Suspended sediment (SPS) triggers nitrogen retention by altering microbial network stability and electron transport behavior during the aerobic-anoxic transition.

NO-N transformation, the vital biological process, determines nitrogen removal and retention in aquatic environment. Suspended sediment (SPS) ubiquitous in freshwater ecosystems can accelerate the transitions from aerobic to anoxic states, inevitably impacting NO-N transformation. To elaborate on the microbial mechanism by which SPS content affected NO-N transformation, we explored nitrogen removal and retention, microbial communities, co-occurrence networks, and electron transfer behavior under different SPS content during the aerobic-anoxic transition.

Causal contributions of cell-type-specific circuits in the posterior dorsal striatum to auditory decision-making.

In the dorsal striatum (DS), the direct- and indirect-pathway striatal projection neurons (dSPNs and iSPNs) play crucial opposing roles in controlling actions. However, it remains unclear whether and how dSPNs and iSPNs provide distinct and specific contributions to decision-making, a process transforming sensory inputs to actions. Here, we perform causal interrogations on the roles of dSPNs and iSPNs in the posterior DS (pDS) in auditory-guided decision-making.

Immune checkpoint B7-H3 is a potential therapeutic target in prostate cancer.

High expression of immune checkpoint molecule B7-H3 (CD276) in many cancer types makes it a promising immunotherapeutic target. Both coinhibitory and costimulatory effects of B7-H3 in tumors have been demonstrated, but the mechanism of B7-H3 immune response under dual effects is open to question. B7-H3 is crucially involved in the migration and invasion, angiogenesis, metabolism and chemotherapy resistance of prostate cancer.

Relationships between blood cadmium concentration and risk of nine cancers: evidence from the NHANES 1999-2018 and Mendelian randomization analyses.

Background: Previous observational studies examining the relationship between cadmium exposure and various cancers have yielded conflicting results. This study aims to comprehensively clarify the relationship between blood cadmium concentration (BCC) and nine specific cancers.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2018 identified 36,991 participants.

Recentering the humeral head does not necessarily improve glenohumeral abduction: A cadaveric biomechanical study.

Purpose: To explore if recentering the humeral head could improve shoulder abduction in shoulders with irreparable massive rotator cuff tears (IMRCTs).

Methods: Nine fresh-frozen cadaveric shoulders were used to simulate the intact condition and IMRCTs as controls. Four 'recenter' interventions were then sequentially applied: subacromial interposition (SI) using 4- and 8-mm spacers and superior capsule reconstruction (SCR) using two- and four-layer fascia lata grafts.

RNA modifications in plant adaptation to abiotic stresses.

Epitranscriptomic chemical modifications of RNAs have emerged as potent regulatory mechanisms in the plant stress adaptation process. Currently, over 170 distinct chemical modifications have been identified in mRNAs, tRNAs, rRNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs), and long-noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). The genetic and molecular studies have identified the genes responsible for adding and removing chemical modifications on RNA molecules, known as "writers" and "erasers," respectively.

Exosomes derived from hypoxic mesenchymal stem cells restore ovarian function by enhancing angiogenesis.

Background: hucMSC-exosomes can be engineered to strengthen their therapeutic potential, and the present study aimed to explore whether hypoxic preconditioning can enhance the angiogenic potential of hucMSC-exosomes in an experimental model of POF.

Methods: Primary hucMSCs and ROMECs were isolated from fresh tissue samples and assessed through a series of experiments. Exosomes were isolated from hucMSCs under normoxic or hypoxic conditions (norm-Exos and hypo-Exos, respectively) and then characterized using classic experimental methods.

A novel conditioning regimen with pre-transplantation immunosuppression reduces the complication rates in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia.

Background: Allo-HSCT is a curative therapy for patients with transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT). The high incidence of transplant-related complications is becoming an obstacle to safe and effective unrelated donor (URD) transplantation.

Methods: In this retrospective study, we reported the survival outcomes and complications of transplantation in thalassemia patients using a novel regimen consisting of pre-transplantation immunosuppression (PTIS) and modified myeloablative conditioning based on intravenous busulfan, cyclophosphamide, fludarabine, and rabbit anti-human thymocyte immunoglobulin.

An internally validated prognostic nomogram model predicts the stone-free rate following endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery for renal stones.

Background: Here, we aim to develop and validate a viable prognostic nomogram model for predicting a stone-free rate of kidney stones patients based on retrospective cohort analysis.

Methods: This is a retrospective study that obtained a continuous cohort from the databases of two hospitals (General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, and Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital), including 522 patients with kidney stones who underwent Endoscopic Combined Intrarenal Surgery (ECIRS) from January 2015 to December 2022.The characteristics of the primary cohort between the SF (stone-free) and SR (stone residue) groups were identified using single factor and multivariate logistic regression analyses.

Topical application of Glauber's salt accelerates the absorption of abdominal fluid after pancreatectomy.

Background: Abdominal fluid collection (AFC) is one of the most common complications after pancreatic surgery, yet there are few recommendations on how to manage it. Most cases of AFC only require observation, while others may require more invasive techniques. Unfortunately, there are no drugs that effectively promote the absorption of AFCs.

Systematic literature review on early detection of postoperative delirium in adult patients after cardiac surgery.

Background: Postoperative delirium (POD) is a cognitive decline and attention deficit that can occur in patients after cardiac surgery. Despite extensive research identifying the risk factors, POD often remains undiagnosed and untreated in medical settings. Therefore, this systematic literature review (SLR) aimed to summarize the available studies on early POD identification in patients following cardiovascular surgery.

Choice of open side affects clinical outcomes of unilateral open-door laminoplasty for inconsistent cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament.

Background: The best open side for unilateral open-door laminoplasty (UODL) to treat inconsistent cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) needs to be identified.

Methods: Thirty-one individuals with inconsistent OPLL who underwent UODL between January 2016 and December 2018 were retrospectively divided into two groups: when the side of the open door was consistent with the side of the larger ossification occupancy area, patients were placed in the Consistent group; when the side of the open door was contralateral to the side of the larger ossification occupancy area, patients were placed in the Contralateral group. The following parameters were evaluated: neck disability index (NDI) score, Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score, visual analog scale (VAS) score, postoperative laminoplasty opening width and angle, and spinal cord diameter ratio.

Dynamic effects of fixed orthodontic treatment on oral health and oral microbiota: a prospective study.

Objective: This prospective clinical study examined the effects of fixed orthodontic appliances on oral hygiene and assessed changes in the oral microflora structure of orthodontic patients using high-throughput sequencing technology.

Methods: A total of 45 patients undergoing initial fixed orthodontic treatment were recruited from three hospitals in Beijing, China. Clinical parameters and oral hygiene habits questionnaire were recorded at pre-treatment (T0) and at a 6-month follow-up (T1).

Machine learning for the prediction of mortality in patients with sepsis-associated acute kidney injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Predicting mortality in sepsis-related acute kidney injury facilitates early data-driven treatment decisions. Machine learning is predicting mortality in S-AKI in a growing number of studies. Therefore, we conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the predictive value of machine learning for mortality in patients with septic acute kidney injury.

Apatinib Mesylate Inhibits Cell Proliferation and the Metastasis of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Through ERK/ELK-1/Snail Pathway.

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of apatinib (APT) mesylate on the growth, migration ability, and underlying mechanisms in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cell lines Kyse30 and Kyse150. Additionally, the anti-metastatic effects of APT mesylate were further validated in a nude mouse xenograft metastasis model. In vitro, APT mesylate treatment significantly reduced cell viability and migration ability in both cell lines in a dose- and time-dependent manner.

Chronobiological Patterns and Risk of Acute Aortic Dissection: A Clinical Retrospective and Two-Sample Mendelian Randomisation Study.

Aim: Acute aortic dissection (AAD) represents a cardiovascular ailment characterised by a notable mortality rate. Chronobiological patterns can offer a predictive framework for anticipating the onset of AAD.

Method: Data were gathered from 1,151 patients diagnosed with AAD at Changhai Hospital in Shanghai, China, spanning 2000-2023.

Programmable ultrasound-mediated swarms manipulation of bacteria-red blood cell microrobots for tumor-specific thrombosis and robust photothermal therapy.

Despite the excellent advantages of biomicrorobots, such as autonomous navigation and targeting actuation, effective penetration and retention to deep lesion sites for effective therapy remains a longstanding challenge. Here, we present dual-engine cell microrobots, which we refer to as PR-robots, created by conjugating photosynthetic bacteria (PSB) with red blood cells (RBCs). The robots penetrate the tumor interior in swarms through combined hypoxic traction and ultrasound actuation (UA).

Application of a novel gastro-laryngeal mask in upper gastrointestinal endoscopy surgery: A pilot randomized clinical trial.

Background: The Gastro-Laryngeal Mask (Jcerity Endoscoper Airway) is a new airway management technique utilized in patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy surgery under general anesthesia, but evidence of its effectiveness and safety is scarce.

Objective: To assess the success rate of insertion, cardiovascular response, airway pressure, time taken for placement, nausea or vomiting, pharyngodynia, and other complications of using the new type of back-open gastroscopy laryngeal mask.

Methods: We screened 1401 patients; 105 were ineligible, and 40 declined to participate.

Engineered Microalgae for Photo-Sonodynamic Synergistic Therapy in Breast Cancer Treatment.

Dynamic therapies such as photodynamic therapy (PDT) and sonodynamic therapy (SDT) have potential in cancer treatment. Microalgae have attracted increasing attention because of their high active mobility, flexibility in terms of functionality, and good biocompatibility. In this study, surface-engineered microalgae Chlorella vulgaris (Chl) modified with metal‒organic framework (MOF) nanoparticles (denoted Chl-MOF) are successfully developed for synergistic photo-sonodynamic therapy and immunotherapy.

Meta-epidemiology and reporting characteristics of mapping reviews: a scoping review.

Objectives: To investigate the meta-epidemiology and reporting characteristics of mapping reviews.

Study Design And Setting: We conducted a scoping review of a sample of recent mapping reviews (2022-2023) by searching nine electronic databases and eleven institutional websites up to January 2024. A 28-item reporting checklist, developed by our team and based on existing guidance and methodological studies of mapping reviews, was employed to assess reporting characteristics.

CircMETTL9 targets CCAR2 to induce neuronal oxidative stress and apoptosis via mitochondria-mediated pathways following traumatic brain injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a principal factor in neurological disorders, often resulting in significant morbidity due to secondary neuroinflammatory and oxidative stress responses. While circular RNAs are recognized for their high expression levels in the nervous system and play crucial roles in various neurological processes, their specific contributions to the pathophysiology of TBI remain underexplored. In this study, the possible molecular mechanisms through which circMETTL9 modulated oxidative stress and neurological outcomes following TBI were investigated.

Indicator-based tuberculosis infection control assessments with knowledge, attitudes, and practices evaluations among health facilities in China, 2017-2019.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) Building and Strengthening Infection Control Strategies (TB BASICS) aimed to achieve improvements in TB infection prevention and control (IPC) through structured training and mentorship.

Methods: TB BASICS was implemented in six Chinese provinces from 2017-2019. Standardized, facility-based risk assessments tailored to inpatient, laboratory, and outpatient departments were conducted quarterly for 18 months.