Broader-Band and Flexible Antireflective Films with the Window-like Structures Inspired by the Backside of Butterfly Wing Scales.

Antireflective performance is critical for most optical devices, such as the efficient solar energy utilization in photovoltaic cells of an aerospace craft and optical displays of scientific precise equipment. Therein, outstanding broad-band antireflection is one of the most crucial properties for antireflection films (ARFs). Unfortunately, it is still a challenging work to realize perfect "broader-band" antireflection because both the low refractive indices materials and time-consuming nanotexturing technologies are required in the fabricating process.

Preparation of anticoagulant PyC biomaterials with super-hydrophobic surface.

Introduction: Pyrolytic carbon (PyC) is a kind of biomaterial which is chemically inert and has excellent biocompatibility. In order to obtain a super-hydrophobic PyC surface to improve anticoagulation and inhibit thrombus, this study prepares grating pair structure, microhole array structure, helix structure on PyC surface by nanoseconds laser etching.

Methods: Rod-like ZnO film and ball-like ZnO film are prepared on the PyC surface by the hydrothermal method; polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) nanofiber film and PVP/TiO complex nanofiber film are prepared on the PyC surface by the electrospinning method; the PyC surface is silanized.

Synthesis of magnetic FeO micro/nanospheres in organic solvent.

Introduction: Micro/nanostructured materials have attracted a great deal of attention, and many strategies have been developed to fabricate micro/nanostructured materials.

Methods: Amine-functionalized micro/nanostructured FeO with different sizes was synthesized conveniently in organic media. The chemical structures of as-synthesized products were characterized by FTIR, TEM, SEM, and XRD.

Hepatitis B vaccination of newborn infants in rural China: evaluation of a village-based, out-of-cold-chain delivery strategy.

Objective: To prevent perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV), WHO recommends that the first dose of hepatitis B (HepB) vaccine be given within 24 hours after birth. This presents a challenge in remote areas with limited cold-chain infrastructure and where many children are born at home.

Methods: Rural townships in three counties in China's Hunan Province were randomized into three groups with different strategies for delivery of the first dose of HepB vaccine.

[Study on the cost of expanded programme on immunization in areas with different economic levels].

Objective: The expanded programme on immunization (EPI) is an important part of the social commonwealth projects providing health care service by the government, which benefits communities. Government has the responsibility for EPI's financing which should be covered by the national budget. It is essential that the cost of EPI service be scientifically estimated to provide propriety information for policy makers.

[Studies on the safety and immunogenicity of lyophilized live attenuated measles-mumps-rubella combined vaccine].

Objective: To study the safety and immunogenicity of the measles-mumps-rubella combined vaccine (MMR) produced by Beijing Biological Product Institute.

Methods: Children aged 10-12 years, 2-2.5 years and 8-12 months were selected to be vaccinated with Beijing MMR vaccine (test vaccine).

[Comparison between the plaque reduction neutralization test and the hemagglutination inhibition test in determination of human anti-measles antibodies].

In order to evaluate the difference between plaque reduction neutralization test (PNt) and hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test on human anti-measles antibodies, pre- and postimmunization sera collected from 328 infants aged 3-6 months who were immunized with Shanghai 191 measles vaccine, were detected by both methods. The results demonstrated that PNt was more sensitive than HI when they were used to measure the pre-immunization sera. No significant difference was found between these two methods when they were used to measure the post-immunization sera.