Identification and Pathogenicity of Species from Herbaceous Plants on Grassland in Qiaojia County, China.

The species is an important plant pathogen that can cause plant diseases in grassland, leading to the degradation of grassland quality. However, the morphology of is greatly affected by environmental factors, which makes it difficult to identify its species. In addition, the pathogenic ability of different species in plants has not been fully studied.

Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the WRKY gene family in Mikania micrantha.

Background: WRKY transcription factors (TFs) regulate plant responses to environmental stimuli and development, including flowering. Despite extensive research on different species, their role in the invasive plant Mikania micrantha remains to be explored. The aim of this study was to identify and analyze WRKY genes in M.

Subtle Structural Changes across the Boundary between AR/AR Dual Antagonism and AR Antagonism: A Novel Class of 2-Aminopyrimidine-Based Derivatives.

Aberrantly elevated adenosine in the tumor microenvironment exerts its immunosuppressive functions through adenosine receptors AR and AR. Antagonism of AR and AR has the potential to suppress tumor growth. Herein, we report a systemic assessment of the effects of an indole modification at position 4, 5, 6, or 7 on both AR/AR activity and selectivity of novel 2-aminopyrimidine compounds.

Mutual influence mechanism of nitrate and sulfamethoxazole on their biotransformation in poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-3-hydroxyvalerate) supported denitrification biofilter for a long-term operation.

Nitrate and SMX both play a critical role in their biotransformation in biodegradable polymer-supported denitrification biofilters. However, the mutual influences of nitrate and SMX on their biotransformation for long-term operation remained obscure. Results showed SMX and nitrate had divergent effects on SMX removal.

Discovery of Pyridinone Derivatives as Potent, Selective, and Orally Bioavailable Adenosine A Receptor Antagonists for Cancer Immunotherapy.

Recent studies and clinical evidence have strongly supported the development of adenosine A receptor (AR) antagonists as novel approaches for cancer immunotherapy. By screening our in-house compound library, a pyridinone hit compound () with weak AR antagonistic activity was identified. Further structure-activity relationship studies revealed a series of pyridinone derivatives with strong potency.

Transcriptome analysis of critical genes related to flowering in Mikania micrantha at different altitudes provides insights for a potential control.

Background: Mikania micrantha is a vine with strong invasion ability, and its strong sexual reproduction ability is not only the main factor of harm, but also a serious obstacle to control. M. micrantha spreads mainly through seed production.

Design, Synthesis, and Bioevaluation of 2-Aminopteridin-7(8)-one Derivatives as Novel Potent Adenosine A Receptor Antagonists for Cancer Immunotherapy.

In recent years, the adenosine A receptor (AR) has shown exciting progress in the development of immunotherapies for the treatment of cancer. Herein, a 2-amino-7,9-dihydro-8-purin-8-one compound () was identified as an AR antagonist hit through in-house library screening. Extensive structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies led to the discovery of 2-aminopteridin-7(8)-one derivatives, which showed high potencies on AR in the cAMP assay.

Discovery of Orally Available Retinoic Acid Receptor-Related Orphan Receptor γ-t/Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase Dual Inhibitors for the Treatment of Refractory Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a multifactorial autoimmune disease, representing a major clinical challenge. Herein, a strategy of dual-targeting approach employing retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor γ-t (RORγt) and dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) was proposed for the treatment of IBD. Dual RORγt/DHODH inhibitors are expected not only to reduce RORγt-driven Th17 cell differentiation but also to mitigate the expansion and activation of T cells, which may enhance anti-inflammatory effects.

Transcriptomic Characterization of Odorant Binding Proteins in and Their Association with Different Host Emitted Volatiles.

This study characterized the transcriptome of and explored odorant binding proteins (OBPs) and their interaction with host-specific compounds. A total of 36 samples from six different organs including antennae, head, thorax, abdomen, wings, and legs (12 groups with 3 replicates per group) from both male and female insects were collected for RNA extraction. Transcriptomic analysis revealed a total of 89,897 transcripts as unigenes, with an average length of 1036 bp.

Exogenous phytohormone application and transcriptome analysis of Mikania micrantha provides insights for a potential control strategy.

Effective and complete control of the invasive weed Mikania micrantha is required to avoid increasing damages. We exogenously applied indole 3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberellin (GA), and N-(2-Chloro-4-pyridyl)-N'-phenylurea (CPPU), and their combinations i.e.

Natural product piperine alleviates experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in mice by targeting dihydroorotate dehydrogenase.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most popular chronic and debilitating inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that remains incurable. Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) is critical to the activity of T lymphocytes and represents a potential therapeutic target for MS. Here we identify piperine, a bioactive constituent of black pepper, as a potent inhibitor of DHODH with an IC value of 0.

Melanoma liver metastases with special imaging features on magnetic resonance imaging after microwave ablations: How to evaluate technical efficacy?

Purpose: To evaluate the technical feasibility of microwave ablation (MWA) for melanoma liver metastases with persistent high signal on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Materials And Methods: Seven patients with 22 target melanoma liver metastases who underwent MWA treatment were included. All procedure-related complications were observed and recorded.

MMM17-Cameroon, analysis and opportunities-Sub-Saharan Africa.

Elevated blood pressure (BP) is a growing burden worldwide, leading to over 10 million deaths each year. May Measurement Month (MMM) is a global initiative aimed at raising awareness on high BP and temporary increasing screening for hypertension worldwide. We here provide the results of the 2017 MMM (MMM17) edition in Cameroon.

Two new species of the genus Oxyporus Fabricius (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Oxyporinae) in Yunnan Province, China.

Two new species of the genus Oxyporus Fabricius, 1775 are described based on specimens collected in Yunnan Province, China, namely Oxyporus (Oxyporus) fentianae sp. nov. from Mojiang County and Oxyporus (Oxyporus) ningerius sp.

Is Vitamin D an Independent Risk Factor of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease?: a Cross-Sectional Study of the Healthy Population.

The association between vitamin D levels and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been recognized. However, few studies showed independent associations between vitamin D deficiency and NAFLD after a sex-related adjustment for metabolic factors. We aimed to study whether vitamin D deficiency is an independent risk factor of NAFLD even after controlling for metabolic syndrome and visceral fat in both sexes.

Discrimination of cis-trans sex pheromone components in two sympatric Lepidopteran species.

Pheromone-binding proteins (PBPs) play an important role in the recognition of pheromones by insects. However, the abilities of these PBPs to discriminate pheromone components and recognize the isomers are unclear. Dendrolimus houi and Dendrolimus kikuchii are two sympatric coniferous pests whose pheromones have cis-trans isomers.

Comparison of the gallbladder damage caused by microwave ablation and cryoablation in vivo porcine livers.

Purpose: To compare the imaging, anatomy, and histopathology of the porcine liver tissue adjacent to the gallbladder, as well as the temperature of the gallbladder wall and the damage degree of gallbladder wall at different times after microwave ablation (MWA) and cryoblation.

Materials And Methods: Sixteen pigs were randomly divided into MWA group (Group M) and cryoblation group (Group C). The pigs were randomly divided into 8 subgroups according to their execution time, with 2 pigs in every subgroup.

Parasitization by Scleroderma guani influences expression of superoxide dismutase genes in Tenebrio molitor.

Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an antioxidant enzyme involved in detoxifying reactive oxygen species. In this study, we identified genes encoding the extracellular and intracellular copper-zinc SODs (ecCuZnSOD and icCuZnSOD) and a manganese SOD (MnSOD) in the yellow mealworm beetle, Tenebrio molitor. The cDNAs for ecCuZnSOD, icCuZnSOD, and MnSOD, respectively, encode 24.

Parasitization by Scleroderma guani influences protein expression in Tenebrio molitor pupae.

Ectoparasitoid wasps deposit their eggs onto the surface and inject venom into their hosts. Venoms are chemically complex and they exert substantial impact on hosts, including permanent or temporary paralysis and developmental arrest. These visible venom effects are due to changes in expression of genes encoding physiologically relevant proteins.

Identification and tissue distribution of odorant binding protein genes in the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua.

Odorant binding proteins (OBPs) contribute to the remarkable sensitivity of the insect's olfactory system and play an important role in insect chemical communication. In this study, we identified 11 putative cDNAs encoding OBPs (namely SexiOBP1-11) from the antennal full length cDNA library of the beet armyworm Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and examined their expression profiles in different adult body tissues (antennae, heads, thoraxes, abdomens, legs and wings) by real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). All SexiOBPs had the characteristic typical features of the OBP family, with the exception of SexiOBP11, which lacked the predicted signal peptide sequence at the N-terminus.