Changing patterns and influencing factors of involuntary admissions following the implementation of China's mental health law: A 4-year longitudinal investigation.

Involuntary admission (IA) is limited to particular situations in mental health laws to protect patients from unnecessary coercion. China's first national mental health law has been in effect since 2013; however, the status of IA has not been sufficiently explored. To explore the changing patterns of IA since the clinical application of the IA criteria specified in the new law, an investigation of IA status was undertaken in 14 periods (each period lasting for one month from 05/2013 to 05/2017) in the tertiary specialized psychiatric hospital in Shanghai.

A compromise solution between overlapping and overlooking DSM personality disorders in Chinese psychiatric practice.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the overlaps between the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-5 (DSM-5) Personality Disorders (PDs) in a high-risk clinical population and to explore a transitional model for implementing DSM-5 PDs.

Method: A sample population of 982 outpatients with at least one diagnosed PD was selected from 3,075 outpatients of the Shanghai Mental Health Center. The diagnostic process comprised of a personality diagnostic questionnaire and a structured clinical interview.

Progressive decline of cognition during the conversion from prodrome to psychosis with a characteristic pattern of the theory of mind compensated by neurocognition.

The association between neurocognition and the theory of mind (ToM) abilities during the progression of psychosis is unclear. This study included 83 individuals with attenuated psychosis syndrome (APS), from which 26 converted to psychosis (converters) after a follow up period of 18months. Comprehensive cognitive tests (including MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery, Faux-Pas Task, and Reading-Mind-in-Eyes Tasks) were administered at baseline.

Using 'WeChat' online social networking in a real-world needs analysis of family members of youths at clinical high risk of psychosis.

Objective: The argument surrounding the safety and effectiveness of interventions for the population of individuals at a clinical high risk of developing psychosis has been ongoing for the past 30 years. However, few studies have assessed the needs of this special young population, who are struggling with the recent onset of psychotic symptoms.

Method: The sample consisted of 171 family members of 108 clinical high-risk individuals included from the ShangHai at Risk for Psychosis research programme.

Correlation of social cognition and neurocognition on psychotic outcome: a naturalistic follow-up study of subjects with attenuated psychosis syndrome.

Neurocognitive decline has been observed in patients with psychosis as well as attenuated psychosis syndrome (APS). We tested the hypothesis that APS increases dependence on neurocognition during the interpretation of others' mental states and that a combination index of Theory of Mind (ToM) and neurocognition improves the predictive accuracy of psychosis conversion. A sample of 83 APS individuals and 90 healthy controls (HC) were assessed by comprehensive cognitive tests.

Co-morbidity of personality disorder in schizophrenia among psychiatric outpatients in China: data from epidemiologic survey in a clinical population.

Background: The reported rates of personality disorder (PD) in subjects with schizophrenia (SZ) are quite varied across different countries, and less is known about the heterogeneity of PD among subjects with SZ. We examined the co-morbidity of PD among patients who are in the stable phase of SZ.

Method: 850 subjects were randomly sampled from patients diagnosed with SZ in psychiatric and psycho-counseling clinics at Shanghai Mental Health Center.

Theory of Mind Impairments in Youth at Clinical High Risk of Psychosis.

Objective: The normal maturational processes of theory of mind (ToM) capacity are ongoing during adolescence and even early adulthood. However, research has shown that ToM ability also declines among adults suffering from prodromal psychotic experiences. The goal of this study was to investigate the characteristics of ToM performance in youth with clinical high risk (CHR) of psychosis.

Faux pas recognition performance in a help-seeking population at clinical high risk of psychosis.

There is a growing body of evidence suggesting that patients with psychosis show impaired theory of mind (ToM). However, much remains to be understood as to whether ToM deficits occur in the premorbid or post-onset period of psychosis. Our primary aim was to examine empirically impairment on ToM tasks in a group of individuals with clinical high risk (CHR) of psychosis.

Interaction of social role functioning and coping in people with recent-onset attenuated psychotic symptoms: a case study of three Chinese women at clinical high risk for psychosis.

Clinical high risk of psychosis is defined as the period in which the first signs of psychotic symptoms begin to appear. During this period, there is an increased probability of developing frank psychosis. It is crucial to investigate the interaction between psychotic symptoms and the individual's personality and life experiences in order to effectively prevent, or delay the development of psychosis.

Screening schizotypal personality disorder for detection of clinical high risk of psychosis in Chinese mental health services.

Schizotypal personality disorder (SPD) is viewed as a marker of prodromal psychosis. However, information regarding genetic risk (e.g.

Neuropsychological Impairment in Prodromal, First-Episode, and Chronic Psychosis: Assessing RBANS Performance.

Background: Cognitive deficits are observed throughout all developmental phases of psychosis. However, prior studies have usually focused on a limited illness period and used a wide variety of cognitive instruments. Therefore, it has been difficult to characterize or highlight cognitive functioning in different stages of psychosis.

Childhood maltreatment profile in a clinical population in China: a further analysis with existing data of an epidemiologic survey.

To determine the lifetime prevalence and diverse profiles of types of childhood maltreatment (CM) in a high-risk clinical sample using standardized assessment tools (Child Trauma Questionnaire, CTQ) in China, Shanghai, 2090 subjects were sampled from the Shanghai Mental Health Centre. Personality disorder (PD) was assessed using the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire (PDQ-4+) and subjects were interviewed using the Structured Clinical Interview (SCID-II). CTQ was used to assess CM in five domains (emotional abuse, EA; physical abuse, PA; sexual abuse, SA; emotional neglect, EN; and physical neglect, PN).

Role of childhood traumatic experience in personality disorders in China.

Background: There has been no large-scale examination of the association between types of childhood abuse and personality disorders (PDs) in China using standardized assessment tools and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) criteria. Hence, this study aimed to explore the relationship between retrospective reports of various types of childhood maltreatments and current DSM-IV PDs in a clinical population in China, Shanghai.

Method: One thousand four hundred two subjects were randomly sampled from the Shanghai Psychological Counselling Centre.

[Survey on the prevalence of anxiety disorders in internal medical outpatients at general hospital].

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of anxiety disorder in internal medical outpatients at general hospital, explore some susceptible factors of anxiety disorder patients and assess the physician diagnosis and treatment of anxiety disorders.

Methods: According to 10:1 random sampling, the outpatients from cardiac medicine, digestive medicine, endocrinology and hypertension at Shanghai Ruijin Hospital were selected during November 2007 to January 2008. Hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) was used to screen the subjects.

Differential sensory gating functions between smokers and non-smokers among drug-naive first episode schizophrenic patients.

Although an acute effect of cigarette smoking and nicotine on sensory gating of schizophrenias has been investigated in published papers, the chronic effect of cigarette smoking on this phenomenon has not yet been reported. We report the effects of chronic cigarette smoking, without new acute exposure before testing, on sensory gating using the P50 auditory evoked potential in a group of drug-naive first episode schizophrenic smokers and healthy smokers. Sensory gating was evaluated using auditory P50 suppression elicited using the conditioning (S1)-testing (S2) paradigm.

[A cross-sectional survey on personality disorder in mental disorder outpatients in Shanghai].

Objective: To study the prevalence and risk factors for personality disorder (PD) outpatients attending in for psychiatric and psychological counseling in Shanghai.

Methods: 3075 subjects were sampled by systematic sampling method from outpatients in psycho-counseling clinics and psychiatric clinics in Shanghai Mental Health Center. Based on DSM-IV criteria, personality disorders were assessed by both questionnaires (personality diagnostic questionnaire, PDQ-4+) and interviews (structured clinical interview for DSM-IV Axis II, SCID-II).

[N400 changes elicited by Chinese sentences in first episode schizophrenia].

Objective: To explore N400 changes elicited by Chinese sentences ending with matching (congruent) or mismatching (incongruent) words in first episode schizophrenia.

Methods: ERP (event-related potentials) component N400 were recorded by an ERP device in 56 first episode schizophrenia (FES) and 62 normal controls (NC) according to a paradigm of Chinese sentences ending with matching or mismatching words.

Results: (1) Latencies: compared with NC, FES showed prolonged N400 latencies in five areas at pre-treatment: in Cz.

N400 elicited by incongruent ending words of Chinese idioms in healthy adults.

Background: Prior research about N400 has been mainly based on English stimuli, while the cognitive processing of Chinese characters is still unclear. The aim of the present study was to further investigate the semantic processing of Chinese idioms.

Methods: Event related potentials (ERP) component N400 was elicited by 38 pairs of matching (congruent) and mismatching (incongruent) ended Chinese idioms: ending words with same phoneme but different shape and meaning (sPdSdM), with similar shape but different phoneme and meaning (sSdPdM), with same meaning but different phoneme and shape (sMdPdS), and words with different phoneme, shape and meaning (dPdSdM) and recorded by Guangzhou Runjie WJ-1 ERP instruments.

[Experimental study on sensory gating in generalized anxiety and obsessive compulsive disorders].

Objective: To observe the characteristics of sensory gating P50 in generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and in obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) patients.

Methods: Auditory evoked potentials P50 were recorded in 41 GAD patients, 69 OCD patients and in 58 normal controls by the conditioning/testing paradigm presented with auditory double clicks stimuli, using American Nicolet Bravo instrument.

Results: (1) No significant differences was found in latencies of S1-P50 and S2-P50 among these three groups (P > 0.

Symptom dimensions in Chinese patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

To study the symptom dimensions of Chinese patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), the symptom checklist of the Dimensional Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (DY-BOCS) was used to assess the symptom dimensions of 139 OCD patients at a mental health center in Shanghai. The most common symptom dimensions were symmetry (67.6%), contamination (43.