Two cationic meso-thiophenium porphyrins and their zinc-complexes as anti-HIV-1 and antibacterial agents under non-photodynamic therapy (PDT) conditions.

The anti-HIV-1 and antimicrobial activities of novel cationic meso-thiophenium porphyrins and their zinc-complex are reported under in vitro non-photodynamic (PDT) conditions. While all the cationic porphyrins led to the inhibition of de novo virus infection, the Zn(II)-complexes of T(OH)M (AB-type) and T(OH)M (AB-type) displayed potent inhibition of HIV-1 entry with T(OH)MZn displaying maximal anti-HIV activity. The Zinc complex of both the thiophenium porphyrins T(OH)M and T(OH)M also depicted antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) and more prominently against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923).

An Anti-inflammatory Fe O -Porphyrin Nanohybrid Capable of Apoptosis through Upregulation of p21 Kinase Inhibitor Having Immunoprotective Properties under Anticancer PDT Conditions.

We report the influence of Fe O nanoparticles (NPs) on porphyrins in the development of photosensitizers (PSs) for efficient photodynamic therapy (PDT) and possible post-PDT responses for inflicting cancer cell death. Except for Au, most metal-based nanomaterials are unsuitable for clinical applications. The US Food and Drug Administration and other agencies have approved Feraheme and a few other iron oxide NPs for clinical use, paving the way for novel biocompatible immunoprotective superparamagnetic iron oxide nanohybrids to be developed as nanotherapeutics.

-Thiophenium Porphyrins and Their Zn(II) Complexes: A New Category of Cationic Photosensitizers.

A new category of cationic -thiophenium porphyrins are introduced as possible alternatives to the popular -pyridinium porphyrins. Combinations of cationic porphyrins bearing -2-methylthiophenium and -4-hydroxyphenyl moieties (AB type) and (AB type) along with their zinc(II) complexes and , are reported. The increase in the number of thienyl groups attached to the -positions of the porphyrin derivatives (AB frame) has been shown to impart longer fluorescence lifetimes and stronger photocytotoxicity toward A549 lung cancer cells, as evident with and its corresponding diamagnetic metal complex The photoactivated imparts an early stage reactive oxygen species (ROS) upregulation and antioxidant depletion in A549 cells and contributes to the strongest oxidative stress-induced cell death mechanism in the series.

Benzamide porphyrins with directly conjugated and distal pyridyl or pyridinium groups substituted to the porphyrin macrocycles: Study of the photosensitising abilities as inducers of apoptosis in cancer cells under photodynamic conditions.

Amphiphilic porphyrin photosensitisers (PSs) having combinations of directly substituted pyridyl group(s) at the meso-position of a porphyrin macrocycle, and/or indirectly linked pyridyl groups as benzamide derivatives are reported. The compounds 5,10,15,20-tetrakis-(4-pyridylbenzamide)porphyrin (A.2), 5,10,15,20-tetra[N-(pyridine-4-yl)benzamidium] porphyrin (A.