Gut microbiota mediated inflammation, neuroendocrine and neurotrophic functions involved in the antidepressant-like effects of diosgenin in chronic restraint stress.

Background: Diosgenin is a well-known steroid saponin possessing neuroprotective activities. However, it is unknown whether diosgenin could alleviate depression-like symptoms.

Methods: The antidepressant-like effect of diosgenin was investigated in mice induced by chronic restraint stress.

The complete chloroplast genome of Roem. et Schult., an economic plant to China.

The chloroplast (cp) genome sequence of has been characterized from Illumina pair-end sequencing. The complete cp genome was 160,830 bp in length, containing a large single-copy region (LSC) of 89,049 bp and a small single-copy region (SSC) of 19,071 bp, which were separated by a pair of 26,355 bp inverted repeat regions (IRs). The genome contained 131 genes, including 88 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes.