Efficacy and safety of indomethacin 0.1% eye drops compared with ketorolac 0.5% eye drops in the management of ocular inflammation after cataract surgery.

Purpose: To determine whether indomethacin 0.1% eye drops are at least as effective as ketorolac 0.5% eye drops in treating ocular inflammation following cataract surgery.

[The development of radiation technologies since Maria Skłodowska-Curie].

The article was written on the occasion of the 100. anniversary of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry awarded to Maria Skłodowska-Curie. The United Nations General Assembly honoured this event by announcing the year 2011 the International Year of Chemistry.

[Maria Skłodowska-Curie--her chemistry at the centenary of the second Nobel Prize].

The article presents from the perspective of one hundred years the work of Maria Curie-Skłodowska, which in many cases was ahead of the state of knowledge of the time. It opened new horizons and for this reason we made many digressions. The fact of awarding her the Nobel Prize twice is a sensation enough to present the values of careful activity of the Nobel Prize Committee that emphasizes the importance of Maria's achievements.

[Novelty of vital dyes in ophthalmic surgery].

The aim of this paper is to present recent developments in the area of novelty of vital dyes in intraocular surgery. The authors present the advantages and disadvantages of several vital dyes currently used in ophthalmic surgery. Vital dyes are used to allow better intraoperative visualization of both the anterior and posterior segments.

[Results of tectonic epikeratoplasty in the management of corneal perforations].

Purpose: To present therapeutic application of tectonic epikeratoplasty as logical patch in severe ocular surface disorders.

Material And Methods: Full thickness corneo-scleral transplants, 14 mm in diameter were used in 67 operations of 41 patients with corneal perforation or descemetocele. (14 women and 27 men), in the period 1998-2008.

Occurrence of human papillomavirus in pterygia.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the occurrence of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in pterygium.

Methods: The study involved 89 patients undergoing surgical procedures at the Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland. Group 1 included 58 patients with clinically diagnosed pterygium.

[Lyell'a syndrome--two case presentations].

Clinical symptoms of toxic epidermal necrosis (TEN) include massive epidermolysis within skin and mucous membranes. Similar to extensive stage II burns, this may be a life-threatening condition. Patients with TEN are usually treated in specialized burn centers andlor surgery departments.

Reaction time during semi-automated kinetic perimetry (SKP) in patients with advanced visual field loss.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate reaction time (RT) in patients with advanced visual field (VF) loss using semi-automated kinetic perimetry (SKP).

Methods: Seventy-eight patients with advanced VF loss caused by glaucoma (31) or retinitis pigmentosa (19), homonymous VF loss caused by post-chiasmal lesions (18) and unilateral anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy (AION) (10) were examined with SKP (Octopus 101 perimeter). One eye in each patient was enrolled.

Comparison of static automated perimetry and semi-automated kinetic perimetry in patients with bilateral visible optic nerve head drusen.

Purpose: Until now there has been no standardized, systemic approach to diagnostics in patients with optic nerve head drusen (ONHD). This study compares visual field (VF) results obtained with static automated perimetry (SAP) and semi-automated kinetic perimetry (SKP) in patients with bilateral visible ONHD.

Methods: Visual fields in 26 eyes (13 patients) with ONHD were obtained by Humphrey Field Analyser II (SAP) and Octopus 101 (SKP) equipment and classified by three masked observers.

[Decrease of the postoperative inflammatory reaction during pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) after administration of triamcinolone acetonide].

Purpose: To prospectively evaluate the effect on postoperative inflammatory reaction and recovery after application of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) during pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), to visualize the vitreous.

Material And Methods: Pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) was performed in 45 patients (21 males, 24 females) (29 with retinal detachment, 6 with macular hole, 1 with cystoid macular edema, 3 with diabetic retinopathy, 3 with vitreous haemorrhage, 1 with preretinal membrane, 1 with PVR and 1 with lens luxation). After surgical separation of the posterior vitreous and removal of any visible epiretinal membrane, TA was injected over the posterior pole.

[Fungal infections of the cornea--diagnostics and management].

Fungal keratitis, an important cause of corneal infectious disease, is one of the most challenging types of microbial keratitis to diagnose, isolate the etiologic fungal organism and treat successfully. Aspergillus spp. are most commonly responsible for fungal keratitis worldwide.

Early electroretinographic features of streptozotocin-induced diabetic retinopathy.

Background: This study set out to document the early electrophysiological and immunohistochemical changes that occur in the retina of experimentally induced diabetic rats.

Methods: Diabetes was induced in rats by intraperitoneal injection of 60 mg/kg of streptozotocin (STZ). Electroretinogram readings were taken monthly under either short-duration or long-duration stimuli for up to 3 months after STZ.

[Posterior staphyloma in the normal lenght eyeball--a case report].

Purpose: The aim of the study is to present a case of posterior staphyloma in the eyeball of the normal length.

Methods And Results: A 17-year-old boy underwent full ophthalmologic examination due to impaired vision in the right eye (R.E.

[Effect of mydriasis and accommodation on intraocular pressure and pigment release in patients with the pigment dispersion syndrome].

Purpose: To determine if mydriasis and accommodation affect intraocular pressure (IOP) and pigment release in patients with the pigment dispersion syndrome (PDS).

Material And Methods: Seventeen patients (34 eyes) diagnosed with PDS were included in the study (10 men and 7 women). Tonometry was performed on all patients before, and at 1 and 2 hours after mydriasis and before, and at 1 and 2 hours after sustained reading.

[Fundus autofluorescence imaging in patients with Stargardt dystrophy and fundus flavimaculatus].

Purpose: To identify patterns of fundus autofluorescence (AF) in patients with Stargardt dystrophy and fundus flavimaculatus.

Material And Methods: 20 patients in age 7 to 47 years with Stargardt dystrophy and fundus flavimaculatus, were examined. Ophthalmic evaluation included nonstandarized Snellen visual acuity, complete ophthalmic examination, fluorescein angiography and color fundus photographs.

[Intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin) iniections for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD)--preliminary results].

Purpose: To evaluate effects of intravitreal bevacizumab on visual acuity and angiographic lesions characteristics in patients with neovascular AMD and to report safety of such treatement.

Material And Methods: 32 patients with confirmed choroidal neovascularisation (CNV) and AMD were treated. Patients received 2 intravitreal bevacizumabu (1.

[Assessment of the macula function by static perimetry, microperimetry and rarebit perimetry in patients suffering from dry age related macular degeneration].

Purpose: To compare the visual field results obtained by static perimetry, microperimetry and rabbit perimetry in patients suffering from dry age related macular degeneration (AMD).

Material And Methods: Fifteen eyes with dry AMD (hard or soft macula drusen and RPE disorders) were enrolled into the study. Static perimetry was performed using M2 macula program included in Octopus 101 instrument.

Relation between grade of diabetic retinopathy and perilimbal capillary density: digital fluorescein angiographic study.

Purpose: To evaluate the relation between the capillary drop out in perilimbal area and the stage of diabetic retinopathy using the new approach of digital fluorescein angiography and digital image analysis technology.

Material And Methods: Anterior and posterior segment fluorescein angiography were performed in 100 diabetic participants (43 males and 57 females, mean age +/- SD was 60 +/- 10.9 years) and 81 healthy persons as control group (41 males and 40 females, mean age +/- SD was 60.

Question 2: relation of panspermia-hypothesis to astrobiology.

In the answer to major questions of astrobiology and chirality, the panspermia-hypothesis is often discussed as the only proposal of transportation of life to the Earth. On the basis of the known presence of ionizing radiation in the space, assumed on the level calculated by Clark (Orig Life Evol Biosph 31:185-197, 2001), the hypothesis is rejected as the explanation of origins of life on Earth. In fact, comparatively low doses of radiation sterilize irreversibly all biological material.

An international strategic plan to preserve and restore vision: four curricula of ophthalmic education.

Purpose: To highlight the four International Curricula of Ophthalmic Education developed by the Task Forces of the International Council of Ophthalmology, published in Klinische Monatsblätter für Augenheilkunde in November 2006.

Design: A global perspective of developing educational curricula as tools to improve eye care.

Methods: Review of the experience and conclusions of the four international panels.

In vivo retinal tolerance of various heavy silicone oils.

Purpose: Heavy silicone oils are currently under investigation as a permanent tamponade in eyes with inferior PVR. This study was an investigation of Densiron 68 (Fluoron GmbH, Neu-Ulm, Germany) and several new heavy silicone oil admixtures on the basis of the perfluoroalkanes F4H5 (perfluorobutylpentane), F4H6 (perfluorobutylhexane), and F4H8 (perfluorobutyloctane) with respect to their long-term tolerance in a rabbit model.

Methods: Because of the better solubility of the F4Hn-species (n = 5-8) in comparison to F6H8, we used F4H5, F4H6, and F4H8 to generate highly viscous, heavy silicone oils (HSO).

Elevated concentrations of kynurenic acid, a tryptophan derivative, in dense nuclear cataracts.

Purpose: Kynurenines and their glycoside derivatives in the ocular lens absorb ultraviolet radiation and thus possibly help protect the retina from ultraviolet light. The current study analysed kynurenine aminotransferase I (KAT I) activity and kynurenic acid (KYNA) concentrations in human senile cataractous lenses and in experimentally induced cataracts in diabetic rats treated with streptozotocin (STZ).

Methods: KYNA levels and KAT I activity were investigated with HPLC and detected fluorimetrically in the nuclei of 91 human cataractous lenses collected during planned extracapsular extraction.