The safety of neoadjuvant hormonal treatment in infants with cryptorchidism.

Background/purpose: The standard treatment for boys with non-syndromic cryptorchidism is an early orchidopexy. It is unclear if surgical intervention alone is enough for future fertility. Recent studies show benefit of neoadjuvant or adjuvant hormonal treatment with gonadorelin (GnRH) for spermatogonia maturation based on testicular biopsy.

Laparoscopic lymphatic and artery sparing microsurgical varicocelectomy - technique, results and long-term outcomes.

Introduction And Objective: It is generally considered that artery sparing suprainguinal varicocelectomy is associated with a higher risk of persistence in comparison with the non-sparing (Palomo) procedure. Artery sparing is desirable in specific conditions. Based on our 21-year long experience, this study aims to describe technical details and standard steps of the procedure, leading to a comparatively low recurrence rate.

Distal urethral plate adhesions: New anatomical perspective in hypospadias.

Introduction: We found midline epithelial adhesions in the glandar urethral plate in patients with hypospadias. After dissolution, a blind epithelized channel becomes visualized inside of the plate pointing to immature embryonic luminization. In addition it reveals that the epithelized surface of the distal urethral plate is larger than previously considered.

Unstented laparoscopic pyeloplasty in young children (1-5 years old): a comparison with a repair using double-J stent or transanastomotic externalized stent.

Objective: To evaluate feasibility of unstented laparoscopic pyeloplasty in young children to prevent pyelonephritis and second anaesthesia.

Patients And Methods: During 2006-2013, 70 children (1-5 years old) underwent laparoscopic pyeloplasty for high grade hydronephrosis. Unstented repair was indicated in 34 children (GroupL1), double-J stent was placed in 21 patients (Group L2) and uretero-pyelostomy stent (Cook) in 15 patients (Group L3).

Transmesocolic laparoscopic pyeloplasty in children: a standard approach for the left-side repair.

Objective: To compare the transmesocolic approach in the left laparoscopic pyeloplasty with the laterocolic right-side repair in children.

Patients And Methods: Dismembered pyeloplasty was performed in 77 consecutive children aged 1.2-18.

Lymphatic sparing laparoscopic varicocelectomy: a microsurgical repair.

Purpose: The division of lymphatic vessels during pediatric varicocelectomy is complicated by hydrocele formation, testicular hypertrophy due to intratesticular edema and decline in testicular function. To prevent these complications, we introduced a microsurgical lymphatic sparing dissection into laparoscopic varicocelectomy.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively compared outcomes in 104 boys who underwent microsurgical laparoscopic repair for grade II to III varicocele between April 1999 and December 2002 to a group of 67 boys operated on using conventional laparoscopy without lymphatic preservation between January 1997 and March 1999.

Division of lymphatic vessels at varicocelectomy leads to testicular oedema and decline in testicular function according to the LH-RH analogue stimulation test.

Objectives: To study the andrological outcome of the division of testicular lymphatic vessels at varicocelectomy in children and adolescents.

Methods: Testicular size and basal and stimulated luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) values were determined prospectively in 86 patients with left unilateral varicocele grades II-III. 22 patients underwent lymphatic non-sparing surgery (LNS group), 10 of them with artery sparing (LNS/AS) and 12 without artery sparing (LNS/ANS), 23 patients underwent lymphatic sparing repair (LS group) and 41 patients were treated conservatively (NT group).