLR1, TLR2, TLR3, TLR4-1, TLR5, TLR7, TLR8-2, TLR9 and TLR22) in different tissues of yellow catfish.

Molecular Characterization and Expression Analyses of the Complement Component C8α, C8β and C9 Genes in Yellow Catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) after the Aeromonas hydrophila Challenge.

The complement components C8α, C8β and C9 have important roles in the innate immune system against invading microorganisms. Partial cDNA sequences of the Pf_C8α, Pf_C8β and Pf_C9 genes (Pf: abbreviation of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) were cloned from yellow catfish. The Pf_C8α, Pf_C8β and Pf_C9 genes showed the greatest amino acid similarity to C8α (54%) and C8β (62%) of zebrafish and to C9 (52%) of grass carp, respectively.

Ghrelin, neuropeptide Y (NPY) and cholecystokinin (CCK) in blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala): cDNA cloning, tissue distribution and mRNA expression changes responding to fasting and refeeding.

Blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala Yih, 1955) is an endemic freshwater fish in China for which the endocrine mechanism of regulation of feeding has never been examined. Ghrelin, neuropeptide Y (NPY) and cholecystokinin (CCK) play important roles in the regulation of fish feeding. In this study, full-length cDNAs of ghrelin, NPY and CCK were cloned and analyzed from blunt snout bream.

A Comparative Transcriptome Analysis between Wild and Albino Yellow Catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco).

Body colours are important and striking features for individual survival and reproductive success, in particular in vertebrates where mating behaviour and mate preference may be strongly influenced by non-normal phenotypes. Pigmentation disorders may be generated by disruption of one or many independent genes as well as by environmental factors. The first discovery of albino yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco Richardson) with golden skin colour from fish farms in China provides us valuable material to study the molecular mechanism underlying the abnormalities of pigmentation.

Chronic exposure to Tributyltin induces brain functional damage in juvenile common carp (Cyprinus carpio).

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of Tributyltin (TBT) on brain function and neurotoxicity of freshwater teleost. The effects of long-term exposure to TBT on antioxidant related indices (MDA, malondialdehyde; SOD, superoxide dismutase; CAT, catalase; GR, glutathione reductase; GPx, glutathione peroxidase), Na+-K+-ATPase and neurological parameters (AChE, acetylcholinesterase; MAO, monoamine oxidase; NO, nitric oxide) in the brain of common carp were evaluated. Fish were exposed to sublethal concentrations of TBT (75 ng/L, 0.

Physiological and molecular responses in brain of juvenile common carp (Cyprinus carpio) following exposure to tributyltin.

Tributyltin (TBT), as antifouling paints, is widely present in aquatic environment, but little is known regarding the toxicity of TBT on fish brain. In this study, the effects of exposure to TBT on the antioxidant defense system, Na(+) -K(+) -ATPase activity, neurological enzymes activity and Hsp 70 protein level in brain of juvenile common carp (Cyprinus carpio) were studied. Fish were exposed to sublethal concentrations of TBT (5, 10 and 20 μg/L) for 7 days.

Responses of the hepatic glutathione antioxidant defense system and related gene expression in juvenile common carp after chronic treatment with tributyltin.

Recently, residual organotin compounds have generally been recognised as relevant sources of aquatic environmental pollutants. However, the effects of these contaminants on the glutathione (GSH)-antioxidant system of fishes have not been adequately studied. In the current study, the chronic effects of tributyltin (TBT) found within antifouling paints for ships, on the GSH antioxidant system and related gene expression in the liver of juvenile common carp (Cyprinus carpio) were investigated.

Chronic effects of tributyltin on multiple biomarkers responses in juvenile common carp, Cyprinus carpio.

In this study, the chronic toxic effects of tributyltin (TBT), an antifouling paints commonly present in surface and ground water, on morphological indices, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and ATPase activity and heat shock protein (Hsp) 70 protein in tissues (liver, gill, and white muscle) of common carp were investigated. Fish were exposed at sublethal concentrations of TBT (75 ng/L, 0.75 μg/L, and 7.

Molecular responses in digestive tract of juvenile common carp after chronic exposure to sublethal tributyltin.

The effect of long-term exposure to tributyltin (TBT) on the intestine-related biochemical biomarkers in common carp was investigated in this study. Fish were exposed at sub-lethal concentrations of TBT (75 ng/L, 0.75 and 7.