Second-Generation Energy Decomposition Analysis of Intermolecular Interaction Energies from the Second-Order Mo̷ller-Plesset Theory: An Extensible, Orthogonal Formulation with Useful Basis Set Convergence for All Terms.

Energy decomposition analysis (EDA) based on density functional theory (DFT) and self-consistent field (SCF) calculations has become widely used for understanding intermolecular interactions. This work reports a new approach to EDA for post-SCF wave functions based on closed-shell restricted second-order Mo̷ller-Plesset (MP2) together with an efficient implementation that generalizes the successful SCF-level second-generation absolutely localized molecular orbital EDA approach, ALMO-EDA-II, and improves upon MP2 ALMO-EDA-I. The new MP2 ALMO-EDA-II provides distinct energy contributions for a frozen interaction energy containing permanent electrostatics and Pauli repulsions, polarized energy-yielding induced electrostatics, dispersion-corrected energy, and the fully relaxed energy, which describes charge transfer.

High-Statistics Measurement of the Cosmic-Ray Electron Spectrum with H.E.S.S.

Owing to their rapid cooling rate and hence loss-limited propagation distance, cosmic-ray electrons and positrons (CRe) at very high energies probe local cosmic-ray accelerators and provide constraints on exotic production mechanisms such as annihilation of dark matter particles. We present a high-statistics measurement of the spectrum of CRe candidate events from 0.3 to 40 TeV with the High Energy Stereoscopic System, covering 2 orders of magnitude in energy and reaching a proton rejection power of better than 10^{4}.

Acute and chronic effects of stretching on balance: a systematic review with multilevel meta-analysis.

Introduction: Balance is a multifactorial construct with high relevance in, e.g., everyday life activities.

Postural control depends on early visual experience.

The present study investigated the role of early visual experience in the development of postural control (balance) and locomotion (gait). In a cross-sectional design, balance and gait were assessed in 59 participants (ages 7-43 years) with a history of (a) transient congenital blindness, (b) transient late-onset blindness, (c) permanent congenitally blindness, or (d) permanent late-onset blindness, as well as in normally sighted controls. Cataract-reversal participants who experienced a transient phase of blindness and gained sight through cataract removal surgery showed worse balance performance compared with sighted controls even when tested with eyes closed.

Acceleration and transport of relativistic electrons in the jets of the microquasar SS 433.

SS 433 is a microquasar, a stellar binary system that launches collimated relativistic jets. We observed SS 433 in gamma rays using the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.

Foam rolling and stretching do not provide superior acute flexibility and stiffness improvements compared to any other warm-up intervention: A systematic review with meta-analysis.

Background: Acute improvement in range of motion (ROM) is a widely reported effect of stretching and foam rolling, which is commonly explained by changes in pain threshold and/or musculotendinous stiffness. Interestingly, these effects were also reported in response to various other active and passive interventions that induce responses such as enhanced muscle temperature. Therefore, we hypothesized that acute ROM enhancements could be induced by a wide variety of interventions other than stretching or foam rolling that promote an increase in muscle temperature.

Blocking P2Y2 purinergic receptor prevents the development of lipopolysaccharide-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with high morbidity and mortality resulting from a direct or indirect injury of the lung. It is characterized by a rapid alveolar injury, lung inflammation with neutrophil accumulation, elevated permeability of the microvascular-barrier leading to an aggregation of protein-rich fluid in the lungs, followed by impaired oxygenation in the arteries and eventual respiratory failure. Very recently, we have shown an involvement of the Gq-coupled P2Y2 purinergic receptor (P2RY2) in allergic airway inflammation (AAI).

The potential impact of advanced footwear technology on the recent evolution of elite sprint performances.

Background: Elite track and field sprint performances have reached a point of stability as we near the limits of human physiology, and further significant improvements may require technological intervention. Following the widely reported performance benefits of new advanced footwear technology (AFT) in road-running events, similar innovations have since been applied to sprint spikes in hope of providing similar performance enhancing benefits. However, it is not yet clear based on current evidence whether there have been subsequent improvements in sprint performance.

A simulation-based randomized trial of ABCDE style cognitive aid for emergency medical services CHecklist In Prehospital Settings: the CHIPS-study.

Background: Checklists are a powerful tool for reduction of mortality and morbidity. Checklists structure complex processes in a reproducible manner, optimize team interaction, and prevent errors related to human factors. Despite wide dissemination of the checklist, effects of checklist use in the prehospital emergency medicine are currently unclear.

Ventilatory support and inflammatory peptides in hospitalised patients with COVID-19: A prospective cohort trial.

Purpose: Several studies have shown that SARS-CoV-2 can induce a massive release of cytokines which contributes to disease severity and mortality. Therefore, cytokine levels in the serum may help to predict disease severity and survival in COVID-19 patients.

Methods: In this prospective trial, 88 patients who were hospitalised for COVID-19 were enrolled.

Which trunk muscle parameter is the best predictor for physical function in older adults?

Background: Despite preliminary evidence demonstrating the relevance of trunk muscle strength for physical function in older adults, it is not clear which muscle-related trunk parameter is the best predictor for physical functions. Therefore, this study aimed to compare trunk muscle morphology or strength parameters regarding their predictive ability for physical functions.

Methods: Seventy-four older adults (38 men, 36 women, mean age 76.

Physiology of Stretch-Mediated Hypertrophy and Strength Increases: A Narrative Review.

Increasing muscle strength and cross-sectional area is of crucial importance to improve or maintain physical function in musculoskeletal rehabilitation and sports performance. Decreases in muscular performance are experienced in phases of reduced physical activity or immobilization. These decrements highlight the need for alternative, easily accessible training regimens for a sedentary population to improve rehabilitation and injury prevention routines.

Evaluation of PD-1 T lymphocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage in lung cancer compared to benign lung diseases.

The expression of the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) has been shown to be markedly increased in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. However, the proportion of PD-1 + T cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) of lung cancer patients has not been sufficiently evaluated so far. In this prospective study, the proportion of PD-1 + CD4 + as well as PD-1 + CD8 + T cells in BAL samples, isolated from patients with lung cancer, asthma or interstitial lung disease (ILD), were determined via flow cytometry and compared for differences.

Asymmetries of foot strike patterns during running in high-level female and male soccer players.

Backround: Foot strike pattern (FSP) is defined by the way the foot makes initial ground contact and is influenced by intrinsic and extrinsic factors. This study investigated the effect of running speed on asymmetries of FSP.

Methods: Seventeen female and nineteen male soccer players performed an incremental running test on an instrumented treadmill starting at 2.

[The influence of footwear on the human gait].

The development of individual gait and running patterns is influenced by internal (anatomical, anthropometric) and external (activity-related, environmental) factors. The predominantly used rearfoot running style is mainly attributed to the use of cushioned shoes, although from an anthropological perspective running barefoot, and thus running forefoot, is considered to be more natural. Numerous studies have shown a long-term influence of habitual footwear use on foot morphology, running biomechanics and basic motor skills.

Prevalence of symptoms of depression and generalized anxiety disorder in field hockey players of German first and lower leagues.

Background: While several studies on mental health of elite athletes were published in recent years, few compared the prevalence with the general population and none included field hockey players.

Aims: To analyze the prevalence of symptoms of depression and generalized anxiety disorder in field hockey players of different skill levels and to compare it to the general population.

Methods: Male and female hockey players from different leagues were asked to answer questions on player characteristics, the Centre of Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7).

Relationship between Muscle Strength and Gait Parameters in Healthy Older Women and Men.

Maintaining sufficient muscle strength is fundamental to prevent a decline in basic physical functions such as gait, and is therefore a prerequisite for a healthy independent life in older people. However, the relationship between gait parameters and the strength of single muscle groups is reported with inconclusive results. The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship of strength of nine single muscle groups of lower and upper leg muscles as well as handgrip strength for gait parameters in older adults.

Tracking sleep in the field: sleep quality and sleep behaviours of elite track and field athletes during preparation and competition.

Elite athletes are susceptible to inadequate sleep, which may peak during competition and be exacerbated by poor sleep behaviours. This study sought to characterise and compare the sleep quality and sleep behaviours of elite track and field athletes during preparation and major competitions. Forty elite international track and field athletes (50% female, aged 25.

Transport-limited kinetics of phosphate retention on iron-coated sand and practical implications.

Iron-coated sand (ICS) is a by-product from drinking water treatment made of sand coated with ferric iron (hydr)oxides. It is considered a suitable material for large-scale measures for phosphate removal from natural and agricultural waters to prevent eutrophication. Previous studies demonstrated that the residence time of water must be very long to reach equilibrium partitioning between phosphate and ICS but specifics for application are missing.

Alpha kinase 3 signaling at the M-band maintains sarcomere integrity and proteostasis in striated muscle.

Muscle contraction is driven by the molecular machinery of the sarcomere. As phosphorylation is a critical regulator of muscle function, the identification of regulatory kinases is important for understanding sarcomere biology. Pathogenic variants in alpha kinase 3 (ALPK3) cause cardiomyopathy and musculoskeletal disease, but little is known about this atypical kinase.

Sex differences in stretch-induced hypertrophy, maximal strength and flexibility gains.

If the aim is to increase maximal strength (MSt) and muscle mass, resistance training (RT) is primarily used to achieve these outcomes. However, research indicates that long-duration stretching sessions of up to 2 h per day can also provide sufficient stimuli to induce muscle growth. In RT literature, sex-related differences in adaptations are widely discussed, however, there is a lack of evidence addressing the sex-related effects on MSt and muscle thickness (MTh) of longer duration stretch training.

Immune cell profiles and patient clustering in complex cases of interstitial lung disease.

Interstitial lung disease comprises numerous clinical entities posing significant challenges towards a prompt and accurate diagnosis. Amongst the contributing factors are intricate pathophysiological mechanisms, an overlap between conditions, and interobserver disagreement. We developed a model for patient clustering offering an additional approach to such complex clinical cases.

Using mass cytometry for the analysis of samples of the human airways.

Mass cytometry (MC) is a powerful method for mapping complex cellular systems at single-cell levels, based on the detection of cellular proteins. Numerous studies have been performed using human blood, but there is a lack of protocols describing the processing and labeling of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and nasal polyps (NP) for acquisition by MC. These specimens are essential in the investigation of immune cell characteristics in airway diseases such as asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis with NP (CRSwNP).

Using Daily Stretching to Counteract Performance Decreases as a Result of Reduced Physical Activity-A Controlled Trial.

There are many reasons for reduced physical activity leading to reduced maximal strength and sport-specific performance, such as jumping performance. These include pandemic lockdowns, serious injury, or prolonged sitting in daily work life. Consequently, such circumstances can contribute to increased morbidity and reduced physical performance.