Thyroid hormone, immunoglobin and complements for predicting hepatocellular carcinoma development in patients with hepatitis B virus-related liver cirrhosis.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance is crucial for patients with compensated cirrhosis (CC) and decompensated cirrhosis (DC). Increasing evidence has revealed a connection between thyroid hormone (TH) and HCC, although this relationship remains contentious. Complements and immunoglobulin (Ig), which serve as surrogates of cirrhosis-associated immune dysfunction, are associated with the severity and outcomes of liver cirrhosis (LC).

SOX2 control activation of dormant prostate cancer cells in bone metastases by promoting CCNE2 gene expression.

Background: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have a powerful tumor initiation ability, which can promote the early dissemination of single disseminated tumor cells (DTCs), leading to tumor progression. SOX2, a pluripotent inducible transcription factor, is key to maintaining self-renewal and pluripotency of prostate cancer stem cells. However, there is a lack of comprehensive understanding of how SOX2 regulates DTCs dormancy and proliferation in the bone marrow microenvironment.

The Free Triiodothyronine, Gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase and Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis Index: A Novel Model for Predicting 1-Year Mortality in Patients with HBV-Related Hepatic Encephalopathy.

Background And Aims: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is characterized by neuropsychiatric manifestations in patients with decompensated cirrhosis (DC) and/or liver failure. This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of thyroid hormone in patients with HE.

Methods: Patients with DC and HE were enrolled, and multivariate logistic analysis was conducted to analyze the risk factors for 1-year mortality.

Fatty acid binding protein 5 inhibition attenuates pronociceptive cytokine/chemokine expression and suppresses osteoarthritis pain: A comparative human and rat study.

Objective: Osteoarthritis (OA) is often accompanied by debilitating pain that is refractory to available analgesics due in part to the complexity of signaling molecules that drive OA pain and our inability to target these in parallel. Fatty acid binding protein 5 (FABP5) is a lipid chaperone that regulates inflammatory pain; however, its contribution to OA pain has not been characterized.

Design: This combined clinical and pre-clinical study utilized synovial tissues obtained from subjects with end-stage OA and rats with monoiodoacetate-induced OA.

Lifestyle-based nomogram for identifying the Chaoshan inhabitants of China at high risk of Helicobacter pylori infection.

Background: Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection is associated with various diseases. Early detection can prevent the onset of illness. We constructed a nomogram to predict groups at high risk of HP infection.

Socioeconomic status, mental health, and nutrition are the principal traits for low back pain phenotyping: Data from the osteoarthritis initiative.

Background: Low back pain (LBP) is a heterogeneous disease with biological, physical, and psychosocial etiologies. Models for predicting LBP severity and chronicity have not made a clinical impact, perhaps due to difficulty deciphering multidimensional phenotypes. In this study, our objective was to develop a computational framework to comprehensively screen metrics related to LBP severity and chronicity and identify the most influential.

A new model predicts hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with HBV-related decompensated liver cirrhosis and long-term antiviral therapy: a prospective study.

Background: We aimed to evaluate the prediction values of non-invasive models for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development in patients with HBV-related liver cirrhosis (LC) and long-term NA treatment.

Methods: Patients with compensated or decompensated cirrhosis (DC), who achieved long-term virological response, were enrolled. DC and its stages were defined by the complications including ascites, encephalopathy, variceal bleeding, or renal failure.

Expression profile analysis to identify potential gene changes induced by dexamethasone in the trabecular meshwork.

Aim: To investigate potential gene changes in trabecular meshwork (TM) induced by dexamethasone (DEX) in steroid-induced glaucoma (SIG).

Methods: The expression data of 24 cases from a public functional genomics data were sorted to identify the mechanisms of action of DEX on the TM. The relationships of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were enriched using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis.

Tranexamic acid combined with compression dressing reduces blood loss in gluteal muscle contracture surgery.

Background: Blood loss and incision-related complications caused by the surgical procedure to release gluteal muscle contracture (GMC) put negative effects on the surgical outcomes. Current procedures to prevent blood loss and complications are not satisfactory. The current study aimed to determine whether tranexamic acid (TXA) in combination with pressure dressing reduce the amount of blood loss, the rate of incision-related complications, and the rate of readmission for patients undergoing surgeries to release GMC.

Predicting postoperative transfusion in elective total HIP and knee arthroplasty: Comparison of different machine learning models of a case-control study.

Background: Total joint arthroplasty (TJA) is a very successful orthopedics procedure but associates with a significantly high transfusion rate.

Objective: In this study, we aimed to determine predictors of postoperative blood transfusion in patients undergoing elective hip and knee TJA patients and compare the accuracy of machine learning (ML) algorithms in predicting transfusion risk.

Methods: We utilized data from 12,642 patients undergoing primary unilateral TJA.

Combination of CRP with NLR is a sensitive tool for screening fixation-related infection in patients undergoing conversion total hip arthroplasty after failed internal fixation for femoral neck fracture.

Aims: Monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) or neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) are useful for diagnosing periprosthetic joint infection (PJI), but their diagnostic values are unclear for screening fixation-related infection (FRI) in patients for whom conversion total hip arthroplasty (THA) is planned after failed internal fixation for femoral neck fracture.

Methods: We retrospectively included 340 patients who underwent conversion THA after internal fixation for femoral neck fracture from January 2008 to September 2020. Those patients constituted two groups: noninfected patients and patients diagnosed with FRI according to the 2013 International Consensus Meeting Criteria.

Role of D-dimer and Fibrinogen in the Diagnosis of Periprosthetic Joint Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The diagnostic potential of D-dimer and fibrinogen to detect periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) of the hip and knee is not well-understood. The aim of this study was to determine whether D-Dimer and fibrinogen can be used as effective biomarkers to screen PJI. A systematic review of the literature indexed in Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Google Scholar databases was performed.

Normal trajectory of Interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein in the perioperative period of total knee arthroplasty under an enhanced recovery after surgery scenario.

Background: We designed the current study to understand the normal trajectories of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in the immediate hours and days after primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) under the management of an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol and examined whether one or the other returned to normal more quickly.

Methods: In this prospective cross-sectional study, we examined the plasma IL-6 and CRP levels in 100 patients undergoing primary TKA at the following time points: 12 h preoperatively as well as postoperatively 12 h, 48 h, 3 days and 2 weeks. Patients were followed up for 1 year to monitor the postoperative complications, especially the infection.

Faecal microbiota transplantation from metabolically compromised human donors accelerates osteoarthritis in mice.

Objectives: Emerging evidence suggests that the microbiome plays an important role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). We aimed to test the two-hit model of OA pathogenesis and potentiation in which one 'hit' is provided by an adverse gut microbiome that activates innate immunity; the other 'hit' is underlying joint damage.

Methods: Medical history, faecal and blood samples were collected from human healthy controls (OA-METS-, n=4), knee OA without metabolic syndrome (OA+METS-, n=7) and knee OA with metabolic syndrome (OA+METS+, n=9).

Tranexamic acid may benefit patients undergoing total hip/knee arthroplasty because of haemophilia.

Background: The lower limb joints, including hip and knee, are the most commonly involved joints in haemophilic arthropathy. With a higher risk of transfusion, total hip and knee arthroplasty (THA and TKA) are still the first choice after failure of conservative treatment. In the present study, we aimed to analyze clinical outcomes and complications rate after total joint arthroplasty of the lower limbs using tranexamic acid (TXA) or not.

Meta-analysis of pain and function placebo responses in pharmacological osteoarthritis trials.

Objective: To evaluate contextual effects in the form of placebo responses (PRs) for patient-reported pain and function and objectively measured function in osteoarthritis (OA) clinical trials.

Methods: Two authors independently searched major electronic databases from inception to 20 May 2019. Included studies were randomized, placebo-controlled OA trials of pharmacological agents reporting both patient-reported and objectively measured outcomes.

Analysis of a large data set to identify predictors of blood transfusion in primary total hip and knee arthroplasty.

Background: The aim of this study was to identify the predictors of need for allogenic blood transfusion (ALBT) in primary lower limb total joint arthroplasty (TJA).

Study Design And Methods: This study utilized a large dataset of 15,187 patients undergoing primary unilateral TJA. Risk factors and demographic information were extracted from the electronic health record.

Upper partial fibulectomy improves knee biomechanics and function and decreases knee pain of osteoarthritis: A pilot and biomechanical study.

To investigate the change in clinical outcomes and biomechanical properties of the knee in response to upper partial fibulectomy. Sixteen patients with medial compartment knee osteoarthritis (KOA) underwent upper partial fibulectomy. Visual analog scale (VAS) pain, the hospital for special surgery knee score (HSS), hip-knee-ankle (HKA) angle (measured in the frontal plane), and flexion/extension range of motion of the knee were assessed before and up to 6 months after surgery.

Evidence and mechanism by which upper partial fibulectomy improves knee biomechanics and decreases knee pain of osteoarthritis.

To investigate the change in short-term clinical outcomes and biomechanical properties of the knee in response to upper partial fibulectomy and to probe into the biomechanical mechanism underlying the clinical benefits of upper partial fibulectomy for medial compartment knee osteoarthritis (KOA). A total of 29 patients with medial compartment KOA underwent upper partial fibulectomy. Visual analog scale (VAS) pain, the hospital for special surgery knee score (HSS), hip-knee-ankle (HKA) angle (measured in the frontal plane), and flexion/extension range of motion of the knee were assessed before and up to 6 months after surgery.

Intravenous and Topical Tranexamic Acid Alone Are Superior to Tourniquet Use for Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Prospective, Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Tourniquet use during primary total knee arthroplasty is thought to reduce intraoperative blood loss and improve visibility. Our goal was to investigate whether tourniquet use is necessary for controlling intraoperative blood loss when alternatives such as tranexamic acid (TXA) are available.

Methods: One hundred and fifty patients were equally randomized to 3 groups.

Radiographic Underestimation of In Vivo Cup Coverage Provided by Total Hip Arthroplasty for Dysplasia.

The accuracy of using 2-dimensional anteroposterior pelvic radiography to assess acetabular cup coverage among patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip after total hip arthroplasty (THA) remains unclear in retrospective clinical studies. A group of 20 patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip (20 hips) underwent cementless THA. During surgery but after acetabular reconstruction, bone wax was pressed onto the uncovered surface of the acetabular cup.